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Management of Information Systems: 45-870

Management of Information Systems: 45-870. Mini-3 Spring 2000. Agenda. Announcements Technology Byte Presentations Database Trends Telecommunications and Internetworking Technologies Information about Mid-Term. Announcements. Technology Byte Presentations Thursday (2/3):

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Management of Information Systems: 45-870

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  1. Management of Information Systems: 45-870 Mini-3 Spring 2000

  2. Agenda • Announcements • Technology Byte Presentations • Database Trends • Telecommunications and Internetworking Technologies • Information about Mid-Term

  3. Announcements • Technology Byte Presentations • Thursday (2/3): • Section A: Digital Agents, Hyperlinks • Section B: Alwin & the Chipmunks, Cash Money Brothers

  4. Announcements • IT Exercise II due no later than midnight this Friday, 2/4/00 • Submit one set of answers for your team • You can email to me as an MS Word attachment or submit as hard copy • Technology Byte Report • Due on no later than midnight this Friday, 2/4/00 • Submit as a web page linked to your team’s home page that you had created in the first IT exercise

  5. Technology Byte Presentations • Section A: • Digital Agents • Hyperlinks • Section B: • Alwin & the Chipmunks • Cash Money Brothers

  6. The Information Technology Platform: Building Blocks TELECOMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE & DATA HARDWARE

  7. DATABASE TRENDS • DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING: Multiple Geographical / Functional Systems Connected with Network • Web Databases • DISTRIBUTED DATABASE: Data Physically Stored in more than one Location • PARTIONED • DUPLICATE

  8. DATABASE TRENDS • OBJECT- ORIENTED: Data and Procedures Stored Together; can be Retrieved, Shared • HYPERMEDIA: Nodes Contain Text, Graphics, Sound, Video, Programs. Organizes Data as Nodes. • MULTIDIMENSIONAL: 3D (or higher) Groupings to Store Complex Data

  9. DATABASE TRENDS • DATA WAREHOUSE: Organization’s Electronic Library Stores Consolidated Current & Historic Data for Management Reporting & Analysis

  10. External Databases on the Internet & Online Services Client PC or NC Distributed Databases on Intranets & Other Networks Operational Databases of the Organization End User Databases Analytical Databases of Critical Organization Data Databases in the IT Architecture Network Server Data Warehouse

  11. The Information Technology Platform: Building Blocks TELECOMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE & DATA HARDWARE

  12. Telecommunications Processors 1 3 2 Telecommunications Software 5 2 PCs, NCs, and Other Terminals Telecommunications Channels and Media 4 Computers Basic Components in a Telecommunications Network

  13. Telecommunications Components Network Component Examples Media Twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber optics, microwave radio, communications satellites, cellular phone systems, radio, infrared Processors Modems, multiplexers, switches, routers, hubs, gateways Software Network operating systems, telecommunications monitors, middleware Channels Analog/digital switched/nonswitched, circuit/message/packet/cell switching, bandwidth alternatives Topology/ Architecture LAN, WAN, VAN, VPN, Client-Server, Internetworked Enterprise

  14. Telecommunications Media MEANS BY WHICH DATA ARE TRANSMITTED: • TWISTED PAIR ( Copper Wires) • COAXIAL CABLE: (Insulated Copper Wires) • FIBER-OPTIC CABLE • WIRELESS

  15. Telecommunications Processors • Modems • Multiplexers • Switches • Routers • Hubs • Gateways • Examples: • Typical use of Telecommunications Processors • CMU’s use of Telecommunications Processors

  16. Communications Software • Network Operating Systems • Telecommunications Monitors • Middleware

  17. Telecommunications Channels • Analog vs. Digital • Switched vs. non-switched • Switching Alternatives • Transmission Speed: Bits per Second (BPS) or Baud • Bandwidth: Capacity of Channel; Difference between Highest & Lowest Frequencies

  18. Shared Database and Software Packages Network Server Telecommunications Topologies: Local Area Network (LAN) PC PC PC Shared Printer PC PC Internetwork Processor to Other Networks

  19. USER USER HOST USER USER LAN Topologies STAR

  20. USER USER USER USER USER USER LAN Topologies BUS

  21. USER USER USER USER LAN Topologies RING

  22. Wide Area Network (WAN) • NETWORK SPANS LARGE GEOGRAPHIC DISTANCES • CAN INCLUDE CABLE, SATELLITE, MICROWAVE • SWITCHED LINES: Route Determined by Current Traffic • DEDICATED LINES: Constantly Available for High-Volume Traffic

  23. Value-Added Networks (VAN) and Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) • VANs: • PRIVATE; MULTIPATH; DATA ONLY • 3rd PARTY MANAGED • USED BY SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS • SUBSCRIPTION BASIS • VPNs:

  24. Client-Server Networks • Distributes computing power • End user PC or NC are clients • Clients interconnected by LANS to network servers • LANs interconnected to other LANs and WANs

  25. Inter-networks • Brief History of the Internet • ARPANET, 1969 • ARPANET & Milnet, 1980s = “the Internet” • NSFNET, 1986 • ARPANET retired 1990 • Web users, 1996 = 25 million • Web users, 2000 > 160 million • Internet vs. Web

  26. Connecting to the Internet • How to connect: • phone • cable • satellite • LAN • Types of connection services: • Internet connection providers (ISPs) • Proprietary Content Providers (AOL)

  27. Internet Characteristics • Open standards and protocols (TCP/IP) • Asynchronous transmission of data: Information Packets Destination Header Header Header IP Address ROUTER

  28. Internet Bandwidth • What is bandwidth important for the Internet? • Internet Technology Bandwidths and Uses • Modem • ISDN • Ethernet LAN • Leased Lines (T1 and T3) • ATM

  29. Internet Security • Internet Commerce • Encryption and Digital Certificates • Firewalls

  30. Organizational Uses of Internetworking Technologies • Intranet • Extranet

  31. The Inter-networked Enterprise The Internet Company Intranets Extranet Extranet Intranet Intranets Intranets Customer Supplier Intranets Extranet Extranet Other Company Locations

  32. Telecommunications Trends More vendors, carriers, alliances, and network services,accelerated by deregulation & Internet Growth Industry Trends More Internet, interconnected local & global digital networks, improved transmission channels Technology Trends More electronic commerce, enterprise collaboration, online business operations etc. via networks Application Trends

  33. Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 • Logistics and Location • can use laptops in GSIA 152 or use PCs in ELC or manually write answers in blue books • we will use the network printer for printing • ELC is reserved so you can print your answers there

  34. Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 • Format: • you will have 90 minutes to complete it, excluding print time • this is an individual, not team effort • Be sure to: • ATQ: answer the question! • Be very specific and precise in your answers – general or vague answers will not receive full credit • open book, open note, open network, except: • NO E-MAILING TO CLASSMATES TO SHARE ANSWERS !!

  35. Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 • Questions: • consists of 4-6 short answer questions and 1-2 longer answer questions • Questions have multiple parts • short answer questions are technical (i.e., definitions) and longer answer questions are application oriented (i.e., like in-class exercises, homework exercises, etc.)

  36. Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 • Some Sample Technical Questions: • What are some important trends in micro-processors? Will micro-processor performance continue to improve dramatically? Why or why not? • How is a relational database different than a traditional “flat” file? Provide a specific example to illustrate your answer. • What is the difference between a network computer and a personal computer? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? • How is a primary key different from a concatenated key different from a foreign key? Provide examples to illustrate. • What is normalization? Why is it important to normalize? Provide an example to illustrate. • What is the difference between a LAN and a WAN? In what situations would a company prefer to use a LAN? a WAN? • What is middleware and why is it an important technology for organizations?

  37. Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 • Some Sample Application Questions: • Consider the IT called “artificial intelligence”. What is artificial intelligence? Describe how you think this IT will change business in the future. What are the business opportunities of this IT? What are the primary dangers, threats, or business challenges associated with this IT? • Describe an effective process for companies to use in creating web pages in their intra/inter/extra/nets. That is, should they centralize or de-centralize the design, development, implementation and maintenance? Should they use an HTML generator or code HTML by hand? Should they standardize or allow autonomy in web design? Justify your choices.

  38. Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 • Preparation and Review • Covers material: • Discussed or presented in class • In Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7 of text • In handouts (e.g., database handout, FrontPage handouts) • On Course Web Site • In in-class exercises • Suggest outlining or organizing your material so you know where to find things during the exam

  39. Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 • If you are unable to take the exam on Feb. 8 • you must notify me no later than Feb. 7, 2000 and explain why you cannot take the exam. • I must excuse you, and we will set up a date and time for make up of the exam. • Note that the make-up exam will have different questions than the exam administered in class • Unexcused absences will result in a grade of zero on the exam

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