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Remote Sensing Laboratory

ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GEOFISICA E VULCANOLOGIA. Remote Sensing Laboratory. GNV 2007 Progetto Etna. AVHoTRR A. Valerio Lombardo. Lava. Background. (t). (t+ D t). Thermal model (Low Resolution). Issues. Identification of the thermal anomaly (Alert) Dual-band constrains

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Remote Sensing Laboratory

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  1. ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GEOFISICA E VULCANOLOGIA Remote Sensing Laboratory GNV 2007 Progetto Etna AVHoTRR A Valerio Lombardo

  2. Lava Background (t) (t+Dt) Thermal model (Low Resolution) Issues • Identification of the thermal anomaly (Alert) • Dual-band constrains • The effusion rate estimation

  3. Available Sensors MIVIS 29/07/2001 ASTER29/07/2001 AVHRR 29/07/2001 Resolution: 5-8m 30m 1 Km Acquisition: on demand every 16 day 3-5 per day

  4. Planck equation: R(l) = eC1 l5 p (exp(C2/l T) - 1) Dual-band technique: R1tot = fh (R1h) + (1 - fh) R1c R2tot = fh (R2h) + (1 - fh) R2c Background: dual-band technique the radiance detected by the sensor in one band is an average, weighted by the fractional area, of the two radiances related to the different temperatures (Rothery et al. 1988): Rtot = fh (Rh) + (1 - fh) Rc

  5. Qcon Background: effusion rate Dual-band solutions allow for calculation of radiant flux (Qlava) from active flows Qlava = e s[ fh Th4 + (1 - fh) Tc4 ] Effusion rate Er (Pieri and Baloga 1986; Harris et al. 1997): Er = Qtot rlava[ cplavaDT+CLDf ] rlava: lava density Cplava : specific heat capacity DT : avarage temperature drop throughout the active lava CL : latent heat of crystallization Df : average mass of crystals grown in cooling through DT

  6. Methodology We use 3 bands of the MIVIS dataset as input of the system to obtain simultaneous solutions for the three unknowns: Tc, Th, fh. R1tot = fh (R1h) + (1 - fh) R1c 1.53 mm R2tot = fh (R2h) + (1 - fh) R2c 2.19 mm R3tot = fh (R3h) + (1 - fh) R3c 11.36 mm

  7. IDL routinefor effusion rate estimation

  8. Landsat 5 and 7 data set Summary of Landsat ETM sensor parameters. Temporal Comparison of Thermal and Geometrical Features • INGV database contains 80 Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM images covering Etna activity, during 1984 – 2003 period. • We applied remote sensing techniques to retrieve the energy flux and effusion rates of active lava flows for each image.

  9. 1984 TIME 2001 1984 – 2001 effusion rate estimates We estimated the energy flux and the effusion rate for every image of our database

  10. 1984 – 2001 energy flux

  11. 1984 – 2001 effusion rate

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