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AP Lit Review for Exam. By Ms.Teref , Roosevelt High School. When analyzing a poem or a long passage…. Use your weapon – pen/pencil to annotate! Look for shifts (e.g. however, but, yet, ironically, oddly enough…) Look for natural breaks:
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AP Lit Review for Exam By Ms.Teref, Roosevelt High School
When analyzing a poem or a long passage… • Use your weapon – pen/pencil to annotate! • Look for shifts (e.g. however, but, yet, ironically, oddly enough…) • Look for natural breaks: • Is one stanza or paragraph significantly longer than the others? (That must mean there’s an overwhelming emotion in that part.) • Is there a sentence which is significantly longer than others? Why?
Is there a list or a litany (a negative list)? Could that list be making the long sentence so long? (Think of Hamlet’s soliloquies.) • Chase subject and verb combinations (find the verb first and see what it’s linked to) + bracket the interrupters or nonessential information) • If a sentence/line sounds odd, unscramble the word order (perhaps the line starts with a verb and its subjects is far apart)
When faced with a difficult sentence or verse, circle the words you know or the key words, and pay attention to what you know. • Pay attention to punctuation: ! ? - (something is emphasized, dramatized…) • When stuck and don’t know what else to write, start with “When (character does something…), i.e. summarize and then analyze.
Literary (technical vocabulary) • For the thesis: CFC, parallel structure, correlatives (no sooner… than, not only… but), archetypes, does the character change from beginning to the end? • Alliteration, metaphor, extended metaphor (conceit), simile (what’s their function? don’t just identify them) • Connotation (connote), denotation (denote) • Euphony, cacophony
Sonnet, Italian sonnet, English sonnet, stanza, blank verse, volta, iambic pentameter, iamb, rhyme scheme (abbaabbacdccdc), couplet, heroic couplet (rhyming couplets in iambic pentameter: aa bb cc dd…) quatrain. • Humor: humorous/comic (not “funny”): - exaggeration/hyperbole/hyperbolic • irony, sarcasm • diction tone • shifts • satire: we must know the original (e.g. “My Mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun”)
Anti-hero (Hamlet, Lucifer), protagonist, antagonist/villain (King Claudius), foil, major vs. minor characters (characters “in transit” – what’s their function?) • Speaker vs. persona vs. narrator (never the author – this is only for non-fiction)
Comparison/contrast essay • 1. THESIS: In your thesis, identify what similar concern/problem/issue the speakers have, and then explain how their conclusions about that concern are different. • 2. ANALYZE COMPLETELY THE POEM YOU UNDERSTAND BETTER FIRST. • 3. Transitional paragraph: connect poem 1 with poem 2. • 4. Begin analyzing the other poem and occasionally ping-pong between poem 2 and poem 1 to make connections between them. • 5. Conclusion