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e-Government Project Life Cycle. … Concept to Completion. J Satyanarayana. Agenda. e-Government – Track Record Implementation Dynamics Project Development & Project Management Effective Project Management. Success & Failure Rate. 35 % of eGov projects are total failures
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e-Government Project Life Cycle …Concept to Completion J Satyanarayana
Agenda • e-Government – Track Record • Implementation Dynamics • Project Development & Project Management • Effective Project Management
Success & Failure Rate • 35 % of eGov projects are total failures • Initiatives not implemented • Initiatives abandoned immediately • 50% of eGov projects are partial failures • Main stated goals not achieved • Initial success but failure after an year • Success for one group but failure for others • 15% of eGov projects are successes • All stakeholders benefited • No adverse results Most Failures are rooted in improper Project Development & Project Management
Project Management Project Development Rollout Pilot Develop Evaluate Architect Conceptualize Enhance 5 7 6 4 3 2 1 7 Steps in Implementation
Project Development Creativity Research & Analysis Consultation High-end Resources Project Management Planning Ability Field Work Coordination Medium Resources Project Development VsProject Management
Project & Program A Project is an endeavour to create a unique Product, Service or Result that has inter-related activities and is progressively elaborated A Program is a group of projects managed in a coordinated way
Components of Project Mgt. Integration Management Scope Management Time Management Cost Management Quality Management HR Management Communications Management Risk Management Procurement Management
Triple Constraint of Project Mgt Quality Time Cost Scope
Components of a Project Plan • Project Charter • Project Management Approach • Scope Statement • Work Breakdown Structure • Responsibility Chart • Major Milestones • Budget • Schedule • Resources • Change Control Plan • Project Management Baselines
Conceptualize Architect Define Support • Study • AS IS • Best Practice • Stakeholder • Consultation • Develop • Vision • Mission • Objectives • Business Case Analysis • Functional • Architecture • Technology • Architecture • Process • Architecture • People • Architecture • Services • Roles & • Responsibilities • Service • Levels • Business • Model • RFP • POC • Bid Process Management • Evaluation • Project • Management • Assessment CADS Methodology of Project Development (NISG)
Anatomy of Project Documentation … the 3 part approach
Part I – Functional & Technical Specs • Vision, Mission, Objectives, Outcomes • National/ International Best Practices • Service Definition • Functional Architecture • Technology Architecture • Including Security Management Requirements • Process Architecture • Outcome of GPR • People Architecture
Part II- Commercial & Bid Specifications • Prequalification Criteria • Technical Bid Formats • Commercial Bid Formats • Evaluation Criteria • Bidding Terms & Conditions
Part III – Legal Specs & SLA • Roles & Responsibilities of parties • Scope of Work of Partner • Service Level Agreement • Consequences of Breach • Terms of Payment • Governance Structure • Exit Management
About SLA • SLA= Service Level Agreement • Justification for SLA • Govt is buying services not hardware, software & networks • Specifies quantity & quality of services • Payments – part or full – are linked to performance against SLA • Contains rewards & penalties • Drives the partners – both public & private – to better performance
Evaluation • Prequalification criteria • Turnover limit – in relation to Project size • Experience in e-Government project • Technical Criteria • Past Project Experience • Quality of Solution Offered • Implementation Plan • Key Project Personnel • Commercial Evaluation • Relative to Lowest Cost • Combined Score • Appropriate weightages between Technical & Commercial scores
Scope of IS Audit of e-Gov Projects • To audit the functionality • Service Levels • Suitability • Accuracy • Interoperability • To audit IT infrastructure • To audit Quality as per ISO 9126 • Reliability • Availability • Data Integrity • Efficiency/ Performance • Usability • To Audit Security as per BS 7799/ ISO 17799
Issues in eGov Project Mgt. e-Government delayed is e-Government denied! Integration Management Scope Management Time Management Lack of team spirit No e-Champion Scope is not precise Scope creeps Delays in Decisions Delays in sign-offs Cost Management Quality Management HR Management No Flexibility Delays in payments Lack of Skills Lack of Institutional approach to QM Turnover of Key people Lack of PM Skills Communications Management Risk Management Procurement Management Too many meetings Too few decisions Risk Aversion One-sided contracts Vagueness in specifying requirements
Improving Project Management • Empowerment • Empowered Committee for Major Decisions • Project Implementation Committee for operational decisions • Partial outsourcing of PM activities • Select a Professional Organization as PMU • Capacity Building in PM skills • Institutional Capacity • ‘Creating’ CIO & CTO • Sponsoring Key people for PMI Certification
Conclusion • e-Government requires • Systematic development of the conceptinto a Project • Systematic Management of the Project • Project Development & Project Management are both specialized jobs. • There is a continuous need to build capacities in Project Development & Project Management
Thank You ceo@nisg.org
1. Conceptualization • Develop a Vision • Bordering on the impossible ! • Define a Mission • A Slogan that motivates • Spell-out Objectives • Benefits to ALL Stakeholders • Stakeholder consultation • Define Services • Transformation • Lay down Specific Outcomes • Measurable Parameters
2. Architecture • Meets the Objectives • Is Sustainable • Scales to handle future demand • Accommodates future developments
2. Architecture (contd) • Process Architecture • Government Process Reengineering • Technology Architecture • Consultative Approach – e.g eBiz Architecture • People Architecture • Policy Level, e-Gov Champions, CIOs, CTOs Operational Level • Resource Architecture • Business Model, Viability, Sustainability, PPP, User Charges, SLA
3. Development • Functional Requirement Specification • System Requirement Specification • Coding • Testing • Deployment • Documentation, Version Management, ALM Spend Quality Time here
4. Pilot • Why Pilot? • A More thorough debugging • A more innovative product • Early course correction OR ‘Go-No-GO’ decision • A more reliable Business Model • Scope of the Pilot • Functionality • Geographical Coverage
5. Rollout • Phasing • Functionality • Geography • Resource Planning • Financial • Managerial • People • PPP • Stakeholder Consultation • Project Management
Service-Orientation Efficiency User-Convenience Citizen-Centricity Technology Architecture & Standards Security Scalability Reliability Sustainability Organizational Commercial Legal Cost-effectiveness Replicability Functional Technological Commercial 6. Evaluate