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Smart Buildings Using Demand Response March 6, 2011

Demand Response Research Center. Smart Buildings Using Demand Response March 6, 2011. Sila Kiliccote Deputy, Demand Response Research Center Program Manager, Building Technologies Department Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

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Smart Buildings Using Demand Response March 6, 2011

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  1. Demand Response Research Center Smart Buildings Using Demand Response March 6, 2011 Sila Kiliccote Deputy, Demand Response Research Center Program Manager, Building Technologies Department Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

  2. Presentation Outline • Demand Response Research Center – DRRC Vision and Research Portfolio • Introduction to Demand Response • Smart Grid and DR • Market Drivers • Opportunities and Challenges

  3. DRRC Research Portfolio Automated Demand Response Technical Strategies Case Studies Related Pricing and Behavior Pre-Cooling 2003-2009 Case Studies Industrial, Ag, Water DR Pricing / Rates Scoping 2006 Initial Research 2002 Dimmable Lighting 2006-2009 DR at UC Campus 2008-2009 DR Rates 2008 Expanded Research 2003-2006 PCT Radio Coverage 2008 Refrigerated Warehouses, Wastewater • Behavior • TOU 2007 • CPP Small C/I SMUD Small Commercial EE-CPP Price Mapping Industrial Controls DR Decision, Information, Control 2008-2010 Open Source DR Automation Server 2009 Commercialization 2006-2009 AutoDR Dynamic Pricing 2009 AutoDR Price Mapping Demo 2009 Value of Information Gaming Simulation 2009 Bell Carter Green Energy Mgmt. 2008-2010 DR for Data Centers Open Source DR Automation 2009 Value of Information SMUD Smart Grid Demo 2010 • CAISO • Demo Lab • Participating Load Pilots Seattle City Light 2008-2009 Initiate Standards Donate to OASIS, UCAIug 2007 Integrated Audits Wireless Protocol OpenADR 2009 CAISO OASIS Price Automation 2010 ZigBee Harmonization 2009 NiST 2009 PG&E Intermittent Load 2010

  4. Demand Response • Demand Response (DR) is the action taken to change peak load in response to: • Price signals – curtailment or shifting of load to avoid high priced periods or to take advantage of low priced periods. • Reliability signals – curtailment of load to address demand-supply imbalances that threaten system operation. • Contingencies (emergencies & congestion) occur to address transmission or distribution congestion and voltage problems. • DR strategies are transient (occur only as needed) • Energy Efficiency strategies are permanent (occur daily)

  5. Demand-Side Management - DR Time Scales

  6. Responsive Buildings Occupant Productivity Model-driven Control Integrated Operating System Lighting & Misc Facade Natural Environment Sustainable Grid Pervasive Energy Monitoring HVAC

  7. What is AutoDR and OpenADR • Auto-DR is a technology infrastructure developed to meet State demand response policy goals from 2002: • Cost - low-cost, automation infrastructure to improve DR in California • Technology - Evaluate “readiness” of buildings to receive signals • Capability - Evaluate capability of control strategies for buildings • OpenADRis an information exchange model to facilitate communication of price and reliability signals. • Auto-DR programs offered by utilities or ISOs automate DR using OpenADR.

  8. Manual Demand Response

  9. Reliable, Persistent DR - Auto-DR with OpenADR PG&E DR Automation Server Embedded Client in New Controls

  10. OpenADR - Defined Signaling- continuous, 2-way, secure messaging system for dynamic prices, emergency and reliability signals. One-way applications are under development Client-server architecture - uses open interfaces to allow interoperability with publish and subscribe systems Current system - uses internet available at most large facilities or broadcasting points. Hardware retrofit or embedded software - many clients fully implemented with existing XML software

  11. OpenADR History and Timeline First official OpenADR v1.0 specification by LBNL/CEC* Research initiated by LBNL/ DRRC (California Energy Commission PIER) 1. OpenADR standards 2. Pilots and field trials - Wholesale markets (CAISO) - Pacific-NW (Winter DR) 3. International demos. OpenADR Commercialization (PG&E, SCE, and SDG&E) Pilots and field trials - 2003: Developments, tests - 2004: Scaled-up tests, relay - 2005-06: CPP/ Auto-CPP (PG&E) 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 1. OpenADR donated to OASIS and UCAIug - UCA OpenADR Taskforce formed - OASIS EI TC formed 2. NIST Smart Grid, PAP 09 3. Honeywell Smart Grid - ARRA 80MW Auto-DR w/ SCE *OpenADR v1.0: http://openadr.lbl.gov/

  12. Manual Demand Response

  13. Comparison of End Use Strategies Global temperature reset migrated to State Energy Code

  14. OpenADR - Applications • Large Commercial and Industrial Demand Response • (Demand Bid, Capacity Bid, Peak Choice, Participating Load) • Price Response Notification and Automation • (Retail: Critical Peak Pricing)

  15. Over 50 vendors offer OpenADR clients

  16. OpenADR Pilots and Projects – FIX SCE

  17. Market Drivers • Policy • Smart Grid Standards effort • Ancillary Services • Dynamic Rates • Codes and Standards • Technology • Integration of Renewables • Energy Storage Technologies • PHEVs and EVs • Implementation • Utility Implementations • Smart Grid Investment and Demonstration Grants

  18. Opportunities and Challenges for the Building Industry • Characterizing building loads to evaluate types and magnitude of load shifting, shedding and limiting is available in any time and any day • Multi-objective optimization (energy, cost, emissions, DR/grid) • Model predictive control and fault detection • Medium and small commercial buildings • Training a workforce and developing tools

  19. Contact Information and OpenADR Links • Sila Kiliccote • Building Technologies Department • Demand Response Research Center • Phone: 510-495-2615 • Email: skiliccote@lbl.gov • DRRC – OpenADR Links and References • DRRC Website: http://drrc.lbl.gov/ • OpenADR Website: http://openadr.lbl.gov • OpenADR Version 1.0 Specification: http://drrc.lbl.gov/openadr/pdf/cec-500-2009-063.pdf • OpenADR Development documents: http://drrc.lbl.gov/openadr/docs.html • OpenADR Strategies and Tools: http://drrc.lbl.gov/tools-guides.html • UCA Open Smart Grid (OpenSG) Docs: http://osgug.ucaiug.org/Shared%20Documents/Forms/AllItems.aspx • EPRI Report: Concepts to Enable Advancement of Distributed Energy Resources, February 2010, http://www.smartgridnews.com/artman/publish/Delivery_Command_Control_Resources/Concepts-to-Enable-Advancement-of-Distributed-Energy-Resources-1958.html

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