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“Pre-War”

“Pre-War”. Set up Cornell Notes. Secession. Record order of secession and the boarder states that did not secede. Note: Who is last to go?! . Rating the North & South. Who had more… of what?. Advantages of the North. The North had a far more extensive railroad network than the South.

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“Pre-War”

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  1. “Pre-War” Set up Cornell Notes

  2. Secession Record order of secession and the boarder states that did not secede. Note: Who is last to go?!

  3. Rating the North & South Who had more… of what?

  4. Advantages of the North • The North had a far more extensive railroad network than the South. • How does this give them an advantage?

  5. Resources:North Advantage

  6. Overview of Northern Advantages • Larger pop. • North 22 million • South Only 9 million • More ships • Larger, more efficient railroad system • Lincoln - Very intelligent and dedicated • More industry - 81% of nation’s factories • Better banking system to raise $ for the war • 75% of nation’s wealth

  7. Overview of Northern Disadvantages • Fought on Southern lands • Divided support for the war in the North • Many believed the South had good chance of winning

  8. Southern Advantages • Fighting a defensive war • Local support of all men • familiarity with terrain • Motivation: seeking independence, unified support • Experienced officers • (Lee, Jackson, Pickett) • Cotton - necessary for textile factories of England and France • Slave Labor in the early part of the war

  9. Plans for War: The North • “Anaconda Plan” • Blockade the South. • Keep out resources • Not allow Cotton ($) out of South • Control Mississippi River • Cut C.S.A. in two • Take Richmond, VA. • Confederate Capital • ~100 miles from D.C

  10. Plans for War: The South • Simple Strategy • Defend their new territory • Easier to defend than attack • Wait out the North • North would get tired of war • North didn’t have full support • Help from Europe • France/ Eng. depended on cotton

  11. War Begins: Fort Sumter, SC • April 12, 1861: Charleston, SC • Fort held by Maj. Anderson with 85 soldiers (moved from Ft. Moultrie) • Anderson was running out of food • Southerners continuously threatening attack • Charleston Battery led by Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard

  12. Bombardment of Sumter • Beauregard (Confederate General) had been Anderson’s favorite student at West point. • Beauregard began firing at 4:30 am • Anderson rarely returned fire (little ammunition). • Cannon fire lasted more than 24 hours before Anderson surrendered. • The only casualties came from the salute after surrender Maj. Anderson Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard

  13. Manassas/ Bull Run • First major land battle • 27 miles from D.C near Manassas, V.A. • Spectators came to watch • ~60,000 men fought all day. • Total casualties: ~4878 men. • T.J. “Stonewall” Jackson got his name @ Henry’s Hill

  14. Manassas/ Bull Run • Southern Reinforcements routed the “Yankees” • The disorganized retreat ran over wounded men & spectators. • Northern Soldiers ran all the way back to DC Both sides were surprised by horrors of war. Knew then it would not be a “quick affair”.

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