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Pricing Strategies. Part of the Marketing Mix (Product, Price, Place, Promotion). Cost-Oriented Pricing Producers calculate the COST of making a product, then add preferred profit. Markup Pricing. Cost-Plus Pricing. Commonly used by wholesalers & retailers Expressed as a percentage
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Pricing Strategies Part of theMarketing Mix (Product, Price, Place, Promotion)
Cost-Oriented PricingProducers calculate the COST of making a product, then add preferred profit Markup Pricing Cost-Plus Pricing • Commonly used by wholesalers & retailers • Expressed as a percentage • Ex: We want to make a 20% profit on this item • Item costs $10 to make • We charge $12 to buy it • 10 * 1.2 = 12 • Ex: Product sells for $175 & costs us $75 • What is the markup? • 175 – 75 = 100 • 100/75 = 1.33 = 133% • Let’s check it backwards • Commonly used by manufacturers & service businesses • Expressed as a $ amount • Example • Job costs $200 to perform • Add $100 as profit • Charge $300 to the client • 200 + 100 = 300
Demand Oriented Pricing (Target Pricing)What are consumers willing to spend on a product or service? Price is set in relation to the perceived value of the product/service
Law of Demand • How many of you would pay $400 for iPhone 4S? • Raise your hand • How many of you would buyone for $50? • Raise your hand • The higher the price, the lowerthe demand • The lower the price, the higherthe demand
Psychological Pricing Based on the theory that certain prices have a psychological impact Retail prices expressed as "odd prices“ or a little less than a round number • Examples • $7.99 vs. $8.00 • $19.99 vs. $20.00 • $199 vs. $200
Pricing Policies & Product Life CycleIntroducing a new product