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The Current State of Women’s Health January 24, 2005

The Current State of Women’s Health January 24, 2005. Paula A. Johnson, MD, MPH Chief, Division of Women’s Health Executive Director, Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology. Source: CDC, NCHS, Health, United States, 2004. Health Problems Among Women.

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The Current State of Women’s Health January 24, 2005

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  1. The Current State of Women’s HealthJanuary 24, 2005 Paula A. Johnson, MD, MPH Chief, Division of Women’s Health Executive Director, Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology

  2. Source: CDC, NCHS, Health, United States, 2004

  3. Health Problems Among Women Source: U.S. Rates from CDC 2000; Jacobsen et al. Clin. Immun & Immunpath 1997; U.S. Rates from CDC 1997 & 1994 Natl Health Interview Survey of Disability

  4. Source: CDC, Office of Women’s Health, 2001; CDC, NCHS, Deaths: Leading Causes for 2001.

  5. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004, "U.S. Interim Projections by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin,"

  6. Source: CDC, NCHS, Health, United States, 2004

  7. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2004 Annual Social and Economic Supplement.

  8. Sex- and Gender-Based Differences Example: Cardiovascular Disease In Women • Leading killer of women across all age groups • Women have first heart attack on average 10 years later than men, but are more likely to die from their first one • Women may experience different symptoms than men • Some risk factors for cardiovascular disease (i.e. diabetes) have increased prevalence and negative impact on women • Women tend to be underdiagnosed and undertreated (both medications and procedures) • Underlying physiology may be different in women

  9. Sex Differences in Physiology of Heart Attack Male Artery Female Artery Source: Virmani R, et al. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20:1262-1275.

  10. Prevention Example: Cardiovascular Disease 83% heart disease deaths among women are preventable through controlling risk factors (hypertension, lipids, etc.) and healthy lifestyle. Source: NEJM, 2000, Jul 6;343(1):16022

  11. Workforce Issues Affecting Women’s Health Example: Mammography • Only 10% of the 20,000 U.S. radiologists who can interpret mammograms sub-specialize in breast imaging • Over 2/3 radiologists are reluctant to devote too much of their professional time to interpreting mammograms • The number of mammography facilities dropped 8.5% between 2000 and 2003 • In a 2000 survey of radiology residents, 64% would not consider a fellowship in breast imaging and 63% would not spend ³25% of their time reading mammograms. Sources: IOM “The Crisis in Mammography: Supply and Demand”; Bassett LW, et. al. Survey of Radiology Residents: Breast Imaging Training and Attitudes, Radiology, Jun 2003; 227: 862 - 869.

  12. What can be done? • Increase women’s access to health insurance and affordable, effective medicine • Learn more: Expand sex- and gender-based research with attention to the life cycle; promote analysis and reporting by gender/race groups; include women in clinical trials in greater numbers; translate research findings into practice • Find problems early: Continue improvements and innovations in screening and diagnosis of women’s health problems

  13. What can be done?(continued) • Prevention: Support and improve strategies to prevent illness and disability • Start young: Support healthy foods, physical activity, and smoking prevention in schools • Listen: Learn from women about what they want and need to improve and protect their health

  14. Contact Information Paula A. Johnson, MD, MPH Chief, Division of Women’s Health Executive Director, Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology Brigham and Women’s Hospital 75 Francis Street Boston, MA 02115 Phone: (617) 732-8985 Fax: (617) 264-5191 Email: pajohnson@partners.org

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