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Drug Forms and Routes of Administration

Drug Forms and Routes of Administration. Before FDA approval. Rx company must clearly state in what form or forms the drug will be manufactured Rx company must clearly state what routes of administration are determined safe and effective. Tablets.

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Drug Forms and Routes of Administration

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  1. Drug Forms and Routes of Administration

  2. Before FDA approval • Rx company must clearly state in what form or forms the drug will be manufactured • Rx company must clearly state what routes of administration are determined safe and effective

  3. Tablets • Drug form which contains dried powdered active drug • Contains binders and fillers to provide bulk and proper size • Many different types of tablets

  4. Scored Tablets • Indented line running across the top • Can easily be broken into two pieces with a knife to produce two doses

  5. Enteric Tablets • Covered with a special coating that resists stomach acid but dissolves in the alkaline environment in small intestines

  6. Slow-release Tablet • Provide a continuous, sustained release of a certain drug • Abb as SR slow-release or LA long acting

  7. Caplets- Tablets • Coated tablets in the shape of a capsule • Easier to swallow

  8. Lozenges- Tablets • Formed with a harden base of sugar , water and flavorings • never swallow • dissolve slowly in mouth

  9. Capsule • Comes in two varieties • generally easier to swallow

  10. Soft gelatin- Capsule • Manufactured in one piece in which the drug is in a liquid form inside the soft shell

  11. Hard shell- Capsule • Manufactured in two pieces that fit together and hold the drug which is in a powder or granular form

  12. Creams • A semisolid emulsion of oil and water- main ingredient water • emulsifying agent added to keep mixed

  13. Ointment • Semisolid emulsion of oil and water- main ingredient oil • normally applied to skin without precise measurement nitroglycerin- exception

  14. Lotion • Suspenion of an active drug in a water base

  15. Powder • Finely ground form of an active drug • can be contained in a capsule • glass vials- sterile water • packaged- water

  16. Liquids • Comes in one of 2 forms- Solution or suspension • Solution never need to be mixed • Solution drug fully dissolved

  17. Types of Solutions • Elixirs-alcohol & water base with added sugar & flavoring • Syrups-sugar, water & flavoring thicker • Tinctures- alcohol & water base used topically

  18. Liquid Sprays • Water & alcohol base • pump or aerosol spray • some dispened as foams

  19. Suspensions • Contain fine, undissolved particles of a drug suspended in a liquid base • Important to always shake before use

  20. Suspension Types • Water base- distilled or sterile • emulsion- fat particles & water • gel-suspended in a thicken water medium- does not have to be shaken

  21. Suppository • A solid base of glycerin or cocoa butter containing the drug • Rectal or Vaginal • Adult or pediatric sizes

  22. Transdermal • Consist of a multi-layered disk of a drug reservoir, a porous membrane and a adhesive layer to it to the skin • Patches

  23. Pellet/Bead • Drug can be implanted in the body in the form of a pellet or bead that slowly releases into tissue

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