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Korean National program on Fuel Cells: the way to Commercialization

This document outlines the fuel cell industry's role in achieving low carbon green growth in South Korea and the government's budget allocation for fuel cell R&D projects. It also discusses the technical issues, market expansion plans, and achievements in the fuel cell industry.

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Korean National program on Fuel Cells: the way to Commercialization

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  1. Korean National program on Fuel Cells: the way to Commercialization June 9, 2010 Seong-Ahn Hong Fuel Cell Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology

  2. Energy Situation in Korea • Primary Energy Import • Oil, Natural Gas, Coal • 5th crude oil importer • 2nd LNG importer • Energy Security - 10th in energy consumption (229.3MTOE) - Import 97% of primary energy - $ 66.7 Billion in 2006 • Environmental Issues - CO2 reduction • Energy Industry - Energy paradigm shifts from resources to technology - Fuel Cell: Economic growth engine for next generation

  3. Low Carbon Green Growth • Last August 15th in 2008, President Lee Myung-bak proclaimed “Low Carbon Green Growth” as his new development paradigm. “Green growth can not only minimize CO2 emissions and environmental damage, but provide a new growth engine and more jobs, enhancing the quality of life, protecting the environment and contributing to international efforts addressing climate change.”

  4. Budget of Government R&D Program 142 117.8 110.8 91.5 73 51.8 50.3 74.1 41.5 56.2 28.1 19.1 69 66.0 60.5 46.0 50.0 37.1 Budget breakdown in 2007 Hydrogen and Fuel Cell

  5. PEMFC for Transportation • Technical Issues • Stack Durability • Cost • Light Weight / Compactness • High & Low Temperature • Driving Range • Hydrogen Infrastructure • Market Penetration • R&D • Leading Company / Supplier of Key Components • Hydrogen Station • Demonstration • Investment / Budget • Code & Standard • Public Acceptance

  6. PEMFC R&D Projects - FCEV ▪ 80kW PEMFC for Passenger Car - Period: 2004 - 2009 - Budget: $ 35.9 million - Participants: HMC, KIST, etc. ▪ Low Cost, High Efficiency FCEV - Period: 2009 - 2012 - Budget: $ 25 million - Participants: HMC, KIST, etc. ▪ 200kW PEMFC for Bus - Period: 2005 - 2010 - Budget: $ 52.7 million - Participants: HMC, KIST, etc. ▪ High pressure hydrogen gas storage system for FCEV - Period: 2006 - 2009 - Budget: $ 88 million - Participants: HMC, KIMM, etc. ▪ Low Cost MEA Development - Period: 2008 - 2013 - Budget: $ 35 million - Participants: HMC, KIST, etc. ▪ Several R&D Projects Hyundai i-Blue (Sep. 2007)

  7. PEMFC Demonstration – FCEV • Operation Sites - Verification of FCEV technology - Feedback to R&D Programs - Participant: HMC - Period: 2006 – 2009 - Budget: $ 51.6 million (Seoul / Gyunggi) (Daejeon) (Ulsan) (Yeosu) (Jeju Island)

  8. FCV Development History (Hyundai-Kia Motors) • System : Fuel Cell Only • - Fuel : Compressed Hydrogen (350 bar) • System : Fuel Cell + Ni-MH Battery • - Fuel : Compressed Hydrogen (350 bar) • System : Fuel Cell + Li-Polymer Battery • - Fuel : Compressed Hydrogen (350 bar) • System : Fuel Cell + Li-Polymer Battery • - Fuel : Compressed Hydrogen (350 bar) • System : Fuel Cell + Super Capacitor • - Fuel : Compressed Hydrogen (350 bar)

  9. PEMFC Demonstration – FCEV

  10. - Expansion of Market with Minimum Government Support PEMFC Vehicle Roadmap ◇ Market Expansion ( ~2020) ◇ Initial Market Creation ( ~2015) • Creation of Initial Market by Demonstration with Full Support of Government Program • FCEV: 3,000 ( $ 50,000 / unit) • Fuel Cell Bus: 200 • H2Station: 20 places ◇ Monitoring and Initial Demonstration ( ~2012) • Low Volume Production Facility ( 1,000 units/yr) • FCEV: 200 ( $ 200,000 / unit) • Fuel Cell Bus: 20 • H2 Station: 20 places ◇ Validation and Monitoring ( ~2009) • Reliability and Cost Reduction Achieved • FCEV: 30 ( $ 500,000 / unit) • Fuel Cell Bus: 4 ($1,300,000/unit) • H2Station: 10 places

  11. PEMFC for FCEV(summary) • Market Creation Strongly Depends upon • R&D Breakthrough (Pt loading, new membrane) • Cost Reduction (mass production) • Hydrogen Infrastructure • Government Policy

  12. PEMFC R&D Projects - Stationary ▪ 1kW System Development for RPG (GS Fuel Cell, Fuel Cell Power) – completed in 2005 ▪ Fuel Processor Development for RPG – Period: 2006 – 2009 – Budget: $ 4 million – Participants: GS Fuel Cell, KIER ▪ BOP Development of RPG System ▪ 10kW System Development for Cogeneration - Period: 2006 - 2009 - Budget: $ 5.8 million - Participants: FCP, KIER • Target • - Durability: 50,000 h • - Efficiency: 32% electricity; 78% total • - Cost: US$ 15,000 / kW (2012)

  13. PEMFC Demonstration – RPG • Monitor and evaluate the real data to increase system durability and economic feasibility. • Support the Domestic Infra for the creation of Residential Power Generation Market. • Main Contractor: Korea Gas Corp. • Supplier: GS Fuel Cell, Fuel Cell Power • Class: 1 kW • Performance criteria : • - Efficiency: 32% electricity & 75% total • - 5,000hr Operation Required in a year

  14. RPG Monitoring Project Prime Minister’s Official Residence Seoul City Hall

  15. RPG Monitoring Project 1st year 3rd year 2nd year Category 400L <370L <370L System Size Hot water storage < 700L <650L <650L Electric > 30% > 32% > 33% Efficiency Total >70% > 75% > 78% Localization fuel processor inverter stack and heat recovery module Running time 3,000kWh 5,000kWh 10,000kWh 1kW steady operation Running Mode 500W, 750W, 1kW Pattern operation 500W, 750W, 1kW Pattern operation Auxiliary boiler no equipped equipped Install location indoor outdoor outdoor Grid grid connection grid connection grid connection Running Method remote control remote control computer Hot water discharge discharge fan cooling fan cooling Fuel natural gas natural gas natural gas

  16. RPG Monitoring Project Natural Gas Pipeline Network

  17. RPG Dissemination Plan 1kW Class PEMFC for RPG Ultimate Target Price : ~ $ 5,000/kW (2015)

  18. PEMFC for RPG(summary) • Market creation (and/or expansion) is another key factor for the commercialization of RPG system even though cost reduction and durability issue are achieved.

  19. MCFC R&D Projects • Target • - Durability: 40,000 h • - Efficiency: 45% electricity & 80% total • - Cost: US$1,500 / kW • 250kW External Reforming MCFC • Period: 2006 - 2010 • Budget: $ 46 million • Participants: KEPRI, POSCO, KIST • 300kW Internal Reforming MCFC • Period: 2007 - 2010 • Budget: $ 35.7 million • Participants: Doosan Heavy Ind., KIST, KIER 25kW (2000) 100kW (2005)

  20. MCFC components manufacturing facilities DOOSAN installed components manufacturing facilities with 2~5MW/yr capacity in early 2008 Slurry manufacturing system Tape casting machine Belt furnace Automatic electrode cutting machine

  21. P Blower 1 Anode recycle 3 M Natural Gas Thermo Compressor compressor Pre-reformer Heat exchanger Startup heater Desulfurizer Startup Heater B 2 Atmosphere PCS RO system Anode Raw Water DC Water treatment MCFC Stack Vaporizer AC Cathode 5 HEX Cathode recycle Vaporizer Catalytic Combustor Air 4 Startup heater Filter 300kW Prototype BOP Installation DOOSAN is now installing 300kW system and expects to finish it at the end of this year

  22. MCFC Demonstration Projects • Verification of MCFC technology • Acquisition of Operation technology • Development of BOP system • 4 DFC300 Units from FCE • Participant: POSCO • 1st Unit (Pohang) • Feed: LNG • Operation hour: > 15,000 hrs • 2nd Unit (Seoul) • Feed: ADG from Sewage Treatment • 3rd Unit (Kwangju) • Feed: LNG • University Dormitory • 4rd Unit (Korea South East Power Co., Ltd.) DFC300 at Pohang

  23. Seoul Pohang POSCO Power – FCE Alliance • MCFC Power Plant Factory • BOP Production from Aug. 2008 • Stack Assembly from Dec. 2010 • Site • Pohang • 207,000 m2 * Capacity: 50 MW/yr (120 MW/yr)

  24. IR MCFC Power Plant Incheon Ilsan Chucheon Nowon Bundang Tancheon Sangam Chungbuk Boryung Bugok Pohang Jeongju Gunsan Busan Yeosu Gwangju Operation Construction To be constructed

  25. Dissemination Plan (IR MCFC) • Cost of Feed-in-Tariff for Operation of 10MW in a year : 10MW X 1000kW X 24hr x 365days X 282won/kW • = 24.7 billion Won (= $ 25M) * POSCO Power’ Plan

  26. MCFC for Power Plant (summary) • Future direction of R&D for external reforming MCFC is very uncertain. • For internal reforming MCFC, market expansion entirely depends upon government support program and cost reduction.

  27. SOFC R&D Projects • Target • - Durability: 5,000 h (only for R&D) • - Efficiency: 34% electricity & 70% total • - Fuel: NG, LPG & Diesel • 5kW System Development for Cogeneration • Period: 2006 - 2010 • Budget: $ 13 million • Participants: KEPRI, Hyosung Heavy Ind., KIST • 100kW Tubular SOFC System Development • Period: 2008 – 2011 • Budget: $ 35 million • Participants: SDI, KIER • Development of manufacturing Technology for reliable parts of SOFC system • Period: 2009 – 2013 • Budget: $ 16 million • Participants: Posco Power, RIST, KIST, SNU • POSCO in-house project

  28. Government Support Programs

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