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Exploring Ancient Mathematics: From Prehistoric to Egyptian & Babylonian Math

Discover the origins of mathematics from prehistoric concepts of numbers to the advanced algebraic equations of Babylon and the geometric problems of Egyptian mathematics. From the Lebombo and Ishango bones to the Rhind and Moscow papyri, delve into the sexagesimal system, cuneiform writing, and groundbreaking theorems. Uncover ancient knowledge that laid the foundation for modern mathematics.

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Exploring Ancient Mathematics: From Prehistoric to Egyptian & Babylonian Math

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  1. ANCIENTMATHEMATICS by: Dumančić DinoFabijančić KrešimirGazdović KrunoViljevac Slaven

  2. INTRODUCTION • What is mathematics? • from Greek μάθημα máthēma: knowledge, study, learning • First use

  3. PREHISTORIC MATHEMATICS • Idea of the number • Lebombo bone • Ishango bone

  4. BABYLON MATHEMATICS • between 1800-1600 B.C. • sexagesimal system • cuneiform • algebraic and geometrical equations

  5. The Babylonian mathematical tablet Plimpton 322, dated to 1800 BC.

  6. sexagesimalsystem

  7. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Rhind papyrus • Moscow papyrus • Berlin papyrus

  8. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Number system:

  9. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Example: =?...

  10. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Berlin papyrus • Problem: the area of a square of 100 is equal to that of two smaller squares. The side of one is ½ + ¼ the side of the other. • Suggest knowledge of Pythagorean theorem • In modern term: x2 + y2 = 100  &  x = (3/4)y

  11. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS

  12. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Rhind papyrus •  found during illegal excavations • Approximation of PI: 3.16049 • Book 1: linear equations • Book 2: geometry problems • Book 3:  general expression for counting 2/3 of 1/n where n is odd

  13. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Moscow papyrus • Well known geometry problems • surface area and the volume of a frustum pyramid • Sphere surface • Beer recipe

  14. QUESTIONS?

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