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ANCIENT MATHEMATICS

ANCIENT MATHEMATICS. by : Dumančić Dino Fabijančić Krešimir Gazdović Kruno Viljevac Slaven. INTRODUCTION. What is mathematics? from Greek  μάθημα máthēma : knowledge, study, learning First use. PREHISTORIC MATHEMATICS. Idea of the number Lebombo bone Ishango bone. BABYLON MATHEMATICS.

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ANCIENT MATHEMATICS

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  1. ANCIENTMATHEMATICS by: Dumančić DinoFabijančić KrešimirGazdović KrunoViljevac Slaven

  2. INTRODUCTION • What is mathematics? • from Greek μάθημα máthēma: knowledge, study, learning • First use

  3. PREHISTORIC MATHEMATICS • Idea of the number • Lebombo bone • Ishango bone

  4. BABYLON MATHEMATICS • between 1800-1600 B.C. • sexagesimal system • cuneiform • algebraic and geometrical equations

  5. The Babylonian mathematical tablet Plimpton 322, dated to 1800 BC.

  6. sexagesimalsystem

  7. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Rhind papyrus • Moscow papyrus • Berlin papyrus

  8. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Number system:

  9. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Example: =?...

  10. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Berlin papyrus • Problem: the area of a square of 100 is equal to that of two smaller squares. The side of one is ½ + ¼ the side of the other. • Suggest knowledge of Pythagorean theorem • In modern term: x2 + y2 = 100  &  x = (3/4)y

  11. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS

  12. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Rhind papyrus •  found during illegal excavations • Approximation of PI: 3.16049 • Book 1: linear equations • Book 2: geometry problems • Book 3:  general expression for counting 2/3 of 1/n where n is odd

  13. EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICS • Moscow papyrus • Well known geometry problems • surface area and the volume of a frustum pyramid • Sphere surface • Beer recipe

  14. QUESTIONS?

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