Unit 2: Plate Tectonics Test Review

1. Unit 2:Plate Tectonics Test Review

2. What is the name of the SUPERCONTINENT that was once one land mass?

3. Pangaea

4. Wegener’s THEORY that best explains the movement of continents over millions of years is called ___.

5. Continental Drift Untold tragedies of Continental Drift. .

6. Name the 3 types of heat transfer.Here are some hints…

7. Types of Heat Transfer:

8. What is the boundary called where 2 plates pull away from each other or divide?What is this type of stress called?

9. Divergent BoundaryStress of Tension

10. New ocean floor is added at ___ boundaries, where the sea floor spreads apart.

11. Divergent

12. What is the boundary called where 2 plates crash or crunch into each other?

13. Convergent Boundary

14. The stress that presses rock at convergent boundaries is ____.A. tensionB. compressionC. shearing

15. Compression

16. When 2 continental plates crunch together very slowly, what may form?

17. A mountain range

18. When 2 plates converge in the ocean, what can form?

19. An island arc The Aleutian Islands The Caribbean Islands

20. What are 2 geologic features that may occur at divergent boundaries?

21. Rift Valley on continents: Seafloor Spreading creates new ocean floor: Basalt is the dark, fine textured igneous rock making up the oceanic crust.

22. True or False?Shearing is the stress that stretches rock thin at divergent boundaries.

23. FALSE!Tension stretches rock thin at divergent boundaries.

24. True or False? Shearing stresses rock so much that it breaks at strike slip faults.

25. TRUE!

26. What geologic event could occur at this famous transform boundary? Famous Fault in California!

27. Earthquakes! Most earthquakes occur at strike-slip faults, where rock is pushed in opposite directions

28. Geologists learn about the interior of Earth by studying __, which move through Earth when earthquakes occur. • Land formations • Seismic waves • Weather patterns

29. Seismic Waves

30. Which area in the picture is labeled to show where the earthquake is the strongest & most damaging?

31. The epicenter

32. After the rock is under stress it breaks. Where does the rock break? A crack/break in the crust is called a FAULT 

33. The FOCUS

34. What are the 3 types of seismic waves that move through Earth when an earthquake occurs?

35. Surface Waves

36. What process is shown below? Remember: Pay attention to the direction of the arrows!

37. Subduction:Where a dense plate dives under a less dense plate is a subduction zone.Rock can be “recycled” as it melts back into magma.Volcanoes may form & erupt here.

38. What causes the mantle rock to flow very slowly?

39. Convection Currents Cycles of slowly flowing melted rock are created as heat is transferred in the mantle.

40. When the earthquake happened near Japan, it was reported as a 9.0 on the Richter Scale. What does this number tell us about the earthquake? a. How much repairs will costb. The time of day the quake occurredc. The size/magnitude of the quaked. How long the quake lasted

41. c. The size/magnitude of the quake

42. The Indian Ocean earthquake off the coast of Sumatra had damage reports from people in particular locations. These reports were given as ROMAN NUMERALS with descriptions. What do we call this scale that is used to report damage? • Richter Scale • Mercalli Scale • Geiger Scale

43. b. Mercalli Scale (Remember our ‘Locating the Epicenter’ Radio Activity…)

44. True or False?Volcanoes may form at transform boundaries.

45. False • Volcanoes may form when plates converge or diverge.

46. A weak spot in Earth’s crust where magma comes to the surface is called a ___.

47. VOLCANO Magma forms in the mantle.

48. Label the pictures below. (Hint: They are areas of Geothermal Activity that show past or present volcanic activity) A. B.

49. A. GeyserB. Hot Spring

50. When a volcanic mountain collapses, what do we call the huge hole left behind?