Active Power Saving System APSS Technical Data Show

1. Active Power Saving System APSS Technical Data Show www.engarab.com

2. الشركة الهندسية العربية أ م ع القاهرةCairo جمهورية مصر العربيةRepublic Arab of Egypt www.engarab.com Arab Engineering AME

3. Objectives Functions A scientific project for power factor quality improvement and saving, by the reduction of current voltage harmonics, the improvement of electric motors efficiency and the reduction of active power consumption ( kwhr ) and currents at the building. The project includes the scientific study, design, and installation of:

5. The Advantages of theAPSSPanel • Egyptian product. • Achieves saving not less than 20% over the consumed active power for networks that are supplied through transformer. • Achieves saving not less than 30% over the fuel consumption for networks that are supplied through generators. • Power factor improvement that reaches up to 0.99 which makes the client benefits from avoiding paying penalties over the reactive power. • The network resistance is reduced due to the energy exchange between APSS unit & the different loads; therefore, the consumed current from the source is reduced. • APSSunit works on minimizing the network losses and acts as a voltage stabilizer to a certain extent which lids to reduce the consumed current from the source. • APSS unit can handle each phase separately which leads to balance the load of the network, therefore it minimizes the current flow through the neutral able of the network.

9. Manufacturing Origins for Our System:

10. Quality: Utmost attention to product quality and customer service are constants in DUCATI’s history and the main factors contributing to its success worldwide Ducati has always been one of the first companies in its field, in Italy and in Europe, to adopt the most modern standards and procedures in order to assure the highest level of product quality and reliability. The QUALITY SYSTEM of Ducati Energy APSS, capacitor division, as described in the Quality Manual, was one of the first in Italy to be approved by the BSI in accordance with ISO 9002 (EN 29002) procedures: Certificate of Registration N.FM 22-04 All this has been achieved thanks to fully automated and iterated production processes, completely new and innovative machines, production process control methods based on accurate specifications and the assigning of responsibility to operator at all levels. Capacitors systems and relays comply with the requirements set forth in EC Directives 73/23 and 93/68 (“Low Voltage Directive”). The harmonized European standards of reference are EN60861-1 and EN 60834.2. Nearly all models are certified international institutes and all the manufactured in full compliance with the requirements of said standards. The failure rate (for capacitors only) is 300 per 109 components hours (reliability according to DIN 40040).

11. • The specifications of the all capacitors of the two companies complies with IEC, NSI, IEEE, B.S.S. • The specifications of power controllers of the three companies complies with IEC, ANSI, IEEE, B.S.S.

12. • All companies complies with: IEC60289, IEC60076, VDE0532,VDE0106 part100, IEC 60831, VDE 0100, P.F., IEC60, VDE0105, IEC60050, IEC60529, VDE0560 part 46. •The specifications of the harmonic filters of the three companies compiles with IEC, ANS’I, IEE, B.S.S.

13. Ducati, Enes, Franco, Hager all products approval by: ISO 18001, 14001, 9001 CE (community European/TUV Rhineland. •TSE, •GOST-R •CCC, •KR, LR, ABS, BV, NK, GL The specifications of the product of the three Co, complies with IEC, ANSI, IEE, B.S.S.

14. •The meters comply to the electromagnetic immunity standards in tender specifications and the certification required. The specifications of the reactors of the three companies comply with IEC, ANSI, IEEE, B.S.S. PSU relies on a newtechnology that uses special capacitors, with unique specifications PSU relies on a new technology that uses special capacitors, with unique specifications

15. To Simplify Things to all of us... • You can’t move the wheelbarrow • (active power delivery) • unless you lift the arms! • (reactive power)

16. Electrical Power Types Almost all bulk electric power is generated, transported and consumed in an alternating current (AC) network. Elements of AC systems produce and consume two kinds of Power: Real Power “P” (measured in watts) • It accomplishes useful work (e.g., running motors) Reactive Power (measured in vary). • supports the voltages that must be controlled for system reliability

17. Power Factor Power factor (Pf) = The cosine of the angle between Voltage and current signals = coos φ. Voltage φ Power factor (Pf) = The cosine of the angle between useful power and Total power = coos φ = (P/S) Current Motor Current Magnetic current S=Total Power (KVA) Q Magnetic Power (KVAr) φ φ P=Useful Power (KW) Useful current

18. Why improve Power Factor? The benefits that can be achieved by applying the suitable Power Factor correction are: • Environmental benefit. Reduction of power consumption due to improved energy efficiency. Reduced power consumption means less greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel depletion by power stations • Reduction of Electricity Bills • Extra kVA available from the existing supply • Reduction of I2R losses in transformers and distribution equipment • Reduction of voltage drop in long cables • Extended equipment life – Reduced electrical burden on cables and • electrical components 18

19. Electricity Bill! Penalty Equation For a PF between 0.72----0.92, the penalty per year in L.E (Pen.) is calculated as follows: (0.92-average PF) × USD Kwhr per year × 0.5 Pen. = For a PF below 0.72, the penalty per year in L.E (Pen.) is calculated as follows: (0.92-average PF) × USD Kwhr per year × 1.0 Pen. = Numerical Example Pen=30000 USD For 500000 Kwhr with PF 0.8, we get Pen=160000USD For 500000 Kwhr with PF 0.6, we get

20. Electricity Bill! Bonus For a PF above 0.92, the Bonus per year in L.E is calculated as follows: (PF-0.92) × Kwhr per year Bonus × 0.5 USD = Numerical Example Bonus=10000 USD For 500000 Kwhr with PF 0.96, we get

21. How to improve Power Factor? Power factor correction is achieved by the addition of capacitors in parallel with the connected motor or lighting circuits and can be applied at the equipment, distribution board or at the origin of the installation.

22. So, what is happening? System without Power factor correction System with Power factor correction Cosφ = (P/S) Cosθ = (P/S1) QC(VARS) P (Watts) φ θ QL-QC (VARS) S1(VA) QL(VARS) S (VA) Capacitors contained in most power factor correction equipment draw current that leads the voltage, thus producing a leading power factor. If capacitors are connected to a circuit that operates at a nominally lagging power factor, the extent that the circuit lags is reduced proportionately.

23. Now; we can say that Power factor correction succeeded in the following: • Decreasing the shift between P and S, thus increasing PF • Decreasing the reactive power Q, thus reducing or eliminating • the penalty from the electricity bill Power factor correction Failed in • Decreasing the active power “P”

24. That was yesterday What about Today? A P S S Leads a revolution and proudly introduces its new product Active Power Saving System APSS

25. APSS • PSU relies on a new technology that uses special capacitors, with unique specifications. • PSU Capacitors are chemically treated, such that they gain a • negative resistance PSU

26. NonAPSSCapacitors Used for PFC Positive Resistance Q S ≈880 PFC More P consumption P APSSCapacitors Used for PFC Negative Resistance Active Power Saving S Q Over-helping source PFC ? P

27. Positive versus NegativeResistance RLoad RLoad +VE RCircuit -VE RCircuit RCircuit = +1 ohm RLoad = 9 ohm I=100/(9+1) = 10 Amp. PLoad =102×9 = 900 watt PCircuit= 102 ×1= 100 watt PSource = V × I=1000 watt PSource = PLoad + Pcircuit Conclusion RCircuitacts as over-impeding voltage source RCircuit = -1 ohm RLoad = 9 ohm I=100/(9-1)=12.5 Amp. PLoad =12.52×9= 1406.25 watt PCircuit=12.52×1=156.25 watt PSource = V × I = 1250 watt PSource + PCircuit = PLoad Conclusion RCircuitacts as over-helping voltage source

28. APSS Why APSS ? 1- When used with loads supplied from an electrical network, it can save up to 40% of the Active Power 2- When used with loads supplied from Diesel generators, it can effectively save the amount of used fuel 3- When used with inductive loads, it can safely improve the PF, thus eliminating any penalties and gain Bonus 4- It has much less dimensions compared with PFC units 5- It operates automatically to suit different load variations 6- It has much simple design, and needs much less maintenance

29. APSS Why APSS ? 7- Our clients no longer need to increase their input power for further loadings, they can increase their loads up to 40 % without any changes in the feeders. 8- PSU is being Guaranteed by B-Tech for five complete years, through which professional maintenance and supervision is given 9- Has much competitive Price compared to the percentage saving, where the client mostly regain his investment in about one year 10- The usage of PSU simply reduces the end production marginal cost

30. Arab Engineering AME Cairo Arab Republic of Egypt 12 Agga St. – Safire Heliopolis الشركة الهندسية العربية القاهرة جمهورية مصر العربية 12 شارع أجا مصر الجديدة ميدان سفير مصر الجديدة Tel / Fax : + (202) 263 84 713 Mob : +20 111 99 68 552 info@engarab.com www.engarab.com

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