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Polar Remote Sensing. Presented by Beth Caissie. Remote Sensing. Observing something without being able to physically “see” or touch it. http://www.blogut.ca/2007/09/. http://www.space.gc.ca/asc/eng/industry/esa_canada.asp. Muir Glacier. 1941, William Field 2004, Bruce Molnia
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Polar Remote Sensing Presented by Beth Caissie
Remote Sensing • Observing something without being able to physically “see” or touch it http://www.blogut.ca/2007/09/ http://www.space.gc.ca/asc/eng/industry/esa_canada.asp
Muir Glacier 1941, William Field 2004, Bruce Molnia http://nsidc.org/data/glacier_photo/repeat_photography.html From the Glacier photograph collection. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology.
1909, Ulysses Sherman Grant McCarty Glacier 2004, Bruce Molnia http://nsidc.org/data/glacier_photo/repeat_photography.html From the Glacier photograph collection. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology.
Geostationary Satellite Maintains its position over a particular location as the Earth rotates beneath it
Polar Orbiting Satellites Near Polar Orbiting • Each satellite passes near the poles ~14 times daily • Multiple satellites: each location on Earth is imaged 4 times per day • Polar regions are imaged much more often
Polar Remote Sensing via satellites Jakobshavn Glacier, Greenland • Glaciers • Snow Cover • Lake Ice • Sea Ice • Permafrost • Productivity • Surface temperature • Volcanoes • Aurora Activity • And more… NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003300/a003395/index.html Historic calving front locations (in grey), 1851 through 1964, compiled by Anker Weidick and Ole Bennike. Recent calving front locations (in color), 2001 through 2006, derived from Landsat satellite imagery.
September 9, 2007 Arctic Summer Sea-Ice Extent 1979-2006 Data derived from Sea Ice Index data set. Credit: National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://nsidc.org/news/press/2007_seaiceminimum/images/20070917animation.mov
Arctic Summer Sea-Ice Extent • SSM/I Data: • Special Sensor Microwave/ Imager, operated by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program • Not affected by clouds! • Near polar orbiting satellite • Continuous record since 1979 • Very coarse resolution: • 25 x 25 km grid white > 15% ice coverage http://www.nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/
Sensing primary productivity Russia Alaska Quicktime movie compiled by Karen Frey, Clark University
Greenland Ice Sheet Temperature and Sea Ice NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio. The Next Generation Blue Marble data is courtesy of Reto Stockli (NASA/GSFC). http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003500/a003506/index.html
Volcanic Activity March 15, 2009: Mt Redoubt erupts in Alaska (100 mi south of Anchorage) Image by Cheryl Cameron, courtesy of AVO/ADGGS Image by Kelly Reeves, courtesy of Alaska Airlines http://www.avo.alaska.edu/activity/Redoubt.php
MODIS image used to track Mt Redoubt’s ash plume Colors are actually derived from thermal infared measurements. White = colder (The plume is white because it is so high—50,000’) http://geology.com/nasa/redoubt-ash-plume-satellite-images/