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Rocks and Minerals

Rocks and Minerals. Lessons 1-4. Rocks and Minerals. Lesson 1: Minerals. Lesson Objectives. What is a mineral?. Solids Inorganic - not living Natural - not made by humans and found in the ground D efinite crystal structure - atoms are arranged in a predictable way

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Rocks and Minerals

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  1. Rocks and Minerals Lessons 1-4

  2. Rocks and Minerals Lesson 1: Minerals

  3. Lesson Objectives

  4. What is a mineral? • Solids • Inorganic - not living • Natural - not made by humans and found in the ground • Definite crystal structure - atoms are arranged in a predictable way • Definite chemical composition

  5. Formation of Minerals • Form as magma and lava cools – known as crystallization • Form in water as precipitates - an insoluble solid that separates from a liquid solution • Can be weathered by physical and chemical methods • Form by changes in pressure deep beneath Earth's surface - as the pressure increases, minerals combine to become new minerals

  6. Properties of a Mineral Specific Gravity Streak Magnetism Acids Cleavage Luster Gonimeter Hardness

  7. Properties of a Mineral Streak

  8. Properties of a Mineral Cleavage

  9. Properties of a Mineral Luster

  10. Properties of a Mineral Gonimeter

  11. Properties of a Mineral Hardness

  12. Properties of a Mineral Acids

  13. Properties of a Mineral Magnetism

  14. Uses of Minerals • Uranium – fuel for nuclear power plants • Silver – electronics, jewelry, developing photographs • Lead – batteries • Bauxite – aluminum foil, soda cans, airplane parts • Copper – pipes, wire, other parts of industry • Gold – jewelry and industry • Other products that have minerals – lighbulbs, MP3 players, cereal, cell phones, furniture, powders

  15. Distribution of Minerals

  16. What and how to turn your work into your teacher: 1. Go to the “Assessments” tab: 2. Click on the “S1 Rocks and Minerals 01: Minerals”

  17. What and how to turn your work into your teacher: 3. Answer all questions and at the bottom check the box, and finally click “submit”.

  18. Rocks and Minerals Lesson 2: Rocks and the Rock Cycle

  19. Lesson Objectives

  20. Types of Rocks • Igneous Rocks – forms when magma cools and crystallizes

  21. Types of Rocks • Sedimentary Rocks – forms from the breakdown of rocks by physical and chemical means then compacts and cements together

  22. Types of Rocks • Metamorphic Rocks – forms when rocks and minerals are subjected to extreme changes in temperature and pressure

  23. The Rock Cycle Intrusive or Extrusive deposition lithification

  24. Let’s Review

  25. What and how to turn your work into your teacher: 1. Go to the “Assessments” tab: 2. Click on the “S1 Rocks and Minerals 02: Rocks and the Rock Cycle” For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at: www.flvsess.com

  26. Rocks and Minerals Lesson 3: Rocks and Minerals as Resources

  27. Lesson Objectives

  28. Similarities and Differences

  29. Mining Rocks and Minerals • Extract Rocks and Minerals from the Earth • Valuable – lots of uses in our daily lives • Mining Techniques • Consequences (pros and cons) • Ore • Reclamation • Economy • Environment • Society

  30. Mining Operations/Techniques • Depends on the type of rock or mineral being mined • Most have heavy machinery moved into the area and dig for the resource • Panning • Extraction from Caves • Dynamite

  31. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

  32. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

  33. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

  34. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly What else? ProsCons • Environmental Practices put into place • Build terraces to prevent erosion • Planting • Jobs • Reclamation • Destruction of Environment • Trees • Farmland • Houses • Erosion • Water shortages

  35. Case Studies

  36. Case Studies

  37. Case Studies

  38. What and how to turn your work into your teacher: 1. Go to the “Discover” tab page 3: Click on the “Lab Report” Complete Lab and attach to assessment ATTENTION HONORS STUDENTS: You have an additional assessment to complete For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at: www.flvsess.com

  39. Rocks and Minerals Lesson 4: Soil and Soil Conservation

  40. Lesson Objectives

  41. It’s Time for Vocabulary • Soil - a thin layer of material on Earth's crust composed of sediments, gases, moisture, and organic matter. • Organic Matter -

  42. It’s Time for Vocabulary • Soil - a thin layer of material on Earth's crust composed of sediments, gases, moisture, and organic matter. • Organic Matter – decomposing plant and animals material or DOM (dead organic matter) • Soil Composition - the types of materials that make up soil • Parent Rock - the primary rock type that forms the soil

  43. Soil Horizons Climate is important in determining the types of soils that form Parent Rock

  44. Soil Type by Color

  45. Soil Type by Grain Size

  46. Soil Type by Texture

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