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DO NOW:. Take papers from side counter Write down your homework Try the Analyzing pH worksheet. Homework: NONE. Enzymes!. For example: Enzymes in stomach called PEPSIN help digest proteins you eat Enzymes in tears called LYSOZYME help prevent infections by breaking down bacteria

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  1. DO NOW: • Take papers from side counter • Write down your homework • Try the Analyzing pH worksheet Homework: NONE

  2. Enzymes!

  3. For example: Enzymes in stomach called PEPSIN help digest proteins you eat Enzymes in tears called LYSOZYME help prevent infections by breaking down bacteria Enzymes called TRYPSIN are used to make baby food- it predigests the food so that babies can digest it easier themselves Enzymes are special proteins that can speed up a chemical reaction

  4. Animation on the importance of having enzymes

  5. Enzymes work by a LOCK AND KEY mechanism.

  6. Enzyme Vocabulary • SUBSTRATE- the piece that fits into the enzyme • ACTIVE SITE- the location where the substrate fits into the enzyme • PRODUCTS- the result of the reaction

  7. This means that only one SUBSTRATE can fit a certain type of enzyme, just like only one key can open a certain lock. A SUBSTRATE is the thing the enzyme does work on

  8. Enzyme is speeding up the process of this molecule breaking apart

  9. Enzyme is speeding up the process of these molecules coming together

  10. Denaturing Enzymes • Denaturing an enzyme means that the shape has changed so it cannot fit it’s substrate anymore. Things that can denature an enzyme: • Changes in temperature • Changes in pH

  11. Enzyme animation: specificity, denaturing http://www.lewport.wnyric.org/jwanamaker/animations/Enzyme%20activity.html

  12. EnzymePre-Lab

  13. Potato contains an enzyme called CATALASE FYI: Most enzyme names end with “ASE”

  14. This enzyme turns HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (H2O2)into WATER (H2O) and OXYGEN (O2)

  15. This is important because HYDROGEN PEROXIDEcan damage cells. So the enzyme turns it into WATER before it does any harm

  16. Like any enzyme, CATALASE can be DENATURED. Things like temperature changes and pH changes can effect how well an enzyme works.

  17. For example, your stomach is very acidic- it has a pH of about 2. The enzymes in your stomach work well in a pH of 2. But, if you move these enzymes into say water (a pH of 7) they WILL NOT WORK. Enzymes only work in the environment they were made for. Enzymes are very specific- they only work with one SUBSTRATE and they only work in very specific conditions.

  18. In Our Lab… • The enzyme is CATALASE • The substrate is HYDROGEN PEROXIDE • The product is WATER and OXYGEN • You will know the reaction is occurring by the FIZZING

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