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Aquatic and Terrestrial Oxygen Exchange in Nature

Explore the intricate respiratory systems of marine creatures like sharks and beetles to land animals such as humans and llamas. Witness how gills, lungs, and spiracles function to facilitate oxygen exchange in diverse species. From flatworms to pigeons, uncover the marvels of adaptation to varying environments.

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Aquatic and Terrestrial Oxygen Exchange in Nature

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  1. Photo 49.1 Flat body of polyclad (Pseudoceros monteregensis) is exposed to seawater.

  2. Photo 49.2 Channels in sponges bring each cell in contact with oxygen-containing seawater. LM.

  3. Photo 49.3 Blood vessels in shark gill carry oxygen. LM, H&E stain.

  4. Photo 49.4 Gills in freshwater larva of dobson fly (Corydalis sp.).

  5. Photo 49.5 Gill slits of shark: filaments, laminae, hyaline cartilage. LM, H&E stain.

  6. Photo 49.6 Spiracle of a diving beetle (Dytiscus marginalis).

  7. Photo 49.7 Water beetle (Tropisterum sp.); air bubble on ventral surface.

  8. Photo 49.8 Trout gill 12×: gill rays, septum, hemibranches. LM.

  9. Photo 49.9 Trout gill 40×: gill rays, cartilage. LM.

  10. Photo 49.10 Pigeon lung: mesobroncus, parabronchi. LM.

  11. Photo 49.11 Human lung: intrapulmonary bronchus, pulmonary artery branch, alveoli. LM.

  12. Photo 49.12 Human lung 10×: alveolar walls and vascular network. LM.

  13. Photo 49.13 Human lung 64×: alveoli; walls filled with red blood cells. LM.

  14. Photo 49.14 Llamas are adapted for oxygen exchange at high altitudes.

  15. Photo 49.15 Human lung tissue; asbestos (irregular dark shapes) absorbed by macrophage. TEM.

  16. Photo 49.16 Radioactive plutonium particle in alveolar tissue of human lung. Autoradiographic SEM

  17. Photo 49.17 Spiracles visible (row of dots) on the side of a hornworm, Manduca quinquemaculata.

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