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Multimedia Training Kit

Multimedia Training Kit. Antenna. Antenna. In a wireless system, antennas are used to convert electrical waves into electromagnetic waves. Antenna Gain. The amount of energy the antenna can ‘boost’ the sent and received signal by is referred to as the antennas gain.

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Multimedia Training Kit

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  1. Multimedia Training Kit Antenna Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  2. Antenna • In a wireless system, antennas are used to convert electrical waves into electromagnetic waves. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  3. Antenna Gain • The amount of energy the antenna can ‘boost’ the sent and received signal by is referred to as the antennas gain. • Antenna gain is measured in: • dBi - relative to an isotropic radiator • dBd - relative to a dipole radiator • The relationship between dBd and dBi can be represented in the following equation • 0 dBd = 2.15 dBi • In most cases, we use dBi as our antenna gain measurement. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  4. Antenna Type • Access Point • Omnidirectional • Sectoral Antenna • Client or Point To Point • Yagi • Parabolic Reflector • Tin Can Antenna Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  5. At the Access Point • Omnidirectional Antenna • Sectoral Antenna Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  6. Omnidirectional Antenna • Omnidirectional antennas have normally a 360-degree RF radiation from it. • It is normally vertically polarized E-field. • Omnidirectional antenna gain is normally low around 3 to 12 dBi. • It is used for Point-to-Multi-Point (P2MP) links. • It is quite good for 1-5 km coverage, especially if the client uses high gain directional antenna. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  7. Omnidirectional Antenna • Ref: RFLinx http://www.rflinx.com. • Model RFDG140 6.5 dBi. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  8. Omnidirectional Antenna • Ref: YDI.COM http://www.ydi.com • Mode: A2408, A2412-D, A2412-O gain 8 dBi and 12 dBi. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  9. Omnidirectional Antenna • Ref: Evercom Taiwan http://www.evercom-ind.com • Model OM88LNF 12dBi length 121cm Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  10. Omnidirectional Antenna • Ref: jbudisantosa@groundsys.com. • Homebrew 6 dBi antenna 75 cm length Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  11. Sectoral Antenna • Sectoral is used for the Access Point to serve a Point-to-Multi-Point (P2MP) links. • Some sectoral antennas are vertically polarized, some horizontally polarized. • It has higher gain of 10-19 dBi. • Good for serving an area of 6-8 km distances. • It has narrow horizontal beam-width to about 45-180 degree. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  12. Sectoral Antenna • Ref: YDI.COM • Model A2.45LP14 vertically polarized 180 deg. sectoral antenna. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  13. Sectoral Antenna • Ref: Evercom Taiwan http://www.evercom-ind.com • Model FG-Panel-56LB 19dBi Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  14. Sectoral Antenna • Ref: johny@marscyber.net • Homebrew 16 dBi sectoral. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  15. At Client / Point To Point • Parabolic Antenna • Flat Panel Antenna • Tincan Antenna Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  16. Radome Enclosed Antenna • Ref: YDI.COM http://www.ydi.com • Model P2412 12dBi. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  17. Yagi Antenna • Ref: Kenbotong Communication Ltd. Taiwan http://www.kenbotong.com • Model TDJ-2400C15 Gain 13 dBi Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  18. Parabolic Antenna • Ref: RFLinx http://www.rflinx.com • Model RFL-MANT19 & RFL-MANT24. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  19. Parabolic Antenna • Ref: Tongyu Communication Equipment Co Ltd. , Guangdong, China http://www.tycc.cn • Model PST-2424C-08-GS High Gain 24 dBi Grid Parabolic Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  20. Flat Panel Antenna • Ref: YDI.COM http://www.ydi.com • Model FP12 & FP18, 12 & 18 dBi. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  21. Backhaul Antenna • High Gain Antennas for Long Range Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  22. Antenna Polarization • Electromagnetic radio signal propagate through the air in two polarizations, electric field (E-field) or magnetic field (H-field), crossing 90-degree each other. An antenna polarization is relative to the E-field of antenna. • If the E-field is horizontal, than the antenna is Horizontally Polarized. • If the E-field is vertical, than the antenna is Vertically Polarized. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  23. Antenna Polarization • No matter what polarity you choose, all antennas in the same RF network must be polarized identically regardless of the antenna type. • Using a correct polarized antenna, it would be possible for us to: • Increase isolation on unwanted signal source. Cross polarization (x-pol) discrimination is around 20-25 dB. • Reducing interference. • Defining coverage area. Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

  24. Horizontally Polarized. Vertically Polarized. Antenna Polarization Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org

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