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Review: Youth Fitness

Review: Youth Fitness. Skill- & Health-related fitness Involvement in PA over time/with age 2008 PA guidelines Recommendations? Value? Norm- & Criterion-referenced standards. Psychological Measurements in Sport and Exercise. HPHE 3150 Dr. Ayers.

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Review: Youth Fitness

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  1. Review: Youth Fitness • Skill- & Health-related fitness • Involvement in PA over time/with age • 2008 PA guidelines • Recommendations? • Value? • Norm- & Criterion-referenced standards

  2. Psychological Measurements in Sport and Exercise HPHE 3150 Dr. Ayers

  3. Psychological FactorsAffecting Sport Performance • Anxiety • Concentration • Confidence • Motivation • Mental preparation • Personality

  4. Affective Domain • Trait vs. State Stable/ConsistentSituational • General vs. Sport Specific TEOSQ Anxiety Assessment for Wrestlers • Dimensionality • Hard to isolate one component of most characteristics

  5. Cautions • Measurement errors • One's own knowledge/limitations • Test purpose • Used how? Shared with whom? • Validated for sample/situation intended • Team selection • Participant feedback

  6. Measurement in theAffective Domain Quantitative (#s) Qualitative (text) Quantitative (#s) Likert scales (1-5) Semantic Differential (slow-fast)

  7. Likert Scales • Assume equal response intervals • Widely used in attitude inventories • Allow wider choice of expression than Y/N • Using multiple intervals can improve reliability (to a point; 5-7 max)

  8. Table 12.2: Scaled Responses

  9. Semantic Differential Scales • Use bipolar adjectives (extremes) • Choose point between extremes to reflect feelings • Three factors measured with these scales • Evaluation (degree of goodness) • Potency (strength of concept being rated) • Activity (describe action)

  10. Semantic Differential Evaluation (degree of goodness) Pleasant Unpleasant Fair Unfair Honest Dishonest Good Bad Successful Unsuccessful Useful Useless

  11. Semantic Differential Potency (strength of concept) Strong Weak Hard Soft Heavy Light Dominant Submissive Rugged Delicate Dirty Clean

  12. Semantic Differential Activity (describe action) Steady Nervous Happy Sad Active Passive Dynamic Static Stationary Moving Fast Slow

  13. Table 12.3Semantic Differential Scales

  14. Measurement in theAffective Domain Qualitative (descriptors) Interviews Good listener Tape record or take notes Observation Videotape Be unobtrusive

  15. Scales used in Sport andExercise Psychology • Sport Competition Anxiety Scale (p. 331) • Competitive State Anxiety Inventory – 2 (p. 333-3) • Attitudes Toward Physical Activity (p. 357) • Children's Attitude Toward Physical Activity (p. 337) • Physical Estimation and Attraction Scale (p. 338) • Trait and State Sport Confidence Inventories (p. 340) • Group Environment Questionnaire (p. 341; Ex Phys)

  16. Kenyon’s Attitude TowardPhysical Activity (ATPA) • Social experience • Health and Fitness • Pursuit of vertigo (thrill/excitement) • Aesthetic experience • Catharsis • Ascetic experience (self-denial; work) 6 Dimensions of ATPA:

  17. General Psychological Scales Used inSport and Exercise • Self-Motivation Inventory (p. 344; useful for Ex Phys program leaders  drop-outs) • Profile of Mood States (p. 346; individualize) • Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style (p.347) • Width (broad to narrow) • Direction (internal to external)

  18. Stages of Change for Exerciseand Physical Activity(p. 349) • PrecontemplationNo intention to change behavior • ContemplationIntention to change behavior • PreparationPreparing for action • ActionInvolved in behavior change • MaintenanceSustain behavior change • As a fitness leader in a corporate wellness program, how could the SOC help you increase employee participation in PA program?

  19. Tell a friend one thing you can use psychological assessments for in your profession. Decide what tool you would realistically use and bring a copy of that inventory to next class: • COMPLETE instrument • Administration instructions • Scoring instructions & tally sheet (if needed) • Validity & reliability information

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