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Arthropods & Echinoderms

Arthropods & Echinoderms. Mrs. Wetzel Biology. Review. 6 Kingdoms …..Eukarya…Archaea…Protista….Fungi…..Plants….Animals. Review. Prokaryotes?. Review. Prokaryotes Eukarya Archaea . Review. Protista- Three kinds?. Review. Protista Plant- like Animal- like Fungus- like . Review.

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Arthropods & Echinoderms

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  1. Arthropods & Echinoderms Mrs. Wetzel Biology

  2. Review • 6 Kingdoms …..Eukarya…Archaea…Protista….Fungi…..Plants….Animals

  3. Review • Prokaryotes?

  4. Review • Prokaryotes • Eukarya • Archaea

  5. Review • Protista- Three kinds?

  6. Review • Protista • Plant- like • Animal- like • Fungus- like

  7. Review • Fungus • Made of Chitin

  8. Review • Plants?

  9. Review • Plants • Non Vascular = Mosses • Vascular No Seed = Ferns • Seed Plants • Angiosperms= Flowering Plants • Gymnosperms= Cone Plants

  10. Phylum Porifera Cnidarian Worms Molluska Arthropods Echinoderms Non Vertebrate Chordates Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals Animals

  11. What is an Arthropod? • Arthropods have a segmented body, a tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages • The Exoskeleton is made of chitin • Appendages can be “feet” or antennae

  12. Evolution of Arthropods • The evolution of arthropods has led to more specialized appendages and fewer body segments

  13. Evolution of Arthropods Modern arthropods include insects, spiders, centipedes, shrimp, and crayfish.

  14. All arthropods are the descendents of a single common ancestor. Just as you and your biological cousins can trace your ancestry back to a common set of grandparents, all arthropods can trace their ancestry back to a common arthropod ancestor. Any species descended from that ancestor is an arthropod. And any species not descended from that ancestor is not an arthropod.

  15. Feeding Arthropods have a varied type of nutrition. Their mouthparts vary depending on what they eat.

  16. Respiration • Tracheal tubes- air filled spiracles that extend the length of the body. • Book lungs “pages” of respiratory tissue • Book Gills

  17. Circulation • Arthropods have an open circulatory system. • Fairly well developed heart/ hearts

  18. Excretion • Malpighian tubules- extract waste from the blood then add it to the solid waste moving through the gut

  19. Response • Very well developed nervous system • Brain & Ganglia

  20. Movement • Muscles attached to the exoskeleton allow the animals to move

  21. Reproduction • Terrestrial = internal fertilization • Aquatic= external fertilization

  22. Growth • Molting- When an arthropod becomes too large it sheds it’s exoskeleton and then manufactures a new one.

  23. Classification • Crustaceans • Chelicerates • Uniramians

  24. Crustaceans • Two pairs of branched antennae, • Two or three body sections, • Head/ Thorax • Head/ Thorax/ Abdomen • Mouthparts are called mandibles

  25. Crustaceans • Crabs, shrimp, lobsters, crayfish= aquatic • Pillbugs= Terrestrial

  26. Crustaceans • Aquatic Crustaceans use swimmeret's to move

  27. Chelicerates • Chelicerates have mouthparts called chelicerae • Four or five pairs of legs • Two body sections • Cephalothorax/ Abdomen

  28. Chelicerates • Spiders • Ticks • Mites • Horseshoe crab • Scorpions

  29. Horseshoe crab • Oldest living arthropods • Remember a crab is not a crustacean! • A horseshoe crab is a chelicerate

  30. Spiders • Largest group of arthropods • DO not have Jaws for chewing- they liquefy their food then suck the fluid into their stomach

  31. There are about 2,000 kinds of spiders in the United States. Of these, only a few species are considered to have bites that are of medical importance. Spiders are very shy creatures. Most people get bitten because they are cleaning an area that has not been cleaned for a long time and they disturb a spider's web or nest. Spiders are often blamed for many more bites than they actually commit. In general, most spider bites will not harm most people except for slight discomfort for a limited time after being bitten. A few individuals may be hypersensitive to the bites of a particular species, but this allergic reaction won't be known until after the person gets bitten.  Although only a few spiders are toxic or cause allergic reactions, if one has been bitten, it can be important to save the spider for identification purposes.  Unlike the majority of spiders, black widow and brown recluse spiders are of concern because their venom contains toxins, that can cause medical problems.

  32. Mites & Ticks • Small & Parasitic • Lyme disease • Rocky mountain Spotted fever

  33. Scorpions • Scorpions can chew their prey • Pedipalps are enlarged into claws

  34. Uniramians Uniramians have jaws, one pair of antennae, UNBRANCHED appendages

  35. Uniramians • Classification • Chilopods • Diplopods • Insecta

  36. Chilopods • Centipedes • Carnivores • One pair of legs on each segment

  37. Diplopods • Millipedes • Each segment has two legs • Feed on dead and decaying plant material

  38. Insects • Body Divided into three parts Head/ Thorax/ Abdomen Three pairs of legs

  39. Metamorphosis • Insects go through metamorphosis- which is the changing of shape & form

  40. Lots of them • Insects make up approx. 45% of the worlds biomass • 26- 30 orders • New or recently evolved insects are being discovered all the time

  41. Echinoderms • An echinoderm is characterized by: • spiny skin • radial symmetry • INTERNAL skeleton • Water Vascular System • Tube feet- suction cup

  42. CLassification • Crinoidea- • Sea lilly • Feather Star

  43. Asteroidea • Sea stars • Star shaped • Bottom Dwellers

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