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Seedless Table Grapes 2009 Update

Seedless Table Grapes 2009 Update. Judith Reith-Rozelle Assistant Superintendent University of Wisconsin, West Madison Agricultural Research Station 8502 Mineral Point Road Verona, WI 53593 jreithrozell@wisc.edu. Seedless Table Grape Trials. Third Year Trial Data:

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Seedless Table Grapes 2009 Update

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  1. Seedless Table Grapes2009 Update Judith Reith-Rozelle Assistant Superintendent University of Wisconsin, West Madison Agricultural Research Station 8502 Mineral Point Road Verona, WI 53593 jreithrozell@wisc.edu

  2. Seedless Table Grape Trials • Third Year Trial Data: • Variety/Cultivar performance • Ripening Sequence • Cluster weights • Data collection/program for 2010 Judith Reith-Rozelle Assistant Superintendent West Madison Agricultural Research Station

  3. Seedless Table Grape Trial Design • Non-Replicated Trial • Established in June 2007 at West Madison Agricultural Research Station • Fifteen Grape Cultivars • Six Red • Five Blue • Four White • Three plants each variety

  4. Training Methods for Table Grapes • High Wire Cordon • Concord Seedless • Somerset Seedless • Mars Photos – Selections at West Madison and Peninsular Mid-wire Cordon with Vertical Shoot Positioning

  5. Grape Vine Development - 2009 • Spring - 2009 • No bud or cane damage on 12 varieties - low temp ( -28 degrees) • Bud damage • Glenora • Himrod • Reliance

  6. Fruit and Flower Formation • Controlled development of all fruit/flower production: removed all flower clusters in 07 – 08 – Thinned flower clusters 2009.

  7. Diseases/Insects • Diseases in Select Cultivars: • Sprayed all vines following recommended schedule and chemicals • Black Rot or Phomopsis - Marquis fruit/foliage • Powdery Mildew - Glenora and Marquis • Insect Pressure on Cultivars: • Japanese Beetles • Leaf Hoppers

  8. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Reds Blues • Canadice Concord Seedless • Einset Glenora • Reliance Mars • Saturn Trollhaugen • Somerset Seedless Venus • Vanessa Whites • Himrod • Interlaken • Lakemont • Marquis Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  9. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Red Seedless • Non-slipskin • Canadice (New York) • Mid-Season - 9/2/09 • Brix 18.10 • Fruit clusters compact • Flesh crisp • Flavor very spicy, sweet, complex Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  10. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Red Seedless • Einset(New York) • Early-Season - 9/20/09 • Brix 19.10 • Fruit clusters loose to open • Flesh tender to firm • Skin, thicker than other, nonslip • Flavor very unique complex Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  11. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Red Seedless • Reliance (Arkansas) • Mid-Season • Limited fruit 2009 - 4 clusters • Winter damage 2007 – vines froze to ground level • Replanted in 2008, due to possible herbicide damage Photo: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  12. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Red Seedless • Saturn (Arkansas) • Early-Season - 9/10/09 • Brix 17.1 • Fruit clusters very open • Pollination problem • Flesh crisp • Flavor very spicy • Seeds developed 2009 • Not small seed traces Photo: Courtesy of New York State, Agricultural Research Station - Geneva Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  13. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Red Seedless • Somerset Seedless(Elmer Swenson) • Early-Season – 8/14/09 • 8/20/09 sweeter -Brix 20.0 • 9/2/09 extremely sweet – Brix 22.1 • Fruit clusters open • Flesh tender to firm • Flavor spicy, complex Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  14. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Red Seedless • Vanessa (Ontario) • Mid-Season - 9/2/09 • Brix 16.3 • Fruit clusters very compact • Flesh crisp, firm • Flavor very fruity, sweet, spicy • No seed remnant Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  15. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • White Seedless • Non slipskin • Himrod (New York) • Mid-Season • No fruit 2009 • Winter damage 2007 – vines froze to ground • Struggled in 2008, due to possible herbicide damage on new growth Photo: Courtesy of New York State, Agricultural Research Station - Geneva

  16. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • White Seedless • Interlaken (New York) • Early-Season - 9/20/09 • Brix 18.10 • Fruit clusters open • Flesh crisp, firm • Flavor very clean, sweet Photo: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  17. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • White Seedless • Lakemont (New York) • Early-Season - 8/27/09 • Brix 20.0 • Fruit clusters loose, open • Flesh melting, juicy • Flavor very spicy, clean, honey like (sweeter and more complex than Interlaken) Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  18. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • White Seedless • Marquis (New York) • Mid-Season - 9/10/09 • Brix 17.2 • Fruit clusters loose and v. open • Flesh melting, juicy texture • Bland, but fresh taste • Thompson like • Disease problems – Black Rot/Phomopsis Photos: Courtesy of Iowa State University

  19. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Blue Seedless • Slipskin • Resistant to feeding of Japanese Beetles • Concord Seedless • Mid-Season - 9/2/09 • Brix 21.5 • Fruit clusters very tight • Flesh juicy, melting • Dense, deep, Foxy/American flavor • Seeds in fruit two vines – no seeds in one - matured earlier Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  20. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Blue Seedless • Glenora (Arkansas) • Four clusters of fruit 2009 • Winter damage 2007 – vines froze to ground • Struggled in 2008, due to possible herbicide damage on new growth in 2007 Photo courtesy of Stark Brothers Nursery

  21. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Blue Seedless • Mars (Arkansas) • Mid-Season - 9/10/09 • Brix 21.8 • Fruit clusters tight • Flesh juicy, melting • Skin thinner than some other blues • Flavor dense, deep, spicy Photo: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  22. Seedless Table Grape Varieties • Blue Seedless • Trollehaugen (Arkansas) • Mid-Season - 9/10/09 • Brix 16.3 • Fruit clusters tight • Flesh melting • Flavor very sweet, deep, spicy Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  23. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Blue Seedless • Venus (Arkansas) • Mid-Season - 9/10/09 • Brix 17.8 • Fruit clusters very tight • Flesh melting • Flavor dense, deep, spicy – reminiscent of sweet, pink grapefruit Photo: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

  24. Ripening Sequence Fruit harvest and tasted on 8/14/09 were very sweet and ready for harvest – brix reading not taken Fruit sweet enough to harvest – sweeter taste on week later 2009 Favorites

  25. Standard Sizing for Fresh Market – Seedless Table Grapes Sizing - International Commercial Quality Standards for Agricultural Produce – Established by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Canada follows the UNECE standards

  26. Weight of Clusters and One Berry

  27. Seedless Table Grape Trials Fourth Year - 2010: • Seedless Table Grape Trial • Thin flower clusters to recommended rate for each cultivar • Apply gibberellic acid? • Monitor for disease and insect problems • Collect data on brix and acids • Trial at local market • Compile report on varieties Judith Reith-Rozelle Assistant Superintendent West Madison Agricultural Research Station

  28. Seedless Table Grape Trials Support 2007 - 2010 • Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Development & Diversification Program (ADD) – 2007 - 2009 • Wisconsin Grape Growers Association - New Grant for – 2010 -2011 • Support from winery in the state – staff training/financial • University of Wisconsin – Madison, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences • University of Wisconsin – Madison, Cooperative Extension

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