Feliz Lunes Mis Amigos!

1. Today: Announcements Position Paper Complex Timeline Review HW: Position Paper due Monday Feliz Lunes Mis Amigos!

2. Position Paper Purpose- Practice constructing a formal paper in preparation for the research paper coming after Winter Break. Prompt 1: What key factors led most to Germany’s strength and success at the start of WWII? Due: Typed – Monday

3. Position Paper Prompt 1: What key factors led most to Germany’s strength and success at the start of WWII? You may use documents provided to you by me as your sources or you may do your own outside research – its up to you regarding how you would like to approach the prompt. You must use in-text citations and provide a works-cited page.

4. Complex Timeline Review As a group you will create a complex and connected timeline- using the white paper on your desk – draw a line alone the bottom of the page. Make sure each write-up is accompanied by a date and is placed in the proper order along your timeline. Person 1: What year did WWI end? What were the impacts of WWI on Europe in general, and how did the treaty of Versailles, specifically how did they impact Germany, Italy and Japan. Person 2 – Who invented Fascism? What is Fascism and how did Fascism promote its ideals to new followers? When did Mussolini take power in Italy- What was the process by which he took power? Who was the existing government struggling against? When was the March on Rome? Person 3 – What year did Hitler launch his failed Beer Hall Putsch? What did he do while he was in jail? What were the positions he took in his writings? How did he gain power and prestige in Germany? When did he take power in Germany and what steps did he take to get to his position as Dictator of Germany? Person 4- What did Germany do in its initial military action before the start of the war? Who did they ally with (include year)? What was the rest of Europe's reaction? What steps could they have taken? What were some of the different opinions regarding their choice of reaction? What were the consequences of their reaction?

5. Now Rotate Is there anything you can add to the person’s timeline? Person 1 – When did the war officially start in Europe? What made Germany successful? When did France and Great Britain begin their military response to Germany’s expansion and violation of the Treaty of Versailles? Person 2: What period was Japan in prior to WWI? What changes were taking place? What was the goal of these changes? When did Japan Ally with Germany and Italy? Person 3: What did Japanese Imperialism look like? Where did they go? What were some of the characteristics that marked their invasion of China? Person 4:What were the reactions of the United States to Japanese Imperialism? What were the different phases of negotiation? What did the United States believe would be the outcome of these negotiations? When did Japan attack Pearl Harbor – What was the United State’s reaction to that attack?

6. Final Rotation Is there anything you can add to the portion of the timeline in front of you? As a group – decorate your timeline – there are no requirements for this section – the goal is for you to be as creative as you can in decorating your timeline. You can create symbols to represent each event, or a few detailed vignettes

7. Happy Thursday Y’all! Today: • Announcements – update on notebooks • Production Stats Activity • Begin - Lecture on War in Europe

8. WWII – A State of Total War World War II in Europe officially begins with the invasion of Poland. Society during WWII is in a state of total war, as almost everything in society is dedicated to the war effort. • Rationing of materials: Tires,Cars, Bicycles, Gasoline, Fuel Oil, Kerosene, Solid Fuels,Stoves ,Rubber, Shoes, Sugar, Coffee,Processed Foods,Meats, canned fish, Cheese, canned milk, fats Women and people of color, previously kept out of good factory jobs, enter the work forces in huge numbers to building plans, tanks and ships

9. WWII Production What can we learn from looking at production stats and troop numbers from World War II. Does the traditional equation of more men = more success hold true during the Second World War? With your partner, use the production charts to answer the questions on the last page. Raise your hand if you have any questions.

10. Happy Friday Friends! Today: • Have your notebook out and ready to go! • Questions on Position Papers • Lecture – War in Europe! EQ: How did WWII progress – what were the key turning points for the Allied and Axis powers?

11. WWII: Allied vs Axis Powers Allied Powers – United States, Great Britain, Soviet Union Axis Powers – Germany, Italy and Japan

12. The Soviet Union’s Winter War • Invasion of Finland 1939 • Finland was initially able to resist surrender due to their superior air force. • Ruled illegal by the League of Nations • Soviet Union is kicked out the League of Nations • Finland hoped League of Nations, Great Britain, France or Sweden would come to their aid- but no significant aid came in time. • Finland surrenders by signing the Moscow Peace Treaty

13. Battle of the Atlantic • This naval battle lasts the duration of the war. • Key aspect of WWII – Battles of Land, Air and Sea • Focuses mostly on ships bound from North America to Great Britain (and the Soviet Union). • Aimed at hurting the British supply chain. • While the United States is officially neutral at this point of the war, they are supporting their British allies by providing resources – oil, military technology and food.

14. Germany’s Next Steps Invasion of Norway – 1940 • Norway was seen as the gatekeeper to Sweden’s iron supply. • As with many battles of WWII, the focus was resources need to power the expansive war machines of this technical war. • Norway was also seen as a valuable sea power- Great Britain in particular desired access to Norway's Navy. • Great Britain and France again slow to join the efforts – Phoney War • Led to political changes in Great Britain – Neville Chamberlin out and Winston Churchill is in - A leader more focused on activating the British war effort is in.

15. The Soviet Union’s Winter War • Invasion of Finland 1939 • Finland was initially able to resist surrender due to their superior air force. • Ruled illegal by the League of Nations • Soviet Union is kicked out the League of Nations • Finland hoped League of Nations, Great Britain, France or Sweden would come to their aid- but no significant aid came in time. • Finland surrenders by signing the Moscow Peace Treaty

16. 1940 Invasion of France : Plan Yellow • Germany’s plan was to cut through the Ardennes Forest into France – Sichleschnitt • Blitzkrieg • France believed Germany would come through the Netherlands and that the Allies would cut them off there. • Germany successfully pushed Allied Forces all the way to sea • The Miracle of Dunkirk – Operation Dynamo • Evacuate surrounded British, French and Belgian Troops • Churchill’s Famous Speech – Harden’s Allied Resolve • Germany’s success • Establishment of the Vichy Regime in Northern France • Eventually Allied powers are able to push back German forces somewhat and divide France in half – South Free/North Occupied by Germany

17. Lend-Lease Act - 1941 • WWII Economic and Military Aid Program • United States supplied materials between 1941 and August 1945to: • Great Britain • Soviet Union • Republic of China •  Free France • other Allied nations • Signed into law on March 11, 1941, a year and a half after the outbreak of World War II in Europe in September 1939. • Nine months before the U.S. entered the war in December 1941. • Formally titled An Act to Further Promote the Defense of the United States, the Act caused Germany, Italy and Japan to question the United States' pretense of neutrality.

18. Battle of Britain • First battle in history that was all AIR to AIR combat • Luftwaffe’s goals in Britain: • Cripple the Royal Air Force (RAF) • Destroy the Coastal Defenses • Destroy the British Navy • Began a Massive Bombing Campaign in September 1940 London known as the London Blitz • Operation Sea Lion • Germany’s plan to invade the United Kingdom • Never Fully carried out – instead transferred into a bombing campaign

19. Invasion of Greece and Yugoslavia • April 6th, 1941 – Germans attack Yugoslavia and Greece • Defeat them successfully in only 3 weeks • Technology, Numbers and Production…

20. Invasion of Russia/Operation Barbarossa • Hitler and the Nazi’s were very suspicious of communists, began to see them as a greater and greater threat. – Major motivation for invasion of Soviet Union • Saw Soviet Union as a source of land and natural resources Germany could use • Goal of the Army Group Center was to Take Moscow – East • Eventually shift their focus to the south

21. Operation Barbarossa Cont.. • Hitler’s plan was to be quick – invade in the summer and avoid the winter. • Weren’t able to move quickly as they had before. • Russians refused to back down – burned their own cities to prevent Germans a place to stay. • Terrain was difficult • Lack of infrastructure prevented them from easily moving troops and supplies.