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Ch.9 The Storage Unit 存貯部件

Ch.9 The Storage Unit 存貯部件. S.4-5 CS&IT CE Course 中四及中五電腦與資訊科技會考課程. 基本貯存單位 Basic Memory Unit. 數據 和 指令 均以 二進制 數字 或 數位 來表示 Data and instructions are represented by binary digits or bits. 基本貯存單位 Basic Memory Unit. 8 位元 bits = 1 字節 bytes 8 位元的 字節 作為基本的存貯單位

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Ch.9 The Storage Unit 存貯部件

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  1. Ch.9 The Storage Unit 存貯部件 S.4-5 CS&IT CE Course 中四及中五電腦與資訊科技會考課程

  2. 基本貯存單位 Basic Memory Unit • 數據和指令均以二進制數字或數位來表示 Data and instructions are represented by binary digits or bits

  3. 基本貯存單位 Basic Memory Unit • 8 位元bits = 1字節bytes • 8位元的字節作為基本的存貯單位 The basic unit of memory is a byte

  4. 主存貯器 RAM 01 02 03 04 Read A 05 Read B 06 07 08 09 主存貯器 Main Memory • 有一個獨特的地址 has a unique address

  5. 主存貯器 RAM 01 02 03 04 Read A 05 Read B 06 07 08 09 主存貯器 Main Memory • 電腦會根據某個字節的地址，來存取該字節的數據或指令 Computer references bytes of data or instructions, it refers to their addresses 1byte

  6. 主存貯器 Main Memory • 中央處理器能把某個數目的二進制位視作一個單元，一次過進行處理，這個數目稱為字長 The number of bits that a CPU can processas a unit is called its word size • 字長越大，電腦處理的速率越高 The larger the word size, the faster the processing

  7. 主存貯器 Main Memory • 隨機存取存貯器 Random Access Memory (RAM) • 唯讀存貯器 Read Only Memory (ROM) RAM ROM

  8. 隨機存取存貯器 (RAM) • 貯存當前正要執行的程序及處理的數據 Holds the programs currentlybeing executed and the data being processed • 是一個暫時的存貯區域 A temporary storage area • 電腦被關掉後，貯存的內容會立即消失Stored contents immediately vanish when the computer is turned off

  9. 唯讀存貯器 (ROM) • 永久貯存由製造商裝入的系統程序和數據 holds system programs and data that are permanently recorded • 它是一個永久的存貯區 a permanent storage area • 內容只能被讀取，不能被重寫 contents of ROM memory can be read out, but cannot be written over • 電腦被關掉後，貯存的內容依然會被保留 stored contents will be retained when the computer is turned off

  10. 輔助貯存器Secondary Storages • 不能被中央處理器直接存取 NOT directly accessible by the CPU • 可永久貯存大量數據及程序以備將來之用 can hold large amount of data and programs permanentlyfor future use

  11. 輔助貯存器Secondary Storages • 輔助存貯器可分為兩種： Two main types of secondary storage devices: • 磁存貯設備 Magnetic storage devices • 光存貯器設備 Optical storage devices

  12. 1) 磁存貯設備Magnetic storage devices • 軟磁碟 Floppy disk • 軟磁碟上的數據是貯存在環形磁道上Data are organised on a floppy disk in rings called tracks • 每條磁道分為多個不可見的區域，稱為扇區 • Each track is divided into invisible section known assectors

  13. 磁存貯設備Magnetic storage devices • 軟磁碟機 • 透過軟磁碟機，我們可讀出貯存於軟磁碟上的數據，或把數據寫入軟磁碟中 A floppy disk drive is a machine that allows data to be read from a floppy disk or written onto a floppy disk

  14. 硬碟 Hard disk drive 磁存貯設備Magnetic storage devices • 硬磁碟 Hard disk • 由一塊或多塊金屬片組成的磁碟組 consists of one or more metallic platters organised into a disk pack

  15. A hard disk drive 磁存貯設備Magnetic storage devices • 硬磁碟在兩方面比軟磁碟優勝： Hard disks have two advantages over floppy disks • 容量較大larger capacities • 存取速度較快shorter access time VS.

  16. 可攜式的硬磁碟機 Removable hard disk drive 硬磁碟機 Hard disk drive 磁存貯設備Magnetic storage devices

  17. 磁存貯設備Magnetic storage devices • 磁帶 Magnetic tape • 最便宜的後備存貯媒體 the cheapest secondary storage medium • 適合用來貯存大量數據 suitable for storinga large amount of data

  18. 磁帶 Magnetic tape • 很少用於個人電腦上 seldom use with personal computers • 是小型電腦和大型電腦的主要備份貯存設備 primary means of backup for minicomputers and mainframes

  19. 盒式磁帶Cartridge Tape • 捲盤式磁帶 Reel-to-reel Tape 磁帶 Magnetic tape • 兩類常見的磁帶 two common types of magnetic tapes:

  20. 唯讀光碟 CD-ROM 光存貯器設備Optical storage devices • 唯讀光碟 Compact-disc Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) drive • 數據由生產商永久貯存在唯讀光碟內 Data are pre-stored permanently on a CD-ROM by the manufacturer

  21. 唯讀光碟機CD-ROM drive 光存貯器設備Optical storage devices • 唯讀光碟機 Compact-disc Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) drive • 透過唯讀光碟機，你可從唯讀光碟讀取數據，但不可在光碟上寫入數據 You may read data from a CD-ROM disk by a CD-ROM drive, but not write data on it

  22. 可寫光碟機 CD writer 光存貯器設備Optical storage devices • 可寫光碟機CD writer • 能在可記錄光碟上讀取或寫入數據 can read and write data on recordable CDs

  23. 光存貯器設備Optical storage devices • 可記錄光碟機主要有兩種形式： two types of recordable CD formats: • 可錄光碟機 CD-R：容許在可錄光碟上寫入數據一次，然後可多次從光碟上讀取數據 A CD-R drive allows us to write data once on a CD-R disk and read from it many time • 可寫光碟機 CD-RW：容許在可寫光碟上多次寫入數據，及多次從光碟上讀取數據 A CD-RW drive allows us to write data on and read from a CD-RW disk many times

  24. 可錄光碟與可寫光碟CD-Rs and CD-RWs 可寫光碟機 CD writer 可寫光碟機 CD-writer

  25. 光存貯器設備Optical storage devices • 數碼影像光碟Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) drive • 具有更大存貯容量 optical disks with even higher storage capacity • 常用來貯存電影 usually use to store movies

  26. 數碼影像光碟數碼影像光碟Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) drive • 只可利用數碼影像光碟機從數碼影像光碟讀取數據，而不能在光碟上寫入數據 • we can only read from but not write to a DVD using a DVD drive

  27. 數碼影像光碟 DVDs 數碼影像光碟機 DVD drive 數碼影像光碟Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) drive

  28. 堂課 Class work • P.147 MC Q.1-9 • P.149 Q.8

  29. 功課 Homework • P.148 Q.1-7

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