Discrimination in the Workplace

1. Discrimination in the Workplace

2. Team members • Khalifa Al Balooshi – 200909469 • Ali Al Yahyaai - 201050237 • Ahmed Al Hallabi - 201050621 • Nasr Mashati - 200935320 • Khaled Reza - 201250296   • Omar Nayef - 201250316

3. General definition of discrimination • Discrimination, in simple terms, means the unequal or different treatment or harassment that causes harm to a member of any organization. • It is also defined as the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, "in a way that is worse than the usual way they should be treated."

4. What causes discrimination? • Prejudices from family backgrounds • Belief in myths and superstitions about a certain area, religion etc. • Belief in stereotypes that mean nothing to the true character of an individual • Over generalising a certain thing about a certain category of people

5. Going back in time… • The subject of unequal treatment dates back centuries, and through history, it has left its mark very clearly. • Examples of these include: (a) Among the first forms of discrimination was the fact that the women of any society were always treated as slaves and tools (b) The “separate but equal” law stated by Jim Crow – equal in rights, but separate from the other race

6. Discrimination in the Workplace OVERVIEW

7. Overview • Discrimination in the workplace is the act of treating a particular group or person differently based solely on a protected classification. • Discrimination in employment is illegal according to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits employment discrimination based on race, colour, religion, sex, or national origin.

8. Workplace discrimination is prohibited by law on the basis of the following characteristics: • Discrimination of Nationality • Discrimination of Age • Discrimination of Gender • Discrimination of Religion • Discrimination of Sexual Orientation

9. Discrimination in the Workplace NATIONALITY

10. What is nationality discrimination? • National origin discrimination revolves around treating employees unfavourably because they are from a particular country or part of the world • This is a sad sight that is commonly seen when it comes to applying for jobs, even more so while employed

11. Nationality discrimination • It is the unfair treatment to a person when it comes to any aspect of employment [which includes hiring, firing, pay, job assignments, promotions, layoff, training etc.] • Treating employees unfavourably because they are from a particular country or part of the world • Perhaps due to their ethnicity or accent • Also because they appear to be of a certain ethnic background • It could also include treating people unfavourably because they are married to (or associated with) a person of a certain national origin • Or even because of their connection with an ethnic organization or group

12. Types of discrimination in nationality

13. Types of discrimination in nationality

14. Types of discrimination in nationality

15. Discrimination in the workplace AGE

16. Discrimination of age in general… • It is commonly identified as the denial of privilege or other unfair treatment based on the age of the person who is discriminated against. • Usually, the main two factors that contribute to this form of unfairness is the fact that people are either “too young” or “too old”.

17. The positive and negative sides of age discrimination • On the positive side: - Young workers wont be hired just because they are young - Older workers who are qualified cant be tossed out simply because they are old • On the negative side: • Age discrimination is one of the main reasons behind the loss of experts • Younger workers have a harder time getting jobs

18. Conditions against age discrimination • Civil rights Act of 1964 - it omitted "older persons" or age as a protected class. • Age discrimination is also prohibited by employment agencies and labour organizations • Age discrimination is prohibited in any term, condition, or privilege related to employment. • As an example, a 60 year old employee may not be discriminated against in favour of a 50 year old employee.

19. How can we stop age discrimination? • Increase awareness about the issues that deal with the concept of age and employment • An increase in the retirement age could mean that people won’t fear the concept of working at an old age • For the younger generation, proper training and work experience should be put to action to ensure unbiased employment

20. More facts about age discrimination • Hiring process • Requiring the age of applicants to be for a “bona fide occupational qualification.” This means that the employer must demonstrate that age is a reasonable question essential to the operation of the business. • Older Workers Benefit Protection act of 1990 • This act amended the Age Discrimination in Employment Act to specifically prohibit employers from denying benefits to employees over 40. There are exceptions available in certain circumstances as long as the cost of insuring older employees is the same as insuring younger employees.

21. Discrimination in the workplace GENDER

22. Gender inequality in general • Gender discrimination occurs when sexes are treated unequally. It is not based solely on gender differences, but on how people are treated differently because of their sex. • Gender discrimination is illegal and several laws are in place to prevent and eliminate discriminatory practices.

23. How, why and where does it happen? • One gender is given preferential treatment • One gender receives less pay or job responsibilities • In most areas, women are considered to be weaker than men • These occur because of gender bias and unfair stereotypes • Other than the offices, gender discrimination also exists in sports, educational institutions and political organizations

24. A fact about gender inequality • According to TNS Research Surveys 68 percent of women surveyed believe gender discrimination exists in the workplace. What is being done to solve this problem • The Equal Pay Act of 1963 ended the practice of paying men more than women when performing the same jobs and duties. • Federal law protects women and other minorities from discrimination in the work place. • Diversity and inclusion policies also help to remedy gender discrimination by promoting equality between the sexes. • Despite these protections, many women still feel gender-based discrimination is a problem in some businesses.

25. How to avoid gender discrimination • Employers should not use gender as a basis for paying different wages to an employee for equal work • Employers should not use gender as a reason for assigning a job because of the preference of customers, clients or other employees • It is also recommended that employers give proper training to their employees about gender discrimination

26. Discrimination in the workplace RELIGION

27. Definition of religion & religious discrimination • Religion includes moral or ethical beliefs about the right and wrong that are sincerely held with the strength of traditional religious views. • Religious discrimination occurs in the workplace when an employer treats an employee differently because of his or her religious practices or beliefs. Discrimination may take the form of harassment, special treatment or refusal to accommodate an employee's sincerely held religious practices. • Atheism is a religious belief, and inequality to atheists is also a form of religious discrimination

28. Protection against religious discrimination • It Employers may not make employment decisions based on an employee's religious practices. • Employers may not force employees to take part in religious events or activities as a condition of employment. (ex. Call to prayer) • An employee has the right to be free from religious harassment, which is a behaviour that creates an intimidating or hostile work environment. • Employers are prohibited from retaliating against employees who oppose or refuse to participate in discriminatory practices. • Employees have a right to engage in religious expression in the workplace.

29. Discrimination in the Workplace SEXUAL ORIENTATION

30. Overview • It is simply known as the unfair treatment of a working person based on his/her sexual orientation • In a professional environment, it must not matter what a person believes in, but what he can contribute to promote the quality of work • The Anti-Discrimination law - this is a law that reflects on the right of people to be treated equally, which also includes sexual orientation

31. The ethical and legal prospective DISCRIMINATION

32. The ethical and legal prospective • Racism and prejudice are both legally and ethically wrong. • Every human being should be treated equally, no matter what. • Humans are subject to make mistakes, but this shouldn’t label them or the category that they belong to. • Throughout the presentation, many laws were stated that prevent discrimination, and that is very important in terms of legal views.

33. Solutions to discrimination in the workplace in general • We must realize that every human being is equal in both dignity and rights • The color of our skin, our passports and our religion must not be looked at as a priority during job applications • As long as there is cooperation between employees in the workplace, efficient work can be done • Learning to accept one another as one is a key factor in stopping discrimination as a whole

34. "Prejudices of any kind are the destroyers of human happiness & welfare.” -Abdulbaha

35. References • www.google.com • http://smallbusiness.chron.com/causes-effects-remedies-gender-discrimination-10726.html • http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/religious-discrimination-workplace-30114.html • http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/types-discrimination-workplace-3279.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_discrimination • http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/qanda_religion.html • http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/advice-and-guidance/your-rights/religion-and-belief/what-is-religious-discrimination/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-discrimination_law • http://smallbusiness.chron.com/policies-avoid-age-discrimination-2847.html • http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?newsId=250042

36. References • http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/7/211/ • http://www.amnesty.org/ar/discrimination • http://discriminationclassproject.weebly.com/historical-examples.html • http://humanresources.about.com/od/workplacediscrimination/f/discrimination-in-employment-illegal.htm • http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/nationalorigin.cfm • http://www.stevencjames.com/newsletters/employment-law/what-is-national-origin-discrimination/ • http://humanresources.about.com/od/discrimination/f/age.htm • http://smallbusiness.chron.com/effects-gender-discrimination-workplace-2860.html • http://smallbusiness.chron.com/causes-effects-remedies-gender-discrimination-10726.html • http://www.justia.com/employment/employment-discrimination/docs/religious-discrimination.html

37. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! • Have a fantastic winter break!