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Two-dimensional fiber array with integrated topology for short-distance optical interconnections

Two-dimensional fiber array with integrated topology for short-distance optical interconnections. Makoto Naruse 1),2) , Alvaro Cassinelli 3) , and Masatoshi Ishikawa 3) 1: Ultrafast Photonic Network Group Communications Research Laboratory , Japan E-mail: naruse@crl.go.jp

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Two-dimensional fiber array with integrated topology for short-distance optical interconnections

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  1. Two-dimensional fiber array with integrated topologyfor short-distance optical interconnections Makoto Naruse1),2), Alvaro Cassinelli3), and Masatoshi Ishikawa3) 1: Ultrafast Photonic Network Group Communications Research Laboratory , Japan E-mail: naruse@crl.go.jp 2: Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), PRESTO 3: Dept. Information Physics and Computing, University of Tokyo

  2. Contents • Interconnection fabric • Wave-guide-base, direct implementation of interconnection topology • Interconnection decomposition • Experimental fabrication • Summary and future plans

  3. Optical Interconnection fabric / switching fabric Optical interconnection Inter Chip, Inter-board Optical interconnection LSI LSI LSI LSI LSI LSI LSI LSI Optical Interconnection fabric / Switching fabric Multistage architecture

  4. Input Output Multistage architecture Regularly interconnected multistage architecture An example: Omega network Optical interconnect Optoelectronic OE EO … Computation All optical Optical interconnect … w/o OEO

  5. Wave-guide-base, direct implementation of interconnection topology Optoelectronic Optical interconnect OE EO … • Two-dimensional fiber array Computation All optical Optical interconnect Output … w/o OEO Input Configure the interconnection topology directly by positioning the input and output end of the wave-guides

  6. Design considerations • Two-dimensional (2D) parallelism • Focus on Permutation network (such as perfect shuffle) • Scalability • Module reusability (Permutation reusability) Other remarks Out of scope of this paper • Alignment difficulty: Both input and output end • Theoretically more volume efficient than free-space equivalent Y.Li, et. al., “Volume-consumption comparisons of free-space and guided-wave optical interconnections”, Appl.Opt. 39 (2000), 1815

  7. Input Output 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Example1: Omega network • Messy topology • Poor scalability • Poor reusability 2D direct implementation Permutation=Perfect shuffle

  8. Example 2:Indirect Binary n-Cube Network Several kinds of different interconnection topology are used Permutation=Butterflyandperfect shuffle

  9. Interesting fact Perfect shuffle and butterfly permutation can be made out of the following three types of elemental permutations: Row, Column, and Diagonal permutations Row permutation Column permutation Diagonal permutation

  10. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Before decomposition Perfect shuffle 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Direct implementation Node assignment: Scan mapping

  11. 14 2 1 6 Interconnection decomposition Perfect shuffle 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Decompose Diagonal permutation Column permutation Row permutation

  12. 3 10 10 3 Interconnection decomposition Butterfly 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Decompose Column permutation Diagonal permutation Column permutation

  13. shuffle shuffle shuffle shuffle Processor arrays (exchange switches andmore) Overall Omega Network Row permutation 90º  Column permutation Diagonal permutation

  14. Processor arrays (exchange switches andmore) Overall Indirect Binary n-Cube Network (2) -1(4) (3) (4) Row permutation 90º  Column permutation Diagonal permutation

  15. Prototype fiber module: Preliminary 4x4 array 5 mm 3 mm 2 mm Two holder prototypes: Zirconium, SiO2 Pitch: 250±5m Multimode graded index fibers: NA=0.21 (core 50m, cladding 126m) Transmission loss: 3dB/km Length: 30 cm Embedded interconnection topology

  16. Pitch uniformity Zirconium 16 245mm-255mm Ave. 250mm Std deviation 2.0mm SiO2 14 246mm-254mm Ave. 250mm Std deviation 1.5mm 12 10 Number of link 8 6 Pitch (250mm) 4 2 0 244 246 248 250 252 254 256 Pitch (mm)

  17. Interconnection example Output (CCD image) Input Input Fiber module input VCSEL array Output No relay optics

  18. Transmission efficiency / Alignment tolerance Transmission efficiency 0.25 45 0.2 40 38.45 x 0.15 Exit power (a.u) 35 LED regime LASER regime 0.1 30 25 0.05 Transmittance (%) 20 0 15 -105 -90 -75 -60 -45 -30 -15 0 15 30 45 60 75 10 X (microns) 5 Alignment tolerances 0 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 (half peak power) 9.5 VCSEL driving current (mA) x  50 m y  70 m Max. transmittance 38.45%

  19. Summary and future plans • Wave-guide-base, direct implementation of 2D parallel interconnection topology • Interconnection decomposition for scalability and reusability • 2D fiber array with interconnection topology was demonstrated Future plan: • Theoretical foundation for interconnection decomposition and total system design • Higher-density 2D interconnect • System demonstration

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