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Authentication Technologies

Authentication Technologies. Authentication Mechanisms Something you know Something you have Something you are Features Authenticator & Base secret Verifier Verification Procedure. What you know. Password/PIN Authenticator & verifier String comparison Hashing? Risks?.

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Authentication Technologies

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  1. Authentication Technologies • Authentication Mechanisms • Something you know • Something you have • Something you are • Features • Authenticator & Base secret • Verifier • Verification Procedure

  2. What you know • Password/PIN • Authenticator & verifier • String comparison • Hashing? • Risks?

  3. What you have • Smart/Swipe cards • Large base secret • Risks? • Compared to Passwords?

  4. What you are: Biometrics • Identification: • Who are you? • Template/model comparison • “One-to-many” search • Choose most likely • Verification • Is this you? • Template/model measure • “One-to-one” search • Thresholding

  5. Subversion • “As a general rule, if an authentification system is made by humans, it can be defeated by humans” • Multifactor Authentication? • Next: Risks & Attacks

  6. Risks • Masquerade • Multiple Identities • Identity Theft

  7. Attacks • Trial and Error • Passwords • Cards • Biometrics • Replication • Theft • Digital Spoofing

  8. Vulnerability • Average attack space • Number of attacks to have 50% chance of succes • False Acceptance Rate (FAR/FMR) • Percentage of successful attacks by imposter

  9. Defences • Trial and Error • Increase size of base secret • Limit guesses • Biometrics • Tighten match criterion • False Rejection Rate (FRR/FNMR) • Replication • Liveness test? • Theft • Add PINs or biometrics • Digital Spoofing • Cryptography

  10. Deployment Issues • Enrolment • Establish the verifier • Security concerns? • Self-enrollment • Supervised enrolment • Maintenance • Password aging • Human memory! • Physical change • Revocation

  11. Operational Problems • Forgetting Passwords • Cost of reset • Loss or aging of devices • Injury to biometric traits • Use redundancy

  12. Economics • Software • Hardware • Enrollment costs • Administrator • User • Per-use cost • Maintenance costs • System downtime costs • Revocation costs

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