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Environmental Management in Singapore

Environmental Management in Singapore. Introduction. Singapore faces the following constraints : S mall land area Densely-populated No natural resources No energy sources Little water resources. Broad Strategy. Need to strike a balance between Promote economic and industrial growth

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Environmental Management in Singapore

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  1. Environmental Managementin Singapore

  2. Introduction Singaporefaces the following constraints: • Small land area • Densely-populated • Nonatural resources • No energy sources • Little water resources

  3. Broad Strategy Need to strike a balance between • Promote economic and industrial growth • Protection of the environment • Anti-Pollution Unit – 1970 • Ministry of the Environment – 1972 • Programmes implemented to protect the environment

  4. Key Elements of Strategy • Long term planning • Preventive control of environmental threats • Monitoring of environmental quality • Effective legislation & enforcement • Provision of environmental infrastructure • Use of environmental technology

  5. Land Use Planning Urban Redevelopment Authority • National Authority for land use planning • Prepares Concept Plan and Development Guide Plans (DGPs) • Land is zoned for specific uses such as residential, commercial, industrial, etc • Environmental controls are factored in Concept Plan and DGPs • Protection of water catchment • Provision of environmental infrastructure • Compatibility of land use

  6. Preventive Controls • Judicious siting of industries • Development and building plan control • Inspection of completed premises

  7. Siting of Industries • Site industrial estates for clean and light industries close to residential areas • Site general and special industries farther away from residential areas in Jurong and Tuas Industrial estates, and on Jurong Island

  8. Siting of Industries Evaluates pollution impact of new industries • do not pose unmanageable health and safety hazards and pollution • adopt clean technology to minimise the use of hazardous chemicals and the generation of wastes • can comply with prescribed standards for the emission/discharge of pollutants • wastes can be properly handled and disposed of • compatible with surrounding land use

  9. Building Plan Control • Check building plans of new developments • Check pollution control facilities of industrial developments • Check completed developments for compliance with pollution control requirements before occupation and use of developments

  10. Environmental Monitoring • Monitor ambient air quality and quality of inland and coastal waters • Detect trends so that control programmes can be formulated to prevent a problem from arising • Assess adequacy and effectiveness of control programmes • Keep abreast with monitoring technology

  11. Telemetric Air Quality Monitoring & Management System • Air monitoring stations are equipped with continuous automatic analysers for • sulphur dioxide • ozone • carbon monoxide • oxides of nitrogen • particulate matter

  12. SUB-URBAN ROADSIDE Telemetric Air Quality Monitoring & Management System MODEM CENTRAL CONTROL STATION LEGEND INDUSTRIAL URBAN Remote Station Central Control Station at Environment Bldg

  13. LOCATION OF AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS State of Johor State of Johor State of Johor State of Johor 12 5 13 11 7 6 9 2 14 10 AMBIENT STATIONS Urban 1 Tanjong Katong Girls Sch 2 Bishan ITE 3 Environment Bldg 4 Temasek Polytechnic 5 Woodlands Sec Sch 6 Woodbridge Hospital 7 Stagmont Camp Industrial 8 Singapore Science Centre 9 Hong Kah Pri Sch 10 Nanyang Technological University Suburban 11 Siglap Sec Sch 12 Yishun ITE 13 Kranji Reservoir 14 Changi Airport 4 17 8 3 1 15 16 ROADSIDE STATIONS 15 Southern EHDO 16 National Museum 17 Ngee Ann Polytechnic SURVEY STATION 18 Jurong Island 18

  14. Ambient Air QualityMonitoring Station

  15. PSI (1991 - 2002)

  16. Water Quality Monitoring • Water in reservoirs remains suitable for treatment for potable use • Inland water supports aquatic life • Coastal waters remain suitable for recreational use

  17. Water Quality MonitoringProgrammes • Inland water • Catchment • Non-catchment • Reservoir • Coastal water

  18. State of Johor State of Johor State of Johor Sg Sembawang Kechil Yishun Pond Mandai State of Johor Kechil Pond Sg Simpang Sg Sembawang Kiri Sg Simpang Yishun Mandai Sg Neo Mak Wai (S) Pond Sg Chik Abu Sg Hantu Sg Bukit Mandai Sg Simpang Sg Kadut Pulau Tekong Mak Wai (S) Sg Seletar Stream Sg Puak Besar Sg Pang Sua (W) Sg Kangkar Sg Seletar Sg Berih Sg Tengah Simpang Sg Peng Siang Sg Seletar Kanan Centre Simpang Kiri Sg Seletar Sg Tho Pek Kong Pang Siang Simpang Pond Sg Peng Kanan 2 Sg Peng Sg Chua Siang Sg Poyan Siang Chu Kang Right 2 Right 1 MacRitchie Stream Sg Bajua Tampines Ponds Sg Jurong 2 Sg Jurong 1 Yan Kit Pond Sg Tengeh (N) Sg Bukit Timah Bedok Sg Tengeh (S) Ponds Sg Pandan

  19. State of Johor State of Johor State of Johor State of Johor Sg Simpang Kanan Sg Buloh Sg Melayu Sg Kranji Sg Punggol Sg Serangoon Kallang River Bukit Timah Canal Sg Jurong (R) Pelton Canal Sg Jurong Sg Whampoa Sg Bedok Jurong Area Sg Siglap Canal Stamford Canal Geylang River Singapore River

  20. Legislation & Policies • Set up effective legislation to control pollution • Carry out regular review of policies and standards with extensive consultations with the public and industries

  21. Enforcement • Ensureair pollutant emission standards and trade effluent standards comply with legal standards • Control the proper management and disposal of hazardous substances and toxic industrial wastes • Conduct regular checks on industries • Take legal action against recalcitrant polluters

  22. Environmental Infrastructure • Comprehensive sewerage system • Efficient solid waste system

  23. Sewerage System • Separate sewerage system for both domestic and industrial wastewater and open drainage for rain water • 6 water reclamation plants • 2,800 km sewers • >100 pumping stations • 97% population served and remaining 3% by on-site sewage treatment plants • Industrial wastewater pretreated to prescribed standards prior to discharging into the sewerage system

  24. Sewerage System HOUSEHOLDS COMMERCIAL PREMISES WATER RECLAMATION PLANT INDUSTRIES EFFLUENT OUTFALL MANHOLE PUMPING STATION PRETREATMENT PLANT SEA SEWER

  25. Solid Waste Management • Daily refuse collection service • Toxic industrial wastes segregated at source and collected by licensed toxic industrial waste collectors for treatment and disposal • 90% of wastes generated is incinerated at 4 incineration plants • Ash from the refuse incineration plants and 10% of wastes generated are disposed of at the off-shore Semakau sanitary landfill

  26. REFUSE DISPOSAL FACILITIES Senoko IP Closed Lorong Halus Dumping Ground Ulu Pandan RIP Tuas IP Tuas South IP Semakau Landfill

  27. Education • Educational programmes to raise and cultivate awareness and understanding • Environmental education programmes in primary, secondary and pre-university curricula • Educational campaigns

  28. Environmental Technology • Monitor latest developments in industrial processes and pollution control technologies • Adopt best practicable measures • Use clean technology - minimise use of hazardous chemicals and generation of wastes • Use hazardous chemicals that will not pose unmanageable health and safety hazards • Promote research & development

  29. Thank you

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