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Battlements The top of the castle walls were the battlements, a protective, tooth shaped parapet often with a wall walk behind it for the soldiers to stand on. The defenders could fire missiles through gaps (crenels). The raised sections between, called merlons, helped to shelter the defenders during an enemy attack.
Murder Holes passage beyond. They were so called because it was believed that they were used by defenders in the chamber above to drop hot liquids down on the Murder holes were openings in the ceiling just in front of a gate or in the unfortunate attacker.
Round Towers It was harder for attackers to make round towers collapse. Unlike square towers they had no corners, which collapsed if holes were dug underneath the foundations.
. • Arrow and Gun Loops • These provided a safer means of firing arrows on the attackers of the castle. They are found in many different styles on the curtain wall and towers of the castle
Moats Attackers were easy to shoot whilst swimming or rowing across the moats filled with water. Moats reduced the risk of tunnelling under the castle.