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Genetics

Genetics. Punnett Squares. Vocabulary Review. Dominant. Recessive. __________ allele : always shows up when the allele is present, represented by a capital letter (R) __________ allele : is hidden when the dominant allele is present, represented by a lowercase letter (r).

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Genetics

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  1. Genetics Punnett Squares

  2. Vocabulary Review Dominant Recessive • __________ allele: always shows up when the allele is present, represented by a capital letter (R) • __________ allele: is hidden when the dominant allele is present, represented by a lowercase letter (r)

  3. Vocabulary Review Phenotype Genotype • ___________: an organism’s physical appearance (round/wrinkled seeds) • __________: an organism’s genetic makeup (RR, Rr, or rr)

  4. Vocabulary Review Homozygous Heterozygous • _____________: a genotype with 2 of the same alleles (RR or rr) • ______________: a genotype with 2 different alleles (Rr)

  5. Punnett Square A chart that shows all the possible allele combinations (genotypes) the offspring of two parents can have.

  6. How to make a Punnett Square: 1. Draw a box and divide it into 4 squares.

  7. How to make a Punnett Square: 2. Write the male parent’s alleles along the top of the square and the female parent’s alleles along the left side. Example: Father-Rr Mother-Rr R=round seeds r=wrinkled seeds

  8. How to make a Punnett Square: 3. Copy the female parent’s alleles into the boxes to their right. Example: Father-Rr Mother-Rr

  9. How to make a Punnett Square: 4. Copy the male parent’s alleles into the boxes beneath them. Example: Father-Rr Mother-Rr

  10. How to make a Punnett Square: 5. The completed Punnett square shows all the possible genotypes of the offspring. Example: Father-Rr Mother-Rr

  11. Punnett Square 4 1 25 A Punnett square can be used to calculate the probability that a certain combination of alleles will result. Probability offspring will be RR: ___out of ___ or ____%

  12. Punnett Square 4 2 50 A Punnett square can be used to calculate the probability that a certain combination of alleles will result. Probability offspring will be Rr: ___out of ___ or ____%

  13. Punnett Square 4 1 25 A Punnett square can be used to calculate the probability that a certain combination of alleles will result. Probability offspring will be rr: ___out of ___ or ____%

  14. Punnett Square round 4 3 75 You can also calculate the probability of the phenotypes. R=round seeds r=wrinkled seeds RR and Rr produce _______ seeds: : ___out of ___ or ____%

  15. Punnett Square wrinkled 1 4 25 You can also calculate the probability of the phenotypes. R=round seeds r=wrinkled seeds rr produces _________ seeds: : ___out of ___ or ____%

  16. Punnett Square Examples Fur color of mice: Dominant allele: Recessive allele: F (black fur) f (white fur)

  17. Punnett Square Examples • Probability of: • FF: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Probability of: • Black mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% • White mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% Purebred black mouse (FF) x purebred white mouse (ff)

  18. Punnett Square Examples • Probability of: • FF: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Probability of: • Black mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% • White mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% F F 0 0 f f 4 100 0 0 (FF, Ff) 4 100 (ff) 0 0 Purebred black mouse (FF) x purebred white mouse (ff)

  19. Punnett Square Examples • Probability of: • FF: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Probability of: • Black mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% • White mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% White mouse (ff) x white mouse (ff)

  20. Punnett Square Examples • Probability of: • FF: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Probability of: • Black mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% • White mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% f f 0 0 f f 0 0 4 100 (FF, Ff) 0 0 (ff) 4 100 White mouse (ff) x white mouse (ff)

  21. Punnett Square Examples • Probability of: • FF: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Probability of: • Black mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% • White mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% White mouse (ff) x heterozygous mouse (Ff)

  22. Punnett Square Examples • Probability of: • FF: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • ff: ___ out of 4 or ___% • Probability of: • Black mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% • White mouse: • ___ out of 4 or ___% f f 0 0 F f 2 50 2 50 (FF, Ff) 2 50 (ff) 2 50 White mouse (ff) x heterozygous mouse (Ff)

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