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Towards a CLIC detector, opportunities for R&D

Towards a CLIC detector, opportunities for R&D. Lucie Linssen CERN. Outline and useful links. Outline: Short introduction to the CLIC accelerator project CLIC physics CLIC detector issues difference wit ILC case Recent simulation results R&D opportunities Outlook Useful links:

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Towards a CLIC detector, opportunities for R&D

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  1. Towards a CLIC detector, opportunities for R&D Lucie Linssen CERN Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  2. Outline and useful links Outline: • Short introduction to the CLIC accelerator project • CLIC physics • CLIC detector issues • difference wit ILC case • Recent simulation results • R&D opportunities • Outlook Useful links: • CERN user web page • http://user.web.cern.ch/user/Welcome.asp • Linear Collider Detector project at CERN • http://lcd.web.cern.ch/LCD/NewWelcome.html • CLIC08 workshop, October 14-17 2008 (next one: October 12-16 2009) • http://project-clic08-workshop.web.cern.ch/project-clic08-workshop/ Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  3. CLIC: Compact LInear Collider • Two Beam Scheme: • Drive Beam supplies RF power • 12 GHz bunch structure • low energy (2.4 GeV - 240 MeV) • high current (100A) • Main beam for physics • high energy (9 GeV – 1.5 TeV) • current 1.2 A No individual RF power sources Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  4. CLIC two-beam module Main Beam Drive Beam 2 m 20760 modules to be constructed Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  5. 326 klystrons 33 MW, 139 ms combiner rings Circumferences delay loop 80.3 m CR1 160.6 m CR2 481.8 m drive beam accelerator 2.37 GeV, 1.0 GHz CR1 CR1 1 km delay loop CR2 326 klystrons 33 MW, 139 ms drive beam accelerator 2.37 GeV, 1.0 GHz 1 km delay loop Drive Beam Generation Complex CR2 decelerator, 24 sectors of 868 m BDS 2.75 km BDS 2.75 km BC2 BC2 245m 245m IP1 e- main linac , 12 GHz, 100 MV/m, 21.04 km e+ main linac TA R=120m TA R=120m 48.3 km CLIC overall layout 3 TeV booster linac, 9 GeV, 2 GHz Main Beam Generation Complex BC1 e- injector 2.4 GeV e+ injector, 2.4 GeV e+ DR 365m e- DR 365m Main & Drive Beam generation complexes not to scale Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  6. Main beam accelerating structures • Objective: • Withstand of 100 MV/m without damage • Breakdown rate < 10-7 • Strong damping of HOMs Technologies: Brazed disks - milled quadrants Collaboration: CERN, KEK, SLAC Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  7. Best result so far High Power test of T18_VG2.4_disk (without damping) • Designed at CERN, • Machined by KEK, • Brazed and tested at SLAC Improvement by RF conditionning CLIC target Design: 100 MV/M loaded BR: 10-7 Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  8. INJECTOR First module Cleaning Chicane CLIC test facility CTF3 Demonstrate Drive Beam generation(fully loaded acceleration, beam intensity and bunch frequency multiplication x8) Demonstrate RF Power Production and test Power Structures Demonstrate Two Beam Acceleration and test Accelerating Structures Operational Experience (reliability) by continuous operation (10m/year) TL1 2005 2004 DL CR Beam up to dump (August 08) TL2 CLEX Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  9. Tentative long-term CLIC scenario Technology evaluation and Physics assessment based on LHC results for a possible decision on Linear Collider with staged construction starting with the lowest energy required by Physics Conceptual Design Report (CDR) Technical Design Report (TDR) Project approval ? First Beam? Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  10. CLIC parameters Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  11. LCD@CERN Linear Collider Detector project at CERN What is our goal ? We are working towards a linear collider detector which will operate in an energy range (CM) from 500 GeV to 3 TeV Working together with the ILC concepts (SiD, ILD, 4th) and with the detector collaborations (LC-TPC, EUDET, FCAL, CALICE). In a concerted effort with the individual concepts, we work towards describing the possible changes or upgrades to the ILC concepts to make them compatible with multi-TeV energies and CLIC beam conditions. Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  12. CLIC physics Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  13. New physics expected in TeV energy range Higgs, Supersymmetry, extra dimensions, …? LHC will indicate what physics, and at which energy scale ( is 500 GeV enough or need for multi TeV? ) Even if multi-TeV is final goal, most likely CLIC would run over a range of energies (e.g. 0.5 – 3.0 TeV) ILC detector concepts are excellent starting point for high energy detector http://documents.cern.ch/cgi-bin/setlink?base=cernrep&categ=Yellow_Report&id=2004-005 Like for ILC, assume 2 CLIC detectors in pull push mode General Physics Context Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  14. CLIC at 3 TeV: assume 200 fb-1 per year Cross-sections at a few TeV Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  15. If there is a light SM-like Higgs… Teubert, etc The cross-section at ~3TeV is large  access to very rare decays (BR~10-4). Measure Higgs couplings to leptons, for instance with 0.5 ab-1, we expect ~70 H+- decays for Mh=120 GeV/c2, and measure the couplings with ~4% precision. 1/s log(s) Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  16. Pysics case: Higgs Ellis, Teubert, etc If there is only a light SM-like Higgs, it will be found at hadron colliders, and most of their properties (spin, couplings,…) can be determined with very good precision at a low energy linear collider. However, to complete the measurements of its properties (eg, lepton couplings) and more important, to measure with precision the Higgs potential (hence non-trivial test of the SSB mechanism), a multi-TeV linear collider is crucial. If there is a light Higgs CLIC could search indirectly for accompanying new physics up to 100 TeV and identify any heavier partners Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  17. Supersymmetry: LHC vs LC LHC is good with sparticles that mainly interact strongly, (gluino, squarks, …), while a LC could complement the spectra with sparticles that mainly interact weakly (sleptons, neutralinos,…) Teubert, etc Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  18. Physics case: Supersymmetry 95% 90% 68% Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  19. Physics case: Extra dimensions Ellis, Teubert, etc • Extra-dimension scenario (Randall, Sundrum) predicts production of • TeV-scale graviton resonances, decaying into two fermions. • Cross sections are large, but wide range of parameters. By counting the number of events with missing energy and photons, at different centre-of-mass energies we can measure the number of extra dimensions and the Planck scale. Not possible at LHC, easy at a LC with enough energy! Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  20. Luminosity spectrum and effect onResonance Production @CLIC significant beamstrahlung → Luminosity spectrum not as sharply peaked as at lower energy → need for luminosity Z’ + ISR + beamstrahlung Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  21. CLIC detector issues, and comparison with ILC Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  22. ILC experiment concepts SiD ILD 4th Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  23. Harry Weerts Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  24. CLIC detector issues • 3 main differences with ILC: • Energy 500 GeV => 3 TeV • More severe background conditions • Due to higher energy • Due to smaller beam sizes • Time structure of the accelerator Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  25. CLIC time structure Train repetition rate 50 Hz CLIC CLIC: 1 train = 312 bunches 0.5 ns apart 50 Hz ILC: 1 train = 2820 bunches 308 ns apart 5 Hz • Consequences for CLIC detector: • Assess need for detection layers with time-stamping • Innermost tracker layer with ~ns resolution • Additional time-stamping layers for photons and for neutrons (needed?) • Or …. all-detector time stamping at the 10 ns level • Readout/DAQ electronics will be different from ILC • Power pulsing has to work at 50 Hz instead of 5 Hz Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  26. Beam-induced background Background sources: CLIC and ILC similar Due to the higher beam energy and small bunch sizes they are significantly more severe at CLIC. Main backgrounds: • CLIC 3TeV beamstrahlung ΔE/E = 29% (10×ILCvalue) • Coherent pairs (3.8×108 per bunch crossing) <= disappear in beam pipe • Incoherent pairs (3.0×105 per bunch crossing) <= suppressed by strong solenoid-field • γγ interactions => hadrons (2.7 hadron events per bunch crossing) • Muon background from upstream linac • More difficult to stop due to higher CLIC energy (active muon shield) Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  27. CLIC centre-of-mass energy spectrum • Due to beamstrahlung: • At 3 TeV only 1/3 of the luminosity is in the top 1% Centre-of-mass energy bin • Many events with large forward or backward boost Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  28. Beamstrahlung, continued….. At 3 TeV many events have a large forward or backward boost, plus many back-scattered photons/neutrons 3 TeV 3 TeV Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  29. Extrapolation ILC = > CLIC <= 10% beam crossing in ILD detector at 500 GeV Adrian Vogel, DESY • For full LDC detector simulation at 3 TeV • Simulation of e+e- pairs from beamstrahlung • Conclusion of the comparison: • ILC, use 100 BX (1/20 bunch train) • CLIC, use full bunch train (312 BX) • CLIC VTX: O(10) times more background • CLIC TPC: O(30) times more background • LDC 3 TeV, with forward mask Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  30. Vertex Detector Vertex Detector Vertex detector hits from incoherent pairs, B=5T, two angular coverages Daniel Schulte for 312 BX “barrel” PRELIMINARY vertex opening angle Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  31. Forward region detectors Iftach Sadeh, Tel Aviv univ. e.g. LUMICAL, measuring luminosity Using BhaBha scattering Full simulation of LUMICAL at 3 TeV, adaptation of detector geometry and opening angle. Simulation of back-scattering from the front-face of LUMICAL Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  32. CLIC Tracking Vetex and Tracking issues: • Due to beam-induced background and short time between bunches: • Inner radius of Vertex Detector has to become larger (~25 mm) • High occupancy in the inner regions • Narrow jets at high energy • 2-track separation is an issue for the tracker/vertex detector • Track length may have to increase (fan-out of jet constituents)? 3TeV e+e- W+W- qqqq Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  33. CLIC Calorimetry • Higher energy => need deeper HCAL (≥8λi) • Cannot increase coil radius too much => need heavy absorber • Choice of suitable HCAL material • Choice of Calorimeter technology (PFA or Dual readout) 3 TeV e+e- event on SiD detector layout, illustrating the need for deeper calorimetry Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009 33

  34. Jet multiplicities 3TeV e+e- W+W- qqqq Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  35. Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  36. Longitudinal shower containment Peter Speckmayer / Christian Grefe Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  37. Hadron Calorimetry Peter Speckmayer / Christian Grefe Tungsten – Scintillator calorimeter Conventional Calorimetry, resolution for 8λ Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  38. Hadron Calorimetry Peter Speckmayer / Christian Grefe 230-270 GeV 6,7,8,9 -> 40 λ Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  39. Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  40. Which calorimetry at CLIC energies? • To overcome known shortfalls from LEP/LHC experience, new concepts/technologies are chosen for ILC: • Based on Particle Flow Algorithm • Highly segmented (13-25 mm2) ECAL (analog) • Very highly segmented ECAL (digital) • Highly segmented (1 cm2) HCAL (digital) • Segmented HCAL (analog) • Based on Dual (Triple) readout • Sampling calorimeter • Plastic fibres • Crystal fibres (<= materials studies) • Fully active calorimeter (EM part) • Crystal-based Method and Engineering difficult, but conventional Limited in energy-range to a few hundred GeV Method and Engineering difficult and non-proven Not limited in energy range Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  41. Opportunities for Detector R&D and engineering studies Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  42. Opportunities for detector R&D Most of the detector R&D currently carried out for the ILC is most relevant for CLIC. In several aspects the CLIC R&D is already being integrated into the present technology collaborations CALICE, LC-TPC, FCAL) R&D needed beyond present ILC developments: • Time stamping • Alternative to PFA calorimetry (dual readout?) • Mechanical engineering studies • Heavy calorimeter concept • Large high-field solenoid concept • Integration studies • Precise stability/alignment studies • Power pulsing and other electronics developments Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  43. Precise alignment/stability • Precise alignment studies/technologies • Beam focusing stability !! • How to link left-arm and right-arm? • Lumical =>measurement using Bhabha scattering • Alignment of last quadrupoles at +- 3.5 m • ILC alignment requirements => <4 μm (x,y), <100 μm (z) • CLIC requirement is be more severe Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009 Daniel Schulte CLIC08. Leszek Zawiejski, FCAL collab.

  44. Mechanical engineering studies • Heavy calorimeter concept (with ≥ λi) • Tungsten could be suitable from the physics point of view • Difficult to produce, normally not in large plates, very expensive • Brittle => overall concept design • Large high-field solenoid concept • Extrapolation from CMS solenoid • Replacement of Al coil stabiliser by stronger doped alloy (hardware R&D) • Welding technique of reinforced conductor cable (hardware R&D) • Suspension of heavy barrel calorimeter from coil cryostat • Integration studies • Detailed forward region integration and stabilisation • Overall care for precise mechanical stability (decoupling from accelerator!) • Overall detector integration studies Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  45. Conclusions • Linear Collider Detector project, is now an official project at CERN. • Currently assessing the adaptations of the ILC concepts to the CLIC environment • Basic concepts will be similar • ILC hardware developments are most relevant for CLIC • Using the same software tools • A number of areas have been identified, where the CLIC detector at 3 TeV differs from the ILC concepts at 500 GeV • The initial CLIC concept simulation studies will concentrate on these areas • CLIC-specific R&D will be required in a number of technology domains • Many thanks to ILC physics community, who helped to get the CLIC detector studies restarted Welcome to join !!! Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  46. SPARE SLIDES Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  47. Alternative to PFA calorimetry • Basic principle: • Measure EM shower component separately • Measure HAD shower component separately • Measure Slow Neutron component separately Dual R&D on dual/triple readout calorimetry Triple EM-part=> electrons => highly relativistic => Cerenkov light emission HAD-part=> “less” relativistic => Scintillation signal Slow neutrons => late fraction of the Scintillation signal Requires broader collaboration on materials + concept Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  48. SiD Forward Region LumiCal 20 layers of 2.5 mm W + 10 layers of 5.0 mm W BeamCal 50 layers of 2.5 mm W ECAL Beampipe +/- 94 mrad (detector) +101 mrad, -87mrad (ext. line) 3cm-thick Tungsten Mask 13cm-thick BoratedPoly Centered on the outgoing beam line Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

  49. Lucie Linssen, Tel Aviv, 21/5/2009

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