1 / 30

Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Introduction Rhea Paul, Ph.D., CCC-SLP Southern Connecticut State University Yale Child St

debra
Download Presentation

Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Introduction Rhea Paul, Ph.D., CCC-SLP Southern Connecticut State University Yale Child St

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

    3. Another Way to Look at it

    4. Autistic Disorder Impairment in social interaction-at least 2 of: Gaze, facial expression, gesture impairments Failure to develop peer relationships Lack of seeking to share with others Lack of reciprocity Impairment in communication-at least 1 of: Delay in language Impairment in conversation ability Stereotyped and repetitive langauge Lack of pretend play Restricted, repetitive stereotyped behavior, interests, activities-at least 2 of: Preoccupations with abnormal focus or intensity Rigid need for routine or ritual Motor mannerisms Preoccupation with parts of objects

    5. Autistic Disorder- 3 Examples http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSB_BQgOEx0&feature=related

    6. Asperger Syndrome in DSM-IV Impairment in social interactionn (same as autism) Restricted, repetitive stereotyped behavior, interests No clinically significant general delay (CSD) in language No CSD in cognitive, self-help, or adaptive skills

    7. Asperger Syndrome http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zu4z-ZKZZo4&feature=related

    10. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder Heller, 1908

    11. PDD-NOS

    12. PDD-NOS JK

    13. PDDs in DSM-IV Always associated with MR Childhood Disintegrative Disorder or Heller’s syndrome Rett’s Syndrome May or may not be associated with MR Autism Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) Usually not associated with MR Asperger Syndrome (AS) High Functioning Autism (HFA)

    14. Cognition 75% of people with ASD function in the MR Range

    15. Savant Abilities or Splinter Skills Drawing: Nadia, Age 3

    16. Drawing Stephen Wiltshire

    17. Musical Ability Blind Tom

    18. Calculation

    19. Etiology of Autism

    20. Prevalence

    21. Is the incidence increasing? No question that more cases are being identified but is there a ‘real’ increase? Changes in definition Better diagnosis at both ‘ends’ of the spectrum Growing awareness of the condition Educational implications of label (for services) Diagnostic substitution

    22. Do vaccines cause autism? Several large, international epidemiological studies refute association children get vaccines at 18 mo.; ASD often becomes obvious at this age Autism rates in Japan continued to rise after the withdrawal of MMR vaccine. Honda et al. No effect of MMR withdrawal on the incidence of autism: a total population study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 2005 Mercury additives said to be cause were removed BEFORE increases in prevalence were seen Children should be vaccinated; danger of not vaccinating is greater than dangers of inoculation.

    24. Genetics of Autism

    25. Functional Classification High Functioning Includes HFA, AS, and PDD-NOS IQ within or near normal range but adaptive behavior much lower Fluent, functional language by age 6 Low Functioning Includes Autism, PDD-NOS, Rett syndrome, CDD IQ and adaptive behavior significantly low (<70) No speech, or small single word/sign vocabulary with a few phrases, mostly rote or echolalic

    26. Developmental Changes

    27. Predictors of Outcome in Autism

    28. Outcomes in autism

    29. Adult Outcome: 1981 vs. 1994 Limitations of available data DeMyer, et al., 1981 Goode, Rutter, & Howlin, 1994

    30. Autism: Shades of Difference Video http://abcnews.go.com/Video/playerIndex?id=2286327 http://www.autismspeaks.org/video/glossary.php

More Related