磁约束装置 等离子体与壁的相互作用 (II)

1. 磁约束装置等离子体与壁的相互作用(II) 李建刚 2005/04

2. 目前该领域的前沿问题 • Understanding the effect of ELMs/disruptions on divertor and first wall structures, • Tritium retention & the processes that determine it, • Improve understanding of SOL plasma interaction with the main chamber, • Better prescription of perpendicular transport coefficients and boundary conditions for input to BPX modeling. • Medium-Term • SOL transport (parallel and drift) & influence on C transport, High-Z materials - operational experience, • Improve our understanding of processes that determine the core impurity level, • The impact of the simultaneous use of different materials (e.g. tritium retention).

3. HT-7 ASIPP PSI: High Priority Research Areas: recommendations for 2004/2005 • Fueling comparison across machines • Material migration • emphasis on C13 injection experiments and flow measurements • Role of divertor geometry in affecting performance (exp’t and theory) • Dust • Model of movement + summary of existing knowledge • Tritium removal • update primarily on flash lamp results, • new results on T codeposition on tile sides

4. Tore-Supra近年的研究前沿和重点

5. Tore-Supra近年的研究前沿和重点 Next stage : put priorities on the different topics for instance on the graph below (not done yet on this page !) Urge for ITER C migration Chemical erosion, transport, redeposition, dust Conditionning RF, boronisation D recovery Laser/flashlamp, O baking/glows , disruptions D retention C PFCs Cycling studies, acceptance criteria W PFCs HHF components, melting, mixed materials Disruptions Heat loads, time scale, mitigation Ripple physics Fuelling SOL transport and turbulence Anomalous perp., parallel flows Wave/SOL coupling TS assets

6. ASIPP D in-vessel inventory under long pulseWhy no wall saturation?

8. 稳态运行下的重要问题 • 氢的分布、滞留，特别是在壁饱和条件下的行为； • 再循环的作用、对高约束性能的影响、控制； • 杂质对长脉冲特别是高约束等离子体的影响； • 第一壁材料的腐蚀及再沉积； • 材料的辐照损伤。

9. 下一代聚变装置中等离子体与表面的相互作用 • 在下一代装置中（像ITER）的运行条件和环境：放电脉冲时间和工作循环比起目前的聚变装置将大大延长，高热负荷以及更为强烈的等离子体破裂。

10. 未来聚变装置的主要特征和相关的PMI问题 • High energy content (several hundreds MJ vs. few MJ in current device) and power flow • More intense disruptions and disruption-related damage effects; • Require an effective reliable way to disperse the power to the divertor surfaces. • Long pulse duration (few hundreds s vs. fews in current devices) • require active cooling of PFCs and vessel structure and technique to pumping He ash ; • Require effective control of plasma purity and PMIs to achieve high plasma performance. • High duty factor (3%～10%) or pulse repetition rate • Short time for wall conditioning and tritium recovery from co-deposited films; • Remote maintenance with acceptable shot-down times. • Long cumulative run time • The erosion lifetime (needs to be replaced several times); • Tritium retention and dust (safety problems); • Neutron damages effects in the bulk surrounding materials and structures; • PFM surfaces will be modified by mixing effects; • Routine operation with large amount of tritium; • Superconducting magnet technology; • Fast remote maintenance for repair/ refurbishment of the in-vessel components and some of ex-vessel components; • 8) Safety:

11. 思考题 • 为什么要清除器壁中的氧，有哪些方法？ • 碳材料作为第一壁材料的主要优缺点是什么？ • 对长脉冲放电（1分钟到数小时）状态，最主要的PWI是什么，如何解决？