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Moods

Moods. Moods. Indicative: Declarative. Mark 1:14 “Jesus went ( ἦλθεν ) into Galilee, proclaiming the gospel of God.”. Indicative: Interrogative. John 3:10 “ Are ( εἶ ) you the teacher of Israel and you do not understand these things?”. Indicative: Conditional. 2 Tim 2:12

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Moods

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  1. Moods

  2. Moods

  3. Indicative: Declarative • Mark 1:14 • “Jesus went (ἦλθεν) into Galilee, proclaiming the gospel of God.”

  4. Indicative: Interrogative • John 3:10 • “Are ( εἶ ) you the teacher of Israel and you do not understand these things?”

  5. Indicative: Conditional • 2 Tim 2:12 • “If ( εἰ ) we endure (ὑπομένομεν), we will also reign together. If ( εἰ ) we will deny (ἀρνησόμεθα) Christ, he will also deny us.”

  6. Moods

  7. Subjunctive: Future Event • Mark 1:44 • “See (ὅρα) that you say (εἴπῃς) nothing to anyone, but go, show yourself to the priest.”

  8. Subjunctive: Indefinite (ἄν) • Matt 5:22 • ESV: “But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults (ὃς ... ἂν εἴπῃ) his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says (ὃς ... ἂν εἴπῃ), ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.”

  9. Subjunctive: Purpose ( ἵνα ) • Acts 16:29-30 • NIV: “The jailer called for lights, rushed in and fell trembling before Paul and Silas. He then brought them out and asked, ‘Sirs, what must I do to be saved ( ἵνα σωθῶ )’?”

  10. Subjunctive: Conditional ( ἐάν ) • Matt 4:9 • “‘All this I will give you,’ he said, ‘if (ἐάν) you will bow down and worship (προσκυνήσῃς) me’” (NIV).

  11. Subjunctive: Conditional ( ἐάν ) • 1 Tim 2:15 • Eve “will be saved through childbearing, if they remain (μείνωσιν) in faith and love and holiness, with modesty.”

  12. Subjunctive: Hortatory • Gal 6:9 • “Let us not become weary (ἐγκακῶμεν) in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up” (NIV).

  13. Moods

  14. Imperative: Command • Mark 1:3 • “Prepare (ἑτοιμάσατε) the way of the Lord, make (ποιεῖτε) his paths straight.”

  15. Imperative: Entreaty • James 1:5 • ESV: “If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask (αἰτείτω) God.” • NIV: “If any of you lacks wisdom, you should ask God.” • NLT: “If you need wisdom, ask our generous God.”

  16. Imperative: Prohibition • Matt 6:3 • “When you are giving alms, do not let (μὴ γίνεσθε) your left hand know what your right hand is doing.”

  17. Moods

  18. Infinitive: Verbal Noun • Phil 3:1 • “Rejoice in the Lord. To write (γράφειν) the same things to you is no trouble to me and is safe for you” (ESV).

  19. “Subject” in the Accusative • Heb 5:12 • “You have need of someone (τινά) to teach (διδάσκειν) you again the basic elements of God’s revelation.” χρείαν ἔχετε τοῦ διδάσκειν ὑμᾶς

  20. Complementary Infinitive • Matt 6:27 • “And which of you by being anxious can add (δύναται προσθεῖναι) a single hour to his span of life?” (ESV)

  21. Infinitive of Purpose • John 1:33 • “And I myself did not know him, but the one who sent me to baptize (βαπτίζειν) with water told me, ‘The man on whom you see the Spirit come down and remain is the one who will baptize with the Holy Spirit’” (NIV).

  22. Infinitive of Result (ὥστε) • Mark 1:45 • ESV: “But he went out and began to talk freely about it, and to spread the news, so that Jesus could no longer openly enter (ὥστε μηκέτι αὐτὸν δύνασθαι) a town.” • NIV: “As a result, Jesus could no longer enter a town.”

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