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Any Questions?. Ch 14- Frame Relay Configuration and Troubleshooting. Frame Relay Configuration and Verification Frame Relay Troubleshooting. Do I know this?. Go through the Quiz- 5 minutes.

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  1. Any Questions?

  2. Ch 14-Frame Relay Configurationand Troubleshooting • Frame Relay Configuration and Verification • Frame Relay Troubleshooting

  3. Do I know this? Go through the Quiz- 5 minutes

  4. 1. Imagine two Cisco routers, R1 and R2, using a Frame Relay service. R1 connects to a switch that uses LMI type ANSI T1.617, and R2 connects to a switch that uses ITU Q.933a. What keywords could be used in the R1 and R2 configuration so that the LMIswork correctly? a. ansi and itu b. T1617 and q933 c. ansi and q933 d. T1617 and itu e. This won’t work with two different types.

  5. 1. Imagine two Cisco routers, R1 and R2, using a Frame Relay service. R1 connects to a switch that uses LMI type ANSI T1.617, and R2 connects to a switch that uses ITU Q.933a. What keywords could be used in the R1 and R2 configuration so that the LMIswork correctly? a. ansi and itu b. T1617 and q933 c. ansi and q933 d. T1617 and itu e. This won’t work with two different types. Answer: C

  6. 2. BettyCo has five sites, with routers connected to the same Frame Relay network. VCshave been defined between each pair of routers. Betty, the company president, will fireanyone who configures anything that could just as easily be left as a default. Which of the following configuration commands, configured for the Frame Relay network,would get the engineer fired? a. ip address b. encapsulation c. lmi-type d. frame-relay map e. frame-relay inverse-arp

  7. 2. BettyCo has five sites, with routers connected to the same Frame Relay network. VCshave been defined between each pair of routers. Betty, the company president, will fireanyone who configures anything that could just as easily be left as a default. Which of the following configuration commands, configured for the Frame Relay network,would get the engineer fired? a. ip address b. encapsulation c. lmi-type d. frame-relay map e. frame-relay inverse-arp Answer: C, D, & E

  8. 3. WilmaCo has some routers connected to a Frame Relay network. R1 is a router at a remote site, with a single VC back to WilmaCo’s headquarters. The R1 configuration currently looks like this: interface serial 0/0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay Wilma, the company president, has heard that point-to-point subinterfaces are cool, and she wants you to change the configuration to use a point-to-point subinterface. Which of the following commands do you need to use to migrate the configuration? a. no ip address b. interface-dlci c. no encapsulation d. encapsulation frame-relay e. frame-relay interface-dlci

  9. 3. WilmaCo has some routers connected to a Frame Relay network. R1 is a router at a remote site, with a single VC back to WilmaCo’s headquarters. The R1 configuration currently looks like this: interface serial 0/0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay Wilma, the company president, has heard that point-to-point subinterfaces are cool, and she wants you to change the configuration to use a point-to-point subinterface. Which of the following commands do you need to use to migrate the configuration? a. no ip address b. interface-dlci c. no encapsulation d. encapsulation frame-relay e. frame-relay interface-dlci Answer: A & E

  10. 4. WilmaCo has another network, with a main site router that has ten VCs connecting to the ten remote sites. Wilma now thinks that multipoint subinterfaces are even cooler than point-to-point. The current main site router’s configuration looks like this: interface serial 0/0 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay Wilma wants you to change the configuration to use a multipoint subinterface. Which of the following do you need to use to migrate the configuration? Note: DLCIs 101 through 110 areused for the ten VCs.) a. interface-dlci 101 110 b. interface dlci 101-110 c. Ten different interface-dlci commands d. frame-relay interface-dlci 101 110 e. frame-relay interface dlci 101-110 f. Ten different frame-relay interface-dlci commands

  11. 4. WilmaCo has another network, with a main site router that has ten VCs connecting to the ten remote sites. Wilma now thinks that multipoint subinterfaces are even cooler than point-to-point. The current main site router’s configuration looks like this: interface serial 0/0 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay Wilma wants you to change the configuration to use a multipoint subinterface. Which of the following do you need to use to migrate the configuration? Note: DLCIs 101 through 110 areused for the ten VCs.) a. interface-dlci 101 110 b. interface dlci 101-110 c. Ten different interface-dlci commands d. frame-relay interface-dlci 101 110 e. frame-relay interface dlci 101-110 f. Ten different frame-relay interface-dlci commands Answer: F

  12. 5. Which of the following commands lists the information learned by Inverse ARP? a. show ip arp b. show arp c. show inverse arp d. show frame-relay inverse-arp e. show map f. show frame-relay map

  13. 5. Which of the following commands lists the information learned by Inverse ARP? a. show ip arp b. show arp c. show inverse arp d. show frame-relay inverse-arp e. show map f. show frame-relay map Answer: F

  14. 6. Which of the following are Frame Relay PVC status codes for which a router sends frames for the associated PVC? a. Up b. Down c. Active d. Inactive e. Static f. Deleted Answer: C & E

  15. 7. Central site router RC has a VC connecting to ten remote routers (R1 through R10), with RC’s local DLCIs being 101 through 110, respectively. RC has grouped DLCIs 107, 108, and 109 into a single multipoint subinterface S0/0.789, whose current status is “up and up.” Which of the following must be true? a. Serial 0/0 could be in an up/down state. b. The PVC with DLCI 108 could be in an inactive state. c. The show frame-relay map command lists mapping information for all three VCs. d. At least one of the three PVCs is in an active or static state.

  16. 7. Central site router RC has a VC connecting to ten remote routers (R1 through R10), with RC’s local DLCIs being 101 through 110, respectively. RC has grouped DLCIs 107, 108, and 109 into a single multipoint subinterface S0/0.789, whose current status is “up and up.” Which of the following must be true? a. Serial 0/0 could be in an up/down state. b. The PVC with DLCI 108 could be in an inactive state. c. The show frame-relay map command lists mapping information for all three VCs. d. At least one of the three PVCs is in an active or static state. Answer: D

  17. 8. Frame Relay router R1 uses interface S0/0 to connect to a Frame Relay access link. The physical interface is in an up/down state. Which of the following could cause this problem? a. The access link has a physical problem and cannot pass bits between the router and switch. b. The switch and router are using different LMI types. c. The router configuration is missing the encapsulation frame-relay command on interface S0/0. d. The router received a valid LMI status message that listed some of the DLCIs as inactive.

  18. 8. Frame Relay router R1 uses interface S0/0 to connect to a Frame Relay access link. The physical interface is in an up/down state. Which of the following could cause this problem? a. The access link has a physical problem and cannot pass bits between the router and switch. b. The switch and router are using different LMI types. c. The router configuration is missing the encapsulation frame-relay command on interface S0/0. d. The router received a valid LMI status message that listed some of the DLCIs as inactive. Answer: B, C, & E

  19. Any Questions?

  20. Frame Config and Verification • Can be complex or simple • System can autosense LMI • Can discover DLCI to IP mapping • Inverse ARP • If all cisco routers, can use default cisco encapsulation • With all default settings, just use Router1(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Pg 487

  21. Coordinate with Provider • Define which physical sites need a Frame Relay access link installed, and define the clock rate (access rate) used on each link • Define each VC by identifying the endpoints and setting the CIR • Agree to an LMI type (usually dictated by the provider) Pg 487

  22. Frame Design • Choose the IP subnetting scheme: one subnet for all VCs, one subnet for each VC, or a subnet for each fully meshed subset. • Pick whether to assign the IP addresses to physical, multipoint, or point-to-point subinterfaces. • Choose which VCs need to use IETF encapsulation instead of the default value of “cisco.” IETF encapsulation is typically used when one router is not a Cisco router. Pg 488

  23. Frame Config Step 1 Configure the physical interface to use Frame Relay encapsulation (encapsulation frame-relay interface subcommand). Step 2 Configure an IP address on the interface or subinterface (ip address subcommand). Step 3 (Optional) Manually set the LMI type on each physical serial interface (frame-relay lmi-type interface subcommand). Step 4 (Optional) Change from the default encapsulation of cisco to ietf by doing the following: a. For all VCs on the interface, add the ietf keyword to the encapsulation frame-relay interface subcommand. b. For a single VC, add the ietf keyword to the frame-relay interfacedlci interface subcommand (point-to-point subinterfaces only) or to the frame-relay map command. Step 5 (Optional) If you aren’t using the (default) Inverse ARP to map the DLCI to the next-hop router’s IP address, define static mapping using the frame-relay map ip dlci ip-address broadcast subinterface subcommand. Step 6 On subinterfaces, associate one (point-to-point) or more (multipoint) DLCIs with the subinterface in one of two ways: a. Using the frame-relay interface-dlci dlci subinterface subcommand b. As a side effect of static mapping using the frame-relay map ip dlc ip-address broadcast subinterface subcommand Pg 488

  24. Any Questions?

  25. Full Mesh-One subnet • Single Access link on each router • Each router connects to other routers • Use a single subnet for wan connections • All interfaces and subinterfaces are programmed on same network Pg 489

  26. Full Mesh Pg 489

  27. Mayberry Config interface serial0/0/0 encapsulation frame-relay ip address 199.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface fastethernet 0/0 ip address 199.1.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! router eigrp 1 network 199.1.1.0 network 199.1.10.0 • LMI is autosense • Default Encapsulcation (cisco) Pg 490

  28. Any Questions?

  29. Config Encapsulation and LMI • Change LMI type • frame-relay lmi-type ansi • Change Encapsulation • For all connections • encapsulation frame-relay ietf • For a single conenction • frame-relay interface-dlci 53 ietf Pg 491

  30. Address Mapping • Mapping links the layer 2 (DLCI) address to the layer 3 (IP) address • Mapping is needed on multiaccess networks • Inverse ARP • Static Mapping Pg 492

  31. Seeing the PVC • Show frame-relay pvc • Shows details of the PVCs that the router knows about • PVCs are identified by their DLCI PVC Statistics for interface Serial0/0/0 (Frame Relay DTE) Active Inactive Deleted Static Local 2 0 0 0 Switched 0 0 0 0 Unused 0 0 0 0 DLCI = 52, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/0 input pkts 46 output pkts 22 in bytes 2946 out bytes 1794 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 21 out bcast bytes 1730 pvc create time 00:23:07, last time pvc status changed 00:21:38 Pg 494

  32. Seeing the MAP • Show frame-relay map • Shows the mapping of DLCI to IP address Mayberry#show frame-relay map Serial0/0/0 (up): ip 199.1.1.2 dlci 52(0x34,0xC40), dynamic, broadcast,, status defined, active Serial0/0/0 (up): ip 199.1.1.3 dlci 53(0x35,0xC50), dynamic, broadcast,, status defined, active Pg 494

  33. Inverse ARP • Router sends out an I-ARP announcement with their IP address Pg 495

  34. Static Mapping • Manually Program the map on the interface that connects to the PVC Mayberry interface serial 0/0/0 no frame-relay inverse-arp frame-relay map ip 199.1.1.2 52 broadcast frame-relay map ip 199.1.1.3 53 broadcast Pg 496

  35. Any Questions?

  36. Partial Mesh-One Subnet per VC Pg 497

  37. Atlanta Config • Note how the DLCI is programmed into the subinterface Atlanta(config)#interface serial0/0/0 Atlanta(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Atlanta(config-if)#interface serial 0/0/0.1 point-to-point Atlanta(config-subif)#ip address 140.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 Atlanta(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 52 Atlanta(config-fr-dlci)#interface serial 0/0/0.2 point-to-point Atlanta(config-subif)#ip address 140.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 Atlanta(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 53 Atlanta(config-fr-dlci)#interface serial 0/0/0.3 point-to-point Atlanta(config-subif)#ip address 140.1.3.1 255.255.255.0 Atlanta(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 54 Atlanta(config-fr-dlci)#interface fastethernet 0/0 Atlanta(config-if)#ip address 140.1.11.1 255.255.255.0 Pg 498

  38. Why the interface-dlci command? • When using multiple DLCI on a single interface-need the interface DLCI • LMI tells router that PVCs with DLCI 52, 53, 54 are up • How does router know which ones go with which subinterface? Pg 499

  39. Options for putting DLCI on Subinterface • frame-relay interface-dlci • OR • Frame-relay map • This will disable inverse ARP Pg 500

  40. Global and Local Addressing • Routers only know local addresses • Diagrams may show global addresses • If a single DLCI is next to the router, that is the DLCI programmed on the other routers to specify the PVC to the router shown Pg 500

  41. Any Questions?

  42. Verification Atlanta#show frame-relay pvc SNIP--------------------------------------- DLCI = 52, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/0.1 input pkts 843 output pkts 876 in bytes 122723 out bytes 134431 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 876 out bcast bytes 134431 pvc create time 05:20:10, last time pvc status changed 05:19:31 Pg 501

  43. Verification DLCI = 53, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/0.2 input pkts 0 output pkts 875 in bytes 0 out bytes 142417 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 875 out bcast bytes 142417 pvc create time 05:19:51, last time pvc status changed 04:55:41 DLCI = 54, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/0.3 input pkts 10 output pkts 877 in bytes 1274 out bytes 142069 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 877 out bcast bytes 142069 pvc create time 05:19:52, last time pvc status changed 05:17:42 Pg 501

  44. Verfication Atlanta#show frame-relay map Serial0/0/0.3 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 54(0x36,0xC60), broadcast status defined, active Serial0/0/0.2 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 53(0x35,0xC50), broadcast status defined, active Serial0/0/0.1 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 52(0x34,0xC40), broadcast status defined, active • You can see the DLCI that represent the connections to the other side Pg 501

  45. Any Questions?

  46. Partial Mesh • Uses multipoint subinterface • When a partial mesh is used a multipoint interface connects two dlci on same interface Pg 503

  47. Multipoint Configuration interface serial0/0/0 encapsulation frame-relay ! interface serial 0/0/0.1 multipoint ip address 140.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 502 frame-relay interface-dlci 503 ! interface serial 0/0/0.2 point-to-point ip address 140.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 504 ! interface serial 0/0/0.3 point-to-point ip address 140.1.3.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 505 • Multipoints are used in the mesh portion • Single Subnet for all in the mesh • Two dlcis because two destinations • The IPs are found by Inverse ARP • Point to point are for non-mesh • When it is configured as point to point Pg 503

  48. Map for partial Mesh • See how the DLCIs come up RouterC#show frame-relay map Serial0/0/0.1 (up): ip 140.1.1.1 dlci 501(0x1F5,0x7C50), dynamic, broadcast,, status defined, active Serial0/0/0.1 (up): ip 140.1.1.2 dlci 502(0x1F6,0x7C60), dynamic, broadcast,, status defined, active Pg 506

  49. Any Questions?

  50. Troubleshooting • Use Pings • If router can ping other route Frame interface IP then it might be a layer 3 issue • If routers can’t ping Frame interfaces, then need to check Frame settings Pg 507

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