Homework: None

1. Bio 9D: Friday, 11.19.10 Title: Digestive System: Structures & Functions • Homework: None If I don’t yet have your lab report, it is now 2 days late. You have HW detention Monday if I don’t get it by then. • Silent Do Now: • Take out the Digestive System Reading Guide • (in notebook) What do each of the following words mean? • Structure • Function • Today’s Objectives: • Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function • Describe the structures and functions of digestive system organs, and explain how they relate to each other

2. Today’s Agenda • Extended Do Now – A series of slides that show pictures and ask you to write about them. (15 min) • Do this silently, on your own (no talking) • Group Poster Making – focused on connecting the structures & functions of digestive system organs (20 min) • Objectives for Class: • Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function • Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the digestive system

3. Digestive System:Structures & Functions • Structure • Shape, form • What it’s made of (parts, materials) • How it looks • Function • Job / purpose • What it does • How it works

4. Extended Do Now: Object #1: • Describe the structure of this object. (What is it made of? What’s its shape? What parts does it have?) • What is the function of this object? • How does its structure help it to perform its function? • Objectives for Class: • Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function • Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the digestive system

5. Extended Do Now: • Describe the structure of this object. (What is it made of? What’s its shape? What parts does it have?) • What is the function of this object? • How does its structure help it to perform its function? Object #2: • Objectives for Class: • Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function • Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the digestive system

6. Extended Do Now: • Describe the structure of this object. (What is it made of? What’s its shape? What parts does it have?) • What is the function of this object? • How does its structure help it to perform its function? Object #3: • Objectives for Class: • Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function • Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the digestive system

7. Discuss the Do Now… • Function: • Hold/contain/store things • Relate structure to function: • Sack-like shape with space inside to hold stuff • Drawstring opening can open to receive things, and close so they don’t fall out • Similar digestive organ: • Stomach • Function: • Dry things by absorbing water • Relate structure to function: • Cotton material is very absorbent • Tiny strings on surface provide more space for absorbing stuff • Similar digestive organ: • Small intestine • Function: • Crush things • Relate structure to function: • Hinges allow it to open to receive things & close to crush them • Metal provides hard crushing surface • Ridges prevent things from slipping out • Similar digestive organ: • Mouth

8. Digestive System:Structures & Functions • PURPOSE of the Digestive System: • Break down food into small molecules • Absorb these small molecules (nutrients, vitamins, water) into the bloodstream • Dispose of wastes from food • Two types of Digestion: • Mechanical – physically breaks down food into smaller chunks • Crushing, grinding • Chemical – chemical reactions that break food into smaller molecules • Uses enzymes

9. Small Group Activity:Digestive Organ Poster Work as a group to make a poster that includes: • A diagram of your organ • A note explaining which other organs it connects to • A written description that includes: • The structure of the organ • The functions of the organ, including: • What kind of mechanical digestion or transport happens here? • What chemical digestion happens here (if any)? (Hint: write the chemical reactions and include the enzymes) • How does its structure help it to perform its functions? Use textbooks and reading notes for reference. Work efficiently by dividing the tasks and working simultaneously.

10. Groups for Poster Activity Carlheb Kayla Hannah Nicholas Samantha Lorreno Miguel Marcelo Rayoni Christine Davnys Owen Warren Nekeyla Joas Courtney Jackson Devon Trae Loveng Dyani

11. Small Group Activity:Digestive Organ Poster Work as a group to make a poster that includes: • A diagram of your organ • A note explaining which other organs it connects to • A written description that includes: • The structure of the organ • The functions of the organ, including: • What kind of mechanical digestion or transport happens here? • What chemical digestion happens here (if any)? (Hint: write the chemical reactions and include the enzymes) • How does its structure help it to perform its functions? Use textbooks and reading notes for reference. Work efficiently by dividing the tasks and working simultaneously.

12. Bio 9D: Monday, 11.22.10 Title: Digestive System: Structures & Functions • Homework: • Digestive System Practice Questions (worksheet) Silent Do Now (in NB w/ title & date) Short paragraph in notebook: • Describe the structure and function of your group’s organ from Friday. How does its structure help with its function? • Today’s Objectives: • Explain how the structures of digestive organs fit their functions.

13. MOUTH Structure: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Chemical Digestion: Structure-Function Connection: ESOPHAGUS Structure: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Chemical Digestion: Structure-Function Connection: Hinged jaws, hard teeth, muscular tongue, saliva Long muscular tube Pushes food from mouth to stomach by peristalsis (waves of muscle contraction) Crushing, grinding, moistening food Proteinpepsin Peptides Starch salivaryamylase Glucose None Muscles help squeeze food down the tube Jaws open & close to crush; hard teeth grind; tongue mixes food w/ saliva LIVER Major Function: STOMACH Structure: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Chemical Digestion: Structure-Function Connection: Makes bile for lipid digestion in small intestine Muscular sac containing acids & enzymes Food churned/mixed with acids & enzymes; acids kill bacteria & loosen food particles GALLBLADDER Major Function: Stores and releases bile into small intestine PANCREAS Major Function: Muscles in stomach walls contract to churn food Makes enzymes for small intestine

14. MOUTH Structure: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Chemical Digestion: Structure-Function Connection: ESOPHAGUS Structure: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Chemical Digestion: Structure-Function Connection: Hinged jaws, hard teeth, muscular tongue, saliva Long muscular tube Pushes food from mouth to stomach by peristalsis (waves of muscle contraction) Crushing, grinding, moistening food Proteinpepsin Peptides Starch salivaryamylase Glucose None Muscles help squeeze food down the tube Jaws open & close to crush; hard teeth grind; tongue mixes food w/ saliva LIVER Major Function: STOMACH Structure: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Chemical Digestion: Structure-Function Connection: Makes bile for lipid digestion in small intestine Muscular sac containing acids & enzymes Food churned/mixed with acids & enzymes; acids kill bacteria & loosen food particles GALLBLADDER Major Function: Stores and releases bile into small intestine PANCREAS Major Function: Muscles in stomach walls contract to churn food Makes enzymes for small intestine

15. How the Internal Organs Fit Together Image shows major digestive, respiratory, and circulatory system organs Front View Back View Images: http://www.turbosquid.com/FullPreview/Index.cfm/ID/270177

16. SMALL INTESTINE Structure: Chemical Digestion: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Structure-Function Connection: LARGE INTESTINE Structure: Chemical Digestion: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Structure-Function Connection: Long narrow tube with millions of folds (villi) and hairs (microvilli) Wide tube w/ many bacteria living there Bacteria break down wastes and release vitamins Starch amylase Glucose Lipids lipase Fatty acids & glycerol Disaccharides Monosaccharides Peptides peptidase Amino acids Protein trypsin Peptides Water and vitamins absorbed into bloodstream Waste is solidified and compacted Width of tube provides space for waste to build up and get compacted ANUS Major Function: Bile breaks up lipid globs Villi absorb all nutrients/monomers into the bloodstream (glucose, amino acids, fatty acids…) RECTUM Major Function: Store digestive waste (feces) Long tube + villi/microvilli provide a lot of surface to absorb all the nutrients. Release feces from the body ZOOM IN ON THE SMALL INTESTINE!

17. Digestive System: Structures

18. Bio 9D: Tuesday, 11.23.10 Title: Digestion Project! • Homework: • Work on the Digestion Project… completed rough draft due next WEDNESDAY. • Silent Do Now: (in NB w/ title & date) • What proteins did you eat over the weekend? • In which organ did these proteinsstart to get chemically digested? (Check Digestion Man notes for help) • In which organ did these proteins finish getting digested and get absorbed into the bloodstream? • Today’s Objectives: • Follow carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids through the digestive system. • Describe the mechanical and chemical digestion that breaks down carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids

19. Introducing… The Digestion Project:The Creative Portrayal of the Digestive System • Project Overview • Example • Begin Digestion Project • Complete Steps 1-3 by class tomorrow • Today’s Objectives: • Follow carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids through the digestive system. • Describe the mechanical and chemical digestion that breaks down carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids

20. The Digestion Project: Day 2The Creative Portrayal of the Digestive System Before moving on from Step 2: • Get 3 colored pencils • In the chart for Step 2… • Choose one color for carbs.Circle all the chemical digestion that involves carbsin that color. • Choose another color for proteins. Do the same thing. • Choose a 3rd color for lipids. Do the same thing. Next Steps: • Organize your notes and story outline • Begin writing the story (completed rough draft due Monday)

21. MOUTH Structure: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Chemical Digestion: Structure-Function Connection: ESOPHAGUS Structure: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Chemical Digestion: Structure-Function Connection: LIVER Major Function: STOMACH Structure: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Chemical Digestion: Structure-Function Connection: GALLBLADDER Major Function: PANCREAS Major Function:

22. SMALL INTESTINE Structure: Chemical Digestion: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Structure-Function Connection: LARGE INTESTINE Structure: Chemical Digestion: Mechanical Digestion/Absorption: Structure-Function Connection: ANUS Major Function: RECTUM Major Function: