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Modeling the thermal structure of plate boundaries with COMSOL Multiphysics (FEMLAB)

Modeling the thermal structure of plate boundaries with COMSOL Multiphysics (FEMLAB). Laurent G.J. Montési, Mark D. Behn Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Jennifer L. Barry Swarthmore College. Outline. Thermal structures of ultraslow and Oblique Mid-Ocean Ridges

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Modeling the thermal structure of plate boundaries with COMSOL Multiphysics (FEMLAB)

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  1. Modeling the thermal structure of plate boundaries with COMSOL Multiphysics (FEMLAB) Laurent G.J. Montési, Mark D. Behn Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Jennifer L. Barry Swarthmore College

  2. Outline • Thermal structures of ultraslow and Oblique Mid-Ocean Ridges • Montési, Behn, and Barry (2005, 2006) • Formation of the Denali volcanic gap • Rondenay, Abers, and Montési (2006) • Gravity anomalies at ridge-transform intersections • Gregg, Lin, Behn, and Montési (2006) • All these projects use COMSOL Multiphysics, the code formerly known as FEMLAB • All could use addition of melt migration

  3. <15° Obliquity 15-40° >40° Mohns Ridge Knipovich Ridge Gakkel ridge Reykjanes Ridge Lena Trough Mid-Atlantic Ridge Terceira Rift Manus ETZ SouthWest Indian Ridge (SWIR) Ultraslow and Oblique Ridges

  4. Transition to ultraslow spreading for VE<~6.25 mm/yr, T1200>25km MAR- and SWIR type

  5. Oblique supersegment Obliquity up to 60° No en-échelon ridges Ridge lined by mantle blocks Punctual volcanic center, separated by 80+km Oblique Supersegment: 9-16°E Dick, Lin, and Schouten, 2003

  6. Focusing of enriched melts Standish, 2005

  7. SWIR 09-16°E area • 500x700x100 km3 area, 1.6 Million degrees of freedom: requires 12 Gb RAM, 24+ hours

  8. Melt anomaly associated with Joseph Mayes Seamount Melt body at 09-16°

  9. Segment-to-segment variations OK with 2D analysis, but no segment is truly 2D Relief at the base of the lithosphere focuses melt to orthogonal segments Temperature and melting at 09-16°E

  10. Include inclined crystallization front Original idea by Sparks and Parmentier, 1991 Effect of melt-rock reaction, proposity-dependent viscosity Melt focusing at the base of the lithosphere Montési, Kelemen and Spiegelman (still) in preparation

  11. Generic oblique segment Follows 1200° isotherm Focusing at outside corner Offset of melt collection zone and imposed ridge axis Melt trajectory at an oblique segment Barry et al., 2005

  12. Denali volcanic gap Rondenay, Abers, and Montési, 2006

  13. Temperature-dependent viscosity Focusing at the base of the lithosphere towards the arc Corner flow enhances heat flow takes ~100Ma to erode llithosphere No “hot pinch zone” in Denali gap because of Yakutat underplating Thermal structure Rondenay, Abers, and Montési, 2006

  14. What about COMSOL Multiphysics? • The code formerly known as FEMLAB • Pro: Easy to use • Predefined applications (fluid, solids, heat, steady-state, transient, poroelasticity, ALE mode) • GUI and scripting modes • Custom PDEs, ODEs • Easily coupled with MATLAB • Good performance at subduction benchmark (Mark Behn) • Cons: Restricted development • No parallelization (SMM in next version), use 64 bits for large models • Limited quad meshes, adaptative remeshing, dislocations • Commercial: need to pay, difficult to influence development

  15. Thank You The End

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