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HACK YOURSELF … BEFORE SOMEBODY ELSE DOES! Penetration testing is an essential part of any security program in any organization. We conducted this guide to make it simple to understand and help you to do it the right way. The guide is in Q&A format...

TSS | PENETRATION TESTING WHAT IS PENETRATION TESTING? Penetration testing is the practice of testing a computer system, network or Web application to find vulnerabilities that an attacker could exploit. They can be automated with software applications or can be performed manually. Either way, the process includes gathering information about the target before the test (reconnaissance), identifying possible entry points, attempting to break in (either virtually or for real) and report back the findings. Based on this definition, we can say "Penetration Testing is an essential security measure which is supposed to assess all system's safety measures before a real-world attacker does." There is no silver bullet to the problem of insecure software, especially when it comes to application security assessment software. This is why we adopt a Hybrid model of assessment that combines both automatic scanning and manual investigation

However, you have to distinguish between two different expressions: Penetration Testing & Vulnerabilities assessment. A vulnerability assessment is a process of Discovering, Documenting, and Quantifying the current security vulnerabilities found within an environment. Vulnerabilities Assessment: The primary goal of a vulnerability assessment is to Identify, Catalog, and Prioritize the Population of Vulnerabilities present within an environment. The intent is to Remediate the Identified Issue to an acceptable risk level. Vulnerability assessments often provide the most value when used by organizations that do not have an in-house security team. An organization may recognize issues within its environment but is in need of outside technical expertise to identify and address the weaknesses. A vulnerability assessment can help organizations understand the problem & establish a plan to remediate the identified vulnerabilities. A penetration test attempts to Simulate the Actions of an External or Internal Attacker who is trying to breach the information security of an organization. Penetration Testing: The primary goal of a penetration test can be customized Based on The Organization and Environment undergoing the test. A penetration test typically requires Achieving Some Level of Insider Access to demonstrate control of a critical system or asset on the internal network. Penetration testing should be conducted by an organization with at least a moderate level of maturity of its security operations. A reasonable level of security encompasses investment in security tools and processes and a team to manage its security operations. This level of maturity allows the organization to test not only the technical security of its environment, but its people, and the incident response procedures that support security operations.

WHY DO YOU NEED A PENTEST? CYBERCRIME THREAT IS INCREASING EVERY DAY. We do not need statistics anymore to hear about accidents. Everyone in the world have already known about the latest Facebook's data breach. Netflix, Disney, Sony and Nokia, all of them were victims of cybercriminals. You may think that you are not at risk, because your organization is not world-famous. However, in reality, SMEs are a potential and growing target for cybercriminals, according to all of statistics. A Vulnerability Scan is very good at finding known flaws, and anti-virus detection is likewise good at finding known threats, but Hackers are developing their tricks everyday. They take an action and you just wait to take a reaction. Therefore, you need to exploit what is not known and it is the purpose of a penetration test. Even if you have the best security teams that are making the best efforts to implement security controls, those controls are only as good as the sum of all of their parts, and just one single vulnerability can destroy your network. The Penetration Test is looking for that proverbial needle in the haystack. We seek to find the 1 or 2 issues within the larger interconnected web of controls and see where each successful execution will lead.

WHAT ARE BENEFITS OF PENETRATION TESTING? Manage The Risk Rightfully We will not be honest, if we argue that your system will be risk-free. But penetration testing will give you a baseline to work upon to minimize the risk in a structured and optimal way. Protect Your Business Continuity It is true that some Hackers are employee by other organization to stop the continuity of business by exploiting the vulnerabilities to cause a denial of service. Saving Your Money Saving your money by a penetration test is not just, because you will be far from the threat of fines or losing your reputation among customers, but also this test can lead you in your security plan. It would be necessary to spend more money across a broader range of aspects without penetration testing to guide you.

TSS | PENETRATION TESTING WHAT ARE BENEFITS OF PENETRATION TESTING? Helping You To Abide By GDPR According to GDPR, you will face much more significant penalties and fines if your business loses personal data because of poor cybersecurity. This regulation has come into force since May 2018 and will doubtless affect any company that does business within the EU or with its citizens. A Pen-Test Can Examine Your Team’s Capability To Treat With The Attack It is vital to check response times of available staff, i.e., the average time needed to bring the systems back up or regain access to data. In addition, it informs you about the reactions of employees to threats as well as testing if the procedures in place are adequate & everyone is ready to apply them. Helping To Increase Public Relationships And Guard The Reputation Of Your Company The perspective of the public for an organization is very sensitive to security issues and can have destructive consequences which may take years to repair. So, if you conduct a penetration test regularly, we can create a strong wall against the attackers who always tried to pene- trate and gain the access in any organization.

Look for a company you can trust: WHAT ARE THE BEST PRACTICES WHEN CHOOSING YOUR PENETRATION TESTING PARTNER? Remember that you will allow them to access your system. Have they worked with similar clients? Put yourself in contact with their previous customers. What kind of reputation does the company have in the marketplace? Define exactly what you need: To get the best value for your IT security investment, you need to know where you need help, why and what you want to test. What type of pentest do you need? Do not keep any question in your mind: Ask questions about the testing methodology. What defined procedures and tools does the company use? How do they protect your business and data during the testing? How do they remove false positives? Ask about options for retesting if you’re on the lookout for a long-term Pentesting partner. Find out who exactly will be conducting the testing: The company itself does not conduct a test, Persons do. You need to know the team who will work on your system. Interview them by phone, Skype or in person. Evaluate the skills of the Pentesting team. Focus your attention on the consequences of the test: Be aware about what you will receive at the end of the penetration test. Take a look on some reports from them. Read about what should be included in a penetration testing report. Regardless of what you’re looking for in a pentest report, make sure that it contains the right elements for whoever will read it.

WHAT ARE THE AREAS OF PENETRATION TESTING?

TSS | PENETRATION TESTING In this testing, the physical structure of a system needs to be tested to identify the vulnerability and risk which ensures the security in a network. The infrastructure part or the system part concentrates about: In the networking environment, a tester identities security flaws in design, implementation, or operation of the respective organization’s network. Network devices such as Routers, Switches, Firewalls etc. will be tested. The installed OSs versions like: Microsoft Windows, Linux, VMWare, Hyper-V & so on & these OSs installed for different infrastructure System components like: Active Directory, Exchange Mail Server, SQL DB, End Point Security solutions, Backup solutions and so on. The penetration test will be useful at this area to simulate either the internal attacks or the external attacks that will try to hack the servers and get unauthorized access that may lead to system compromise, denial of service, data loss, data theft, admin accounts password cracking and so on. Any discovered vulnerabilities through the Pen Test cycle may lead to penetrating the server and stop the service and from the business prospective the company may loss its business, reputation, money and may be closed. In this testing, the logical structure of the system needs to be tested. It is an attack simulation designed to expose the efficiency of an application’s security controls by identifying vulnerability and risk. The firewall and other monitoring systems are used to protect the security system, but sometime, it needs focused testing especially when traffic is allowed to pass through the firewall. The Pen Test may success because of existing vulnerabilities and may success also because of wrong configuration. Pay some money at the Pen Test service better than paying more and more money to the ransomware attacker to restore your data. " Approximately 50 percent of the attacks on corporate knowledge were initiated or accompanied by social engineering techniques. At the same time, employees are often not even aware of their complicity and thus become ignorant helpers of the attackers! " Social engineering gathers information on human interac- tion to obtain information about an or gani- zation and its computers. Karim Bremer, CEO, Eagle Security & Consulting GmbH It is beneficial to test the ability of the respective organization to prevent unauthorized access to its information systems. Likewise, this test is exclusively designed for the workflow of the organization. Learn More...

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF PENETRATION TESTING? BLACK BOX In black box penetration testing, tester has no idea about the systems that he is going to test. He is interested to collect information about the target system. For example, in this test, the assignee only knows what the expected outcome should be but does not know how the outcomes arrive. He does not examine any programming codes. As a result, this particular type of test can take a very long time to complete, so very often, the tester will rely upon the use of automated processes to completely uncover the weaknesses & vulnerabilities. WHITE BOX This is a comprehensive testing, as tester has been provided with whole range of information about the systems such as Schema, Source code, OS details, IP address, etc. it is normally considered as a simulation of an attack by an internal source. White box penetration testing examines the code coverage and does data flow testing, path testing, loop testing, etc. A White Box Test can be accomplished in a much quicker time frame when compared to a Black Box Test. The other advantage of this is that a much more thorough Pen Test can be completed. But, this approach also has its set of disadvantages. First, since a tester has complete knowledge, it could take more time to decide on what to focus specifically on regarding system and component testing and analysis. Second, to conduct this type of test, more sophisticated tools are required such as that of software code analyzers and debuggers. GREY BOX This type of test is a combination of both the Black Box and the White Box Testing. In this type, a tester usually gets limited information about the internal details of the program of a system. It can be considered as an attack by an external hacker who had gained illegitimate access to an organization's network infrastructure documents.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN INTERNAL & EXTERNAL PENETRATION TEST? External Penetration Testing This is the more common form of penetration testing and is considered traditional as it has been in use for quite some time. This approach is designed to test out the ability of an intruder to the internal network of a computer system. The goal of this form of testing is to access specific services and the desired information that can be found. This is done by going through exposed servers, the clients, and people who may interact with the system itself. Internal Penetration Testing The main difference between internal and external penetration testing is that with internal it is assumed the attacker already has access. Or, perhaps they have gained access through means inside the system. This is the approach taken to simulate an attacker on the inside. An attack from the inside has the potential to do far greater damage compared to an outside or external attack because some of the protection systems have already been bypassed and in many cases the person on the inside has knowledge about the network itself. This means they understand where it is located and know what to do right from the start. This provides them with a strong advantage over an external threat.

WHEN & HOW OFTEN DO YOU NEED PENETRATION TESTING? It is a common mistake that many organizations start a pen test too early. When a system or network is being deployed, changes are constantly occurring, and if a company undertakes a pen test too early in that process, it might not be able to catch possible future security vulnerabilities. In general, you should conduct a pen test right before a system is available into production, once the system is no longer in a state of constant change. A pen test is not a one-time task. In order to ensure more consistent and secured IT network, you should perform penetration testing on a regular basis. A penetration tester helps in identifying new threats and vulnerabilities. In addition to regular analysis and assessment, test should be run whenever: - Significant changes are made to the infrastructure or network. - Any Upgrade &modification are applied - New application release/addition - A new office is added to the network - End user policies are changed Did you have any of the above recently... Speak to our expert

WHAT SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN A PENETRATION TESTING REPORT? An Executive Summary Describing your overall security situation and indicating vulnerabilities that require immediate attention. A detailed list of the vulnerabilities with technical review Describing the activities performed to determine vulnerabilities and the results of the activities conducting in attacking target systems, including the methodologies used. Potential Impact of Vulnerability After testing, you need to prioritize which vulnerabilities are to fix first and which ones will take the most time and resources for the organization. Once you can recognize the weaknesses, your security team can work on avoiding the most dangerous ones. Multiple Vulnerability Remediation Options Recommendations to optimize protection of the assets identified in the report, with consideration of the resulting cost in capital investment, operation and maintenance, personnel and time.

HOW TO MAXIMIZE THE VALUE OF A PENETRATION TESTING? Review the Report in details and share your comments with testing team. Then, Arrange a meeting between the penetration testing team and the cyber security staff in the company. and Finally, After covering all the vulnerabilities, scan the system again.

CAN A PENTEST BREAK MY SYSTEM? The penetration test alone is extremely unlikely to cause any service disruptions unless that is something the client decides to include as part of the testing parameters (which is extremely rare). Yes, it is true that pen testers are usually paid to break the rules. After all, they have to follow rules too. Moreover, when we talk about ethical hacking, the best, safest and most used method is to practice within a virtual environment. Virtual machines are safe because if a guest VM faces a problem, the host machine will remain safe. In any case, it is very important to remember the rules of engagement must be formally registered and approved by the client. This includes defining a clear scope for the assessment; explicitly mentioning which systems or assets are red lines; what type of tests examiners can perform; the time windows for execution; and a clear communication channel for emergencies.

HOW CAN PENETRATION TESTS SUPPORT COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS SUCH AS ISO 27001? ISO 27001 is a specification for an information security management system (ISMS). An ISMS is a framework of Information security is achieved by implementing a suitable set of controls, including policies, processes, procedures, organizational structures & software and hardware functions. These controls need to be established, implemented, monitored, reviewed and improved. The Pen Test service will be useful at the following points for ISO 27001 ISMS: The Pen Test service with its cycle starting from the information gathering, the vulnerability assessment and the exploitation phase can be used as an input to one of the mandatory controls at the ISO 27001 which is the Risk Assessment Part (Clause 8.2) and the Risk Treatment Part (Clause 8.3). without doing these mandatory controls the organization will not take the ISO 27001 ISMS certificate. The Pen Test can be considered one of the Internal Audit parts or components (Clause 9.2) to raise the findings and resolve them. The Pen Test service can be very useful at some of the 114 Annex A controls that need to be applied at the organization like: A.6.1.2 (Segregation of duties) A.9 (Access Control to Information Assets) A.12 (Operation Security) A.14 (Securing application Services on Public Networks Technical review of applications after operating platform changes System Security Testing) A.17 (Business Continuity Management)

TSS | PENETRATION TESTING ABOUT TRUSTED SECURITY SOLUTIONS (TSS) Trusted Security Solutions (TSS) specialized in information security services. The company has been founded in Egypt in 2010 and expanded steadily in the Gulf countries and recently take the first step to serving more customers in the European markets through our office in Berlin. WHAT WE DO We help clients focus on their core business while we take care of securing their information technology environment. We partner with leading technology providers to deliver transformational outcomes. WHY CHOOSE US? TSS has a Hand-Picked Team of leading industry experts in Information Security Services. The talents are developing their capabilities continuously independently and through the company programs. Our approach is a long-term partnership with our customer to achieve a win-win situation for both parties. TEAM CERTIFICATIONS GIAC Certified Incident Handler Certified Ethical Hacking Certified Cloud Security Professional Certified Forensic Computer Examiner Certified Information Systems Security Professional Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional

UAE, Dubai Business Center, Dubai World Center, P.O. Box 390667 Email : info@tss4it.com Phone : +971 (04) 816 0001,+971 (04) 814 136 Germany, Berlin Sony Center, Kemperplatz 1, 8th Floor, 10785 Email : sharaf@tss4it.com Phone : +49 1520 4133 133 Saudi Arabia, Riyadh Malaz District, Ihsaa Street, Alhoshan Complex, 1st Floor P.O. Box 90872, Riyadh 11623 Email : info@tss4it.com Phone : +966 (11) 47 94 147, +966 (11) 476625 Kuwait Shayma Tower Floor 10 | Murgab, Block 3, Plot 8A+8B. Omar Bin Al-Khattab Street PO Box – 5819, Kuwait City, Safat 13059. Kuwait Email : info@tss4it.com Tel : +965 222 71 773 Fax : +965 222 71 666 Egypt, Cairo Badr Tower, 56 Misr Helwan Agricultural, Maadi, Cairo 11728 Email : info@tss4it.com Phone : +20 (02) 27507567, 20 (02) 27507566 CONTACT US

Contact us Cyber Fox Technology Address: 3rd Floor, Lohia Towers, Nirmala Convent Road, Patmata Distt. Krishna , Vijayawada (India) Contact Email: info@cyberfoxtechnology.org Mobile: +91-9652038194 Website: http://cyberfoxtechnology.org

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