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Civil War

Civil War. Section 1. Vocabulary. Border States Definition: slave state that stayed with the Union Sentence: Border states felt preserving the Union was the most important issue. Vocabulary. Blockade

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Civil War

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  1. Civil War Section 1

  2. Vocabulary • Border States • Definition: slave state that stayed with the Union • Sentence: Border states felt preserving the Union was the most important issue.

  3. Vocabulary • Blockade • Definition: the isolating or closing off of a port by hostile ships to prevent entrance or exit • The Union blockaded Southern ports.

  4. Notes • Question #1 • What were the strengths and weaknesses of the North and South?

  5. Notes

  6. Notes • Northern Advantages: • Could Field, Feed, and Equip an Army • More People • 2/3 of the countries population • Better Transportation • 2x the rail roads • 2X the Farm Fields • More Industry • 110,000 FACTORIES

  7. Notes • Northern Strategy • Blockade the South • Gain Control of the Mississippi River • Invade Richmond VA

  8. Notes • Northern Weakness • Weak generals at the beginning of the war • Not many trained Soldiers • Fighting mostly occurred in the South on unfamiliar terrain

  9. Notes • Southern Advantages • Military Advantage • Will to fight • Top Military Generals • Home Turf • Help from locals

  10. Notes • Southern Strategy • Fight until the North gave up or realized the South would become its own nation • Supplied by Britain

  11. Notes • Southern Weakness • Not many factories • Less advanced weaponry • Fewer people to fight • Little transportation

  12. Notes • Soldiers: • South • Men ages 18-45 • Mostly poor farmers • North • ½ Farmers • ¼ immigrants

  13. Notes • Conditions: • Muddy roads and fields • No clean water • Disease: Small Pox, Typhoid Fever • Prisons were over crowded and lacked resources. Many prisoners were forced to eat rodents or die

  14. Civil War Section 2

  15. Vocabulary • Iron Clad • War ships covered with protective iron plates • The ironclads faced each other in only one battle.

  16. Vocabulary • Casualty • A person killed or injured in battle • The Civil War saw the highest casualty rate out of any American War

  17. Notes • Question 2 • Why did neither the Union nor the Confederacy gain a strong advantage during the early years of the war?

  18. Notes • New technologies used in the Civil War • New Rifles were more accurate and quicker to load  • Ironclads were warships covered with protective iron plates. • The Unions’ was named the Monitor and the Confederacy’s was named Merrimack.

  19. Notes • Reactions: After each video write a reaction to it • Leave 2 lines between each • Video 1 • Video 2 • Video 3 • Video 4

  20. Video • http://www.history.com/topics/civil-war-technology/videos#civil-war-biological-warfare • http://www.history.com/topics/civil-war-technology/videos#trench-warfare • http://www.history.com/videos/civil-war-weapons-whose-were-better#civil-war-weapons-whose-were-better • http://www.history.com/videos/civil-war-weapons-whose-were-better#extreme-history-civil-war-troop-training

  21. Notes • The War in the East • U.S. General, Like General McClellan were overly cautious • Rarely attacked the southern army • The North lost several of the first major battle of the Civil War including Bull Run and Chancellorsville • Lee tried to invade the north twice and failed

  22. Notes • Antietam Creek • Location: Sharpsburg MD • Casualties: N:12,400 • S: 13,700 • Leaders: N: McClellan • S: Lee • Outcome: North Won • Importance: • Lincoln would write the Emancipation Proclamation • Bloodiest single day battle in US History

  23. Notes • The War in the West • Main goal was to conquer the Mississippi River • Heaviest fighting took place in Tennessee and Mississippi • South lost New Orleans • Ironclads didn’t work as well as they hoped

  24. Notes • Battle of Shiloh • Location: Shiloh Tennessee • Casualties: N:13,000 • S: 13,700 • Leaders: N: Grant • S: Johnston/ Beauregard • Outcome: North Won • Importance: Shown Grant would fight at any cost

  25. Notes • Battle of Shiloh • http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/videos#the-battle-of-shiloh

  26. Civil War Section 3

  27. Vocabulary • Emancipate • To free from restraint, control, or from the power of another • Abraham Lincoln emancipated the slaves in the southern states.

  28. Vocabulary • Habeas Corpus • The right of a citizen to obtain protection against illegal imprisonment • Your right to habeas corpus prevents you from being arrested without a warrant.

  29. Vocabulary • Draft • To select for required military service. • During the Civil War both sides drafted men to fight.

  30. Vocabulary • Greenbacks • A legal tender note issued by the US Government to be used as currency. • Greenbacks were easy to counterfeit during the Civil War.

  31. Vocabulary • Inflation • The general rise in prices • During the Civil War inflation rose dramatically in the United States.

  32. Notes • Question #3 • What social, political, and economic changes resulted from the War?

  33. Notes • Emancipating the Slaves • After the Battle of Antietam, Lincoln released the Emancipation Proclamation • It freed slaves only in areas fighting the union. (Not in Border States) • Many freed slaves began to join the Union Army

  34. Notes

  35. Civil War Section 4

  36. Vocabulary • Siege • the act or process of surrounding and attacking a fortified place in such a way as to isolate it from help and supplies. • Sherman took siege of Atlanta Georgia.

  37. Notes • Question #4 • How did the events at Gettysburg and Vicksburg change the course of the war?

  38. Notes • Vicksburg • Location: Vicksburg, Mississippi • Casualty: N 10,000 • S 9,000 • Leaders: N Grant • S Johnston • Outcome: North Won • Importance: Union gained control of the Mississippi • Turning point in the west

  39. Agenda • Notes (1 slide) • Videos (3) • Worksheet: Gettysburg Address • Quiz Friday: Importance of Gettysburg and Vicksburg, Social, Political, and Economic Changes • Homework: Packet due Tuesday

  40. Notes • Gettysburg • Location: Gettysburg, PA • Casualty: N 23,050 • S 28,000 • Leaders: N Meade • S Lee • Outcome: North Won • Importance: Turning point in the East • Lee would never go farther North

  41. Videos • http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-gettysburg/videos#gettysburg-battle-strategy • http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-gettysburg/videos#chamberlain-defends-little-round-top • http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-gettysburg/videos#last-charge-at-gettysburg

  42. Civil War Section 5

  43. Vocabulary • Total War • The organized destruction of an entire land- not just its army • Sherman used total war to force the South to surrender.

  44. Notes • Question #5 • What events led to the end of the war?

  45. Notes • Sherman’s March to the Sea • Started in Georgia then went to the coast and north through the Carolinas ending in Richmond, VA • Burned down cities, towns, and farms including Atlanta, GA. Stole food and supplies, Killed lives stock, tore up rail roads. • Forced Southern soldiers to return home to help their families with the devastation

  46. Notes • Fall of Richmond • April 2, 1865 Conf lines broke and Lee with drew from Petersburg • When word of Lee’s retreat reached Richmond, Davis and his cabinet gathered documents and gave orders to burn bridges and weapons that would be useful to the Union • Confederates set fire to the city and left

  47. Notes • Appomattox Court House • Formal end of the war came on April 9,1865 • Lee and Grant met at Appomattox Court House, VA • Terms of Surrender: • Lee’ s soldiers could keep small fire arms • Officers could keep their horses • No one would disrupt troops on their way home

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