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LORD OF THE FLIES. By William Golding. Introduction To Novel. TODAY: Imagination Agree/Disagree About the Author About the Plot HOMEWORK: Read Chapter One by Tuesday Answer Ch.1 Questions & Vocab. as you read – due Tuesday
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LORD OF THE FLIES By William Golding
Introduction To Novel TODAY: • Imagination • Agree/Disagree • About the Author • About the Plot HOMEWORK: • Read Chapter One by Tuesday • Answer Ch.1 Questions & Vocab. as you read – due Tuesday • Complete the Character Chart as you read Chapters 1 & 2 – due Wednesday
Imagination is Essential! • This story takes place in a single location, and being able to imagine the story as it happens is very important to understanding the text. Close your eyes and relax. Imagine the following scenario …. • On a separate sheet of paper, write about how you felt while on this imagined island. What were some of your thoughts, and what do you plan to do about your predicament? Do you see the lack of grown-ups as a good thing or a bad thing and why?
Agree/Disagree • When given a chance, people often single out and degrade or bully another in order to improve themselves. • Society is what holds everyone together, and without laws and rules, our ideals, values, and the basics of right and wrong are lost. • The power of control can overwhelm a person. • If humanity is to survive, innocence may have to be sacrificed. • When the institutions of law and order slip away or are ignored, human beings revert to a more primitive part of their nature. • Whenever groups of people coexist, there will be a struggle for power. • It’s better to examine the consequences of a decision before it is made, than to discover them afterwards. • Children are capable of horrific behavior. • Anyone is capable of murder. • The reason most people hunt is for the thrill of the chase.
About the Author • Awarded both the prestigious Pulitzer Prize for Literature in 1983 and the coveted Booker Prize in 1980, William Golding's writing continues to touch every country in the world and is today read in more than 35 languages. He was knighted by the Queen in 1988, and his classic novel Lord of the Flies is a global phenomenon. • His novels are relatively few in number - twelve. Golding also wrote plays, many essays and reviews, several short stories, some poems, and a travel book about Egypt. He left at his death a journal of more than two million words. He seems to have known from childhood that he wanted to be a writer. His first published work appeared when he was twenty-three. • Quite apart from his obvious achievements as a writer, it is worth pointing out the vast range and diversity of the subject matter of his novels, and the challenge he set himself. Perhaps his greatest achievement is to have lived through the most terrible and inhumane of centuries, and to have left behind a body of work that can be said to reflect much of the horror of that time as well as an understanding of it.
Who was William Golding? • William Golding • Birthplace: Cornwall, England (1911) • Occupation: a school teacher – taught English & philosophy at Bishop Wordsworth’s School • A rationalist (values reason over experience) • Schooling: Oxford University (Bachelor in English, diploma in education) • Military: Served in the Royal Navy from 1940-1945 (during World War II) • Death: Died in Cornwall, England in 1993
About LORD OF THE FLIES • History Behind LOTF: • Golding’s first successful book • Published in 1954 • Written less than a decade after World War II and during the Cold War • Reflects the horrific effects of the Holocaust and the Atomic Bomb • Demonstrates the brutality shown by the Nazis and argues that this behavior can be exhibited by any group • During this time, the distressed public turned to the leader who appeared the strongest and offered the most protection (Hitler) • In exchange for protection, people will dismiss any moral reservations they have about policies and follow the leader
Who are “The Flies”? • Basic Plot: • Tragic parody of children ‘s adventure tales • British school boys stranded on a tropical island and must rely on one another for survival • Boys are lead from hope to despair (from paradise to hell) as they attempt to survive in their uncivilized, unsupervised and isolated environment until they are rescued.
LORD OF THE FLIES Plot Summary A group of English schoolboys are plane-wrecked on a deserted island. At first, the stranded boys cooperate, attempting to gather food, make shelters, and maintain signal fires.Overseeing their efforts are Ralph, “the boy with fair hair,” and Piggy, Ralph’s chubby, wisdom-dispensing sidekick whose thick spectacles come in handy for lighting fires. Although Ralph tries to impose order and delegate responsibility, there are many in their number who would rather swim, play, or hunt the island’s wild pig population.Soon Ralph’s rules are being ignored or challenged outright. His fiercest antagonist is Jack, the redheaded leader of the pig hunters, who manages to lure away many of the boys to join his band of painted savages.The situation deteriorates as the trappings of civilization continue to fall away, until Ralph discovers that instead of being hunters, he and Piggy have become the hunted.
The Teaser: http://www.60secondrecap.com/library/lord-of-the-flies/1/
TODAY: • Life without rules • The breakdown of civilization • Themes/Overview/Motifs • Journal #6 • Listen to Ch. 1 HOMEWORK: • Finish Reading Ch. 1 • Complete Ch. 1 Questions & Vocab. – due Thursday • Ch.1-2 Character Chart – due Thursday
Life Without Rules • Every kid dreams of what life would be like without adults. No rules, no curfews, and as much of your favorite food as you could ever want to eat. Sounds like paradise, right? • Not for the cast of William Golding’s novel, Lord of the Flies. Of course, the complicating factor for the boys in Lord of the Flies is that they’re marooned on a desert island. Which means they have to worry about survival—and a lurking Beast—and can’t just enjoy life without adults. • The other complicating factor is that Golding’s Lord of the Flies isn’t just some cheerful adventure story. It’s actually a study in the human tendency toward barbaric behaviors. It’s about the conflict between civilization and savagery, and it’s about what happens when we let our primal side get the better of us. One hint: William Golding was not an optimist.
The building…and breakdown…of civilization POWER PIGS FIRE FIGHTING WRECK RESCUE TERROR TRIBES DESPAIR DEATH RESCUE? The Plot: http://www.60secondrecap.com/library/lord-of-the-flies/3
Thinking Thematically… • Themes in LOTF: • Loss of Innocence (Order vs. Chaos) • Civilization vs. Savagery • the boys’ transformation from civilized, proper school boys to wild, impulsive savages with little regard for order • the instinct to live by rules, act peacefully, follow moral commands, and value the good of the group against the instinct to gratify one’s immediate desires, act violently to obtain supremacy over others, and enforce one’s will. • Civilization = good; Savagery = bad • Humans are innately evil (Good vs. Evil) • Human beings are naturally inclined towards evil and violent behavior • This is shown when order/government/authority is in question • Loss of innocence is present as we see good boys do bad things • Conflict of Reason (Reason vs. Emotion) • Nature vs. Nurture • Good and evil are permanently intertwined and in constant conflict • Conflict seen in characters like Ralph, Piggy, Jack and Simon
The overview: http://www.60secondrecap.com/library/lord-of-the-flies/2/ Themes: http://www.60secondrecap.com/library/lord-of-the-flies/8/ Motifs: http://www.60secondrecap.com/library/lord-of-the-flies/6/
Pair & Share Discussion QuestionsJournal #6: • THE CENTRAL/ENDURING QUESTION: • How does conflict effect relationships and/or group behavior? • Does society help us to be better people? • Do good people do bad things? Give examples (sports heroes, politicians, every-day people who make the news, etc.) • Who here likes rules? What if your parents & teachers had never been there to give you rules? What would happen if everyone could do whatever they wanted? • In a world filled with electronic gadgets, decide what is truly essential for survival in this day and age. • List the top 5 items/people you would miss from your daily life if you were stuck on an island for an infinite amount of time. WHY?
Chapter One Review TODAY: • Allegories • Characters • Leadership • Journal #7 HOMEWORK: • Read Ch. 2 • Complete Ch. 2 Questions & Vocab. • Finish Character Chart – due tomorrow!
Chapter 1 Review • The fair boy (Ralph) and the fat boy (“Piggy”) realize they are on an island with no adults. • Their airplane crashed and there must be other boys on the island. • Piggy mentions an Atomic Bomb, mentioning that the people at the airport are not alive, and no one knows where they are. We can assume the boys were being evacuated from England before their plane crashed (WWII). • The boys decide to take a swim and find a conch shell. They use the shell to summon the other boys who may have been on the airplane. • Numerous boys emerge and meet up with Piggy and Ralph. The boys summon a meeting and vote Ralph as their chief. The boys range in age from about 5-12 years old. • We are introduced to Jack Merridew, who immediately causes tension in the group (antagonist). • Jack, Ralph, and Simon explore the land and realize they are in fact on an island. • On their way back to meet up with the other boys, they discover a small pig, but Jack doesn’t have the heart to kill it. He promises that “next time there will be no mercy” (foreshadowing).
Literary Elements…Allegory & Characters • LOTF can be seen as…. • An Allegory • Definition: literal ideas (books, novels, characters, etc) that represent something other than what they are • LOTF Characters as an allegory: • Ralph • Government/Order/Civilization • Jack • Evil/Savagery/Power • Piggy • Intelligence/Reason • Simon • Virtue/Goodness
LOTF CHARACTERS • Ralph - The novel’s protagonist, the twelve-year-old English boy who is elected leader of the group of boys marooned on the island. Ralph attempts to coordinate the boys’ efforts to build a miniature civilization on the island until they can be rescued. Ralph represents human beings’ civilizing instinct, as opposed to the savage instinct that Jack embodies. • Jack - The novel’s antagonist & one of the older boys stranded on the island. Jack becomes the leader of the hunters but longs for total power and becomes increasingly wild, barbaric, and cruel as the novel progresses. Jack, adept at manipulating the other boys, represents the instinct of savagery within human beings, as opposed to the civilizing instinct Ralph represents.
LOTF CHARACTERS • Simon - A shy, sensitive boy in the group. Simon, in some ways the only naturally “good” character on the island, behaves kindly toward the younger boys and is willing to work for the good of their community. Moreover, because his motivation is rooted in his deep feeling of connectedness to nature, Simon is the only character whose sense of morality does not seem to have been imposed by society. Simon represents a kind of natural goodness, as opposed to the unbridled evil of Jack and the imposed morality of civilization represented by Ralph and Piggy. • Piggy - Ralph’s “lieutenant.” A whiny, intellectual boy, Piggy’s inventiveness frequently leads to innovation, such as the makeshift sundial that the boys use to tell time. Piggy represents the scientific, rational side of civilization.
LOTF Minor Characters • Roger - Jack’s “lieutenant.” A sadistic, cruel older boy who brutalizes the littluns, which eventually leads to murder. • Sam and Eric - A pair of twins closely allied with Ralph. Sam and Eric are always together, and the other boys often treat them as a single entity, calling them “Sam-n-eric.” The easily excitable Sam and Eric are part of the group known as the “bigguns.” But at the end of the novel, they fall victim to Jack’s manipulation and coercion. • The Lord of the Flies - The name given to the pig’s head that Jack’s gang impales on a stake and erects in the forest as an offering to the “beast.” The Lord of the Flies comes to symbolize the primitive instincts of power and cruelty that take control of Jack’s tribe.
/ The Characters: http://www.60secondrecap.com/library/lord-of-the-flies/4/ Simon: http://www.60secondrecap.com/library/lord-of-the-flies/5/ Protagonist: http://www.60secondrecap.com/library/lord-of-the-flies/9
Which boy would you choose as your leader & WHY? A. Ralph B. Simon D. Jack C. Piggy
Leadership Discussion Questions– Journal #7 • What makes a good leader? • Why did you choose this boy as your leader? • How does a good leader behave? • Why is choosing a correct leader so important? • Give an example of a leader in your life, and discuss why this person is a good or bad leader. Give specific examples of their leadership style (teacher, parent, coach, mentor, group leader, etc.). • What types of problems might a group of boys living together experience? What type of problems might a group of girls living together experience?
Chapter Two Review TODAY: • Symbols/Symbolism • Conflict & Leadership • Allegory Review HOMEWORK: • Read Ch. 3 • Complete Ch. 3 Questions & Vocab. • Ch. 1-3 Questions & Character Chart due tomorrow! • Quiz tomorrow – Ch. 1-3!!!
Chapter 2 Review • Ralph is chief and decides the boys need some rules, such as they have to hold the conch shell to speak. • Piggy is realistic and tells the boys they need to figure out how to survive and that they may be on this island for a very long time. • Ralph declares that “this is a good island” (foreshadowing!) • One of the small boys claims he saw a “beastie”. Jack says of course there isn’t a beast, but just in case, they will hunt for it. • Ralph declares that they must set up a fire on top of the mountain as a signal in case a ship comes by (Ralph’s father is in the navy, and Ralph is sure that his father will rescue them). • Piggy admits that they are acting like “a bunch of kids” because the boys just want to hunt, play, and burn things. Piggy insists that that they must build shelters before they hunt or build a fire. • The boys use Piggy’s glasses to start the fire, but as they are arguing over the fact that no one ever listens to Piggy, the fire spreads and burns down a part of the island. The littleun with the birthmark is missing (this is the small boy who saw “the beastie”). We can assume that he was killed by the fire.
SYMBOLS • Common symbols: stop sign, peace sign, heart - what other symbols are present in our everyday life? • SYMBOLISM in LOTF: • The Conch Shell • Piggy’s Glasses • The Fire • Flies • What might each object represent?
SYMBOLS • The Conch: The conch is the object that brings order to the group of boys and is a symbol of democratic power. Ralph first uses it to call the boys together, and the person who is holding it is allowed to speak. Jack first tries to take the conch for power but eventually discards and ignores it. If the conch gets smashed, it would symbolize the loss of civilization on the island. • Piggy’s Glasses: Piggy is the intellectual of the group and his glasses are the key to fire, another symbol for civilization vs. savagery. Intellect is often stereotyped with glasses, and it is fitting that Piggy, the smart, reasonable one would be wearing them. What would happen if Piggy’s glasses were broken?
SYMBOLS • Fire: The fire is an indicator of civic behavior or savage betrayal; in the beginning the boys use the fire as a signal to be rescued, but it is eventually abandoned by Jack because he wants to go hunting. Later in the novel, the fire is the center of tribal savage activity. • The Lord of the Flies: Embodied in the severed head of a pig and metaphysically speaking to the character of Simon, the Lord of the Flies is a literal translation from the biblical term “Beelzebub” which is another name for the devil. In the novel, it is the idea of evil inside each one of us.
SYMBOLS • The Beast: The “beast” that frightens all the boys stands for the primal instinct of savagery that exists within all human beings. The boys are afraid of the beast, but only Simon reaches the realization that they fear the beast because it exists within each of them. As the boys grow more savage, their belief in the beast grows stronger. You will see the boys are leave the beast sacrifices and treating it as a god. The boys’ behavior is what brings the beast into existence, so the more savagely the boys act, the more real the beast seems to become. • http://www.60secondrecap.com/library/lord-of-the-flies/7/
CONFLICT & LEADERSHIP • Internal: Ralph is the main spokesperson of the story and struggles with how to be a leader and how the boys behavior changes over time. He wants to keep things in order and he wants to be rescued, but he sometimes lacks the know-how to do so and doesn’t always respect the knowledge of Piggy. He struggles mildly when the “assemblies” don’t accomplish anything , when Jack doesn’t keep his responsibilities by keeping the fire going , and then when Jack breaks away from the group, taking most of the boys with him. • External: External conflict is most often exemplified in the power struggle between Ralph and Jack. Ralph represents goodness and ruling with regard to others while Jack is interested in self-gratification and personal survival. Ralph’s first concern is to be rescued while Jack doesn’t seem to care and just wants to hunt. Ralph manages with a conch delegating who gets to speak while Jack orders his comrades with an iron fist. Ralph was elected while Jack fought to gain power by coercion or control. This power struggle is first seen when Jack tries to become chief and is jealous when Ralph wins by popular vote after being elected by Piggy & the boys. The struggle culminates throughout the story.
ALLEGORY REVIEW • You may feel that a great deal of the novel is allegorical. We can look at both events and characters to find symbols. • JACK: a very individual leader; a dictator; uses fear; makes decisions on his own • RALPH: a thoughtful leader; a people’s leader – chosen and supported; considers and consults and is motivated by desire to improve things for everybody; honest and hard-working • PIGGY: a thinker; cares about others; serious; an outsider who does not fit; frequently says the right thing; understands how things are; an object of mockery • SIMON: independent; does not fit in; marked out to be different; possesses understanding and knowledge beyond the ordinary; a prophet; rejected by others • THE CONCH: a symbol of order; part of important ritual; gives comfort; like a democracy, it can be smashed • THE ISLAND: like the world – full of good things. There is fresh water, abundant fruit which is good to eat. There are fish, crabs, & pigs to eat; there are materials to make shelter; there is natural beauty. But ... the first fire kills a Littlun and lays waste part of the island, destroying fruit, firewood etc. This is symbolic of the harm that humans can cause to good things.
SYMBOLISM • We will now break into 5 groups. Each group will be assigned one of the major characters from the novel. For your character, create a visual example of a SYMBOL that would represent who this character is. Under your picture, write a brief description (3-5 sentences) as to why you chose this symbol and what the symbol represents about the character. • Group 1 - Piggy • Group 2 - Jack • Group 3 – Simon • Group 4 – Ralph • Group 5 – littlun (choose one or complete them as a group)
Chapter Three Review TODAY: • Ch.1-3 Notes & Character Chart due! • Quiz (Ch. 1-3)!!! • Simon’s Secret Place • Exit Slip – Quote Identification HOMEWORK: • Read Ch. 4 • Complete Ch. 4 Questions & Vocab.
Chapter 3 Review • Jack has become obsessed with killing a pig, but keeps failing at it. You may begin to notice Jack changing from a boy to a savage. • Ralph and Piggy busy themselves with the littluns and building shelters. • Ralph and Jack are constantly arguing, and Ralph mentions that the littluns are worried about the “beastie”. Ralph says that the children are scared, “as if this isn’t a good island” (foreshadowing!). • Ralph is concerned with keeping the fire going, and Jack mentions that he would like to paint his face (savagery) to camouflage himself for the pig hunts. • Simon helps the littluns find fruit, and he finds a secret hiding spot in the forest, away from the other boys.
Simon’s Secret Place • In chapter three of Lord of the Flies we learn that Simon finds a secret place on the island, an escape that allows him to become removed from the drama, chaos and immaturity ensuing around the camp. We, like Simon, often find our own secret places that allow us to momentarily break away from the stresses of society. While our place may be quite different from the secluded dream Simon is able to create, it is still a sanctuary that provides the peace and comfort we need to rejuvenate our souls and refresh our mind. On the handout, compare your secret place with Simon’s, documenting the details each has to offer. Be sure to provide plenty of descriptive details for each location; these details should elicit the senses and paint a peaceful picture of the secret place.
EXIT SLIP – Quote Identification • Directions: Select THREE of the quotes and, in about three to five sentences, analyze the significance of the excerpt by answering: • Who said it or who Golding was describing (1 Point) • What it reveals about their character (2 points) • How it reinforces the symbol/ideal the character represents (2 points)
QUIZ!!! QUIZ TIME! Chapters 1-3 20 Points After the Quiz…Complete Simon’s Secret Place WS Last 5 Minutes …Exit Slip (Quote Identification) Good Luck!
Chapter Four Review TODAY: • Leadership Pair & Share • Leadership Worksheet • Mask Activity – due Tuesday Tonight’s Homework: • Read Ch. 5 • Complete Ch. 5 Questions & Vocab. • Journals & Indep. Reading Bookmark due next week!
Chapter 4 Review • An unspecified amount of time has passed, and the boys are getting into a routine: • Littluns – playing on the beach & building sandcastles • Ralph, Piggy, Simon – building shelters & keeping the fire going • Jack & the choir boys – hunting pigs • Jack uses white & red clay to paint his face for the pig hunt. He begins to dance, and it seems that the mask is a “thing on its own, behind which Jack hid.” • Piggy suggests they make a sundial, but like most of his suggestions, everyone ignores him. Suddenly, Ralph sees a ship in the distance. The frantic boys quickly learn that their signal fire has gone out and they have no chance of being rescued by this ship. • Jack and the choir boys have finally killed a pig and are chanting, “kill the pig; cut her throat; spill her blood”. Ralph is furious that the hunters let the fire out, but Jack is proud that he finally killed a pig. • Piggy yells at Jack for letting the fire out, and Jack punches Piggy in the face, knocking off his glasses and breaking one lens. • The boys rebuild the fire and cook the pig meat. Everyone is handed a chunk of meat but Piggy; Simon offers Piggy his share. • The boys retell their story of killing the pig, and we see them becoming more barbaric and savage. • Ralph decides that another meeting is in order.
LEADERSHIP – Think, Pair, Share • The struggle for leadership is a vital theme in the novel. With a partner, discuss the following questions & complete the leadership worksheet activity: • What are the differences between Jack and Ralph in terms of leadership? Write down the different elements of the two boys’ leadership skills. • How is the conch shell important in connection with leadership?
Mask Activity (due Tuesday) • Each of us puts on a “mask” for different occasions in our life, much like Jack puts on a “mask” that begins to change his identity. • Football uniform • Wrestling singlet • Camouflage hunting gear • Band uniform • Costume for a play/musical • Cheerleading/Poms uniform • T-shirt of your favorite band or team • T-shirt of your favorite brand (Nike, Adidas, etc.) • ETC. • Your task is to take the blank face and create a mask that you put on each day. Are you different in school than you are a home or with your friends? Are you different with your parents than you are with your friends? Create a mask for a certain situation in your life. On the back of the mask, write a TEA paragraph to describe the mask you put on, why you put it on, and how it affects your identity.
Chapter Five Review TODAY: • Mask Activity (due Tuesday or Wednesday) • Problems/Solutions • Setting • Island Map (Due Thursday!) • Journal #8 HOMEWORK: • Read Ch. 6 • Complete Ch. 6 Questions & Vocab. • Ch. 4-6 Questions - due tomorrow! • Mask Activity – due Tues or Wed! • Quiz tomorrow– Ch. 4-6!!! • Indep. Reading Bookmark – due Wednesday! • Journals #1-10 – due Thursday!
Chapter 5 Review • Ralph summons a meeting. Although his long hair is constantly getting in the way (it’s been a month or two since the plane crash), he has a few important items to discuss with the boys: 1. always keep the signal fire going! 2. don’t start a fire anywhere else on the island 3. take care of toilet business at the rocks near the lagoon. Ralph states that, “this place is getting dirty.” 4. Ralph addresses the boy’s fear of never being rescued and fear of the beastie. • Jack takes the conch and tells the boys to stop acting like children and stop being afraid of the beast. He’s been all over the island and hasn’t seen the beast. • Piggy, being logical and intelligent, states that there’s nothing to fear but the fear of people (there is no beast). • Simon admits that he was lurking about in the dark, which is probably what the littluns were having nightmares about. • One of the littluns, Percival, seems to have “lost it” a bit, and stammers that the beast comes out of the sea at night. • Simon states that “the beast is only us” (foreshadowing!). • The boys argue that the beast is a ghost, which upsets Piggy. The entire meeting falls apart and ends with Jack leading a group of boys to hunt the beast. • This scene is a clear example of Ralph losing control and power. He wants to give up being chief, but Piggy desperately asks him to think about the consequences of that. • Ralph, Piggy, and Simon discuss that if the adults were there, they would know what to do. • The chapter ends with a thrill, chilling scream coming from Percival. Why might he be crying?
Mask Activity (due Tues or Wed) • Each of us puts on a “mask” for different occasions in our life, much like Jack puts on a “mask” that begins to change his identity. • Football uniform • Wrestling singlet • Camouflage hunting gear • Band uniform • Costume for a play/musical • Cheerleading/Poms uniform • T-shirt of your favorite band or team • T-shirt of your favorite brand (Nike, Adidas, etc.) • ETC. • Your task is to take the blank face and create a mask that you put on each day. Are you different in school than you are a home or with your friends? Are you different with your parents than you are with your friends? Create a mask for a certain situation in your life. On the back of the mask, write a TEA paragraph to describe the mask you put on, why you put it on, and how it affects your identity.
PROBLEM/SOLUTION • Throughout the past few chapters of the novel, the boys have been encountering minor problems that, in this particular chapter, seem to come to a head. Although for some boys the problems seem minute, boys still connected to logic, authority and society understand the tragic implications that these problems imply. It is up to you, along with your group members, to identify both the cause of the problem and create a potential solution for the boys.
SETTING The book takes place on an unnamed island off the coast of great Britain, deductively over the Atlantic, but somewhere tropical. There is a lake of fresh water as well as water falls and a beach where the huts are eventually situated. “The Scar” is the large gash in the forest where the plane’s crash landing happened. There is a mountain of pink rock where the fire is kept and dense forest where “pig runs” cut through the undergrowth. The occasional clearing where pigs might be staying or the boys will hide out is also where many scenes take place.
Island Map (due before spring break) The setting is this story is extremely important since the boy’s survival is based upon their resources. With a small group of 3-4 students, create a map of the island that the boys are stranded on. Please be as specific as possible, using various details from the novel to create a visual representation of this deserted island. Make sure to include the following details on your map: Beach Signal Fire Simon’s Secret Place Shelter/Huts Fresh Water Source The Meeting Place Pig’s Territory “The Scar” Forest Bathing Pool Castle Rock ETC.