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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

The Mole: A Measurement of Matter. Chemical Quantities Chapter 10 Section 1. Vocabulary. Mole The amount of a substance that contains 6.02 x 10 23 representative particles of that substance. Avogardro’s number

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

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  1. The Mole: A Measurement of Matter Chemical Quantities Chapter 10 Section 1

  2. Vocabulary • Mole • The amount of a substance that contains 6.02 x 1023 representative particles of that substance. • Avogardro’s number • The number of representative particles contained in one mole of a substance; equal to 6.02 x 1023 particles.

  3. Vocabulary • Representative particles • The smallest unit into which a substance can be broken down without a change in composition, usually atoms, molecules, or ions. • Molar Mass • A term used to refer to the mass of a mole of any substance.

  4. State Standards • 5.3 Use the mole concept to determine number of particles and molar mass for elements and compounds. • 5.4 Determine percent compositions, empirical formulas, and molecular formulas.

  5. Key Questions • How can you convert among the court, mass, and volume of something? • How do chemists count the number of atoms, molecules, or formula units in a substance? • How do you determine the molar mass of an element and of a compound?

  6. Measuring Mass • Knowing how the count, mass, and volume of an item related to a common unit allows you to convert among these units.

  7. What is a Mole? • The mole allows chemists to count the number of representative particles in a substance. • A mole is 6.02 x 1023 representative particles • SI unit for measuring the amount of a substance • Avogadro’s number is 6.02 x 1023

  8. Molar Mass • The atomic mass of an element expressed in grams is the mass of a mole of the element. • The mass of a mole of an element is the molar mass.

  9. The Mass of a Mole of a Compound • To calculate the molar mass of a compound, find the number of grams of each element in one mole of the compound. Then add the masses of the element in the compound.

  10. Assessment • How many particles does one mole of any substance represent? • 6.02 x 1023 representative particles of a substance • How can you convert the number of atoms of any substance of moles? • Multiply the number of atoms by the conversion factor 1 mole equals 6.02 x 1023 representative particles

  11. Assessment • What is the molar mass of Al2(CO3)3? • Al • 27 g/mol * 2 = 54 g/mol • C • 12 g/mol * 3 = 36 g/mol • O • 16 g/mol * 9 = 144 g/mol • Total = 234 g/mol

  12. Summary • Knowing how to count, mass, and volume of an item relate to a common unit allows you to convert among these units. • The mole allows chemists to count the number of representative particles in a substance. • The atomic mass of an element expressed in grams is the mass of a mole of the element.

  13. Summary • To calculate the molar mass of a compound, find the number of grams of each element in one mole of the compound. Then add the masses of the elements in the compound.

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