Compare & Contrast

Compare & Contrast

Today’s Standards Florida State Standards LAFS.6.RL.3.9Compare and contrast textsin different forms or genres (e.g., stories and poems; historical novels and fantasy stories) in terms of their approaches to similar themes and topics. LAFS.6.RI.3.9Compare and contrast one author’s presentation of events with that of another (e.g., a memoir written by and a biography on the same person). LAFS.6.W.1.2a Introduce a topic; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.

Today’s Standards Common Core Standards RL.6.9compare and contrasttexts in different forms or genres in terms of their approaches to similar themes and topics RI.6.9compare and contrast one author’s presentation of events with that of another W.6.2a Introduce a topic; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.

Today’s Learning Objectives Students will: • Learn the definitions and uses of comparing, contrasting, and points of comparison. • Use graphic organizers to practice identifying comparisons and contrasts of two subjects. • Explore the two types of compare and contrast text structures: feature-by-feature and subject-by-subject. • Review paragraph construction.

Warm-Up cold hot ? cold cold How do you know? Which item does not belong?

Warm-Up reptile reptile ? fish reptile How do you know? Which item does not belong?

Warm-Up candy candy ? candy vegetables How do you know? Which item does not belong?

Comparing and Contrasting Copy these definitions. Comparing identifying how two or more subjects, ideas, characters, or objects are alike. Contrasting identifying how two or more subjects, ideas, characters, or objects are different.

Comparing • Similarities: • birds • webbed feet • live near water

Contrasting • Differences: • size • coloration • different climates • ability to fly

Is this really a comparison? Flamingoes are pink. Penguins cannot fly. This is NOT a comparison. You must use similar points of comparison when comparing and contrasting.

Is this really a comparison? Flamingoes are pink. Penguins cannot fly. This IS a comparison. This IS a comparison. Penguins are black and white. Flamingoes can fly. You must use similar points of comparison when comparing and contrasting.

Points of Comparison Add this definition to your notes. Points of Comparison common features or traits of subjects, ideas, characters or objects being compared or contrasted.

Points of Comparison Can you identify each pair’s point of comparison? Color (orange) Shape (octagon) Taste (bitter)

Points of Comparison Objects When comparing objects, writers often use these points of comparison. • Shape • Size • Color

Venn Diagram • Round • 3-4 inches • 5 ounces • Red watermelon apple • Fruit • Sweet • Peel or Rind outside • Seeds inside • Oblong • 12-18 inches • 5 pounds • Green

Points of Comparison Events When comparing events, writers often use these points of comparison. • Date • Location • Duration • Cause / Effect

Points of Comparison Places When comparing places, writers often use these points of comparison. • Geography • Government • Population • Weather patterns

Points of Comparison Characters When comparing characters, writers often use these points of comparison. • Gender • Age • Appearance • Personality • Actions • Motivation

Points of Comparison Characters A double-bubble chart can be used to compare characters. trait trait trait Character 1 Character 2 trait trait trait trait trait trait

Points of Comparison Characters A double-bubble chart can be used to compare characters. Blonde / blue eyes From District 12 Dark hair & eyes Peeta Gale Shop-keeper’s son Like Katniss Son of a Laborer Chosen as tribute Resist Panem Does not fight in Hunger Games

Points of Comparison Characters A double-bubble chart can be used to compare characters. Human Wants to marry prince Mermaid Cinderella Ariel Sisters plot against her Seeks help from a magic woman Sisters help her No father figure Changes how she looks Strong father figure

Points of Comparison Texts When comparing texts, writers often use these points of comparison. • Genre • Author’s Purpose • Mood/Tone • Characters • Conflict/Plot • Theme

Transition Words These transition words and phrases signal the presence of a compare and contrast pattern or structure. Copy these transition words into your notebook: similarities (compare) like in the same way also in common likewise both differences (contrast) unlike on the other hand although different from however whereas

Compare & Contrast Writing Writing that compares and contrasts can be organized in three ways. Point by Point Compares and contrasts two subjects, one point of comparison at a time. Whole to Whole Presents all of the points of comparison for one subject, and then all of the points of comparison for the second subject. Similarities to Differences Presents all of the ways the subjects are alike. Then presents all of the ways the subjects differ.

Point by Point Baseball and softball are one of America’s favorite pastimes. More than nine million amateur and professional players participate in these sports each year. While they share many features, there are important differences between the two. Introduction Since softball “spun off” from baseball as a sport, the general rules of the both games call for batters to hit a thrown ball, and then run around a series of bases. In baseball, pitchers may throw the ball using either an underhand or overhand motion, but in softball, pitchers must use an underhand throw. In baseball, runners can steal bases any time the ball is live, whereas in softball, once the pitcher is on the mound, runners are not allowed to steal bases. 1st Point of Comparison Theequipmentused in each sport is also similar with a few important distinctions. Baseballs are smaller and harder than softballs. Baseball bats can be up to 6 inches longer than softball bats. Also, while professional baseball requires bats to be made of wood, softball allows bats constructed of wood, composite materials, or aluminum. 2nd Point of Comparison Conclusion In summary, while baseball and softball share many traits, both the rules and equipment used in softball are designed to allow less experienced players to enjoy the game more safely. No wonder both sports enjoy widespread poularity.

Whole to Whole Baseball and softball are one of America’s favorite pastimes. More than nine million amateur and professional players participate in these sports each year. While they share many features, there are important differences between the two. Introduction The goal of baseball calls for batters to hit a thrown ball, and then run around a series of bases. Pitchers may throw the ball using either an underhand or overhand motion, and runners can steal bases any time the ball is live. The ball itself in baseball in small and rather hard. Bats can be up to 42-inches long, but must be constructed of wood at the professional level. Subject 1 Since softball is a “spin off” of the sport of baseball, its goal is the same. Batters must hit a thrown ball and run the bases. Softball pitchers, however, must use an underhand throw, and runners may not steal bases once the pitcher sets foot on the mound. Softballs are larger and softer than baseballs. Finally, bats are shorter—no more than 36-inches—but can be made of any material. Subject 2 In summary, while baseball and softball share many traits, both the rules and equipment used in softball are designed to allow less experienced players to enjoy the game more safely. No wonder both sports enjoy widespread poularity. Conclusion

Similarities to Differences Baseball and softball are one of America’s favorite pastimes. More than nine million amateur and professional players participate in these sports each year. While they share many features, there are important differences between the two. Introduction In both baseball and softball the goal is the same. Batters must hit a ball thrown by the other team’s pitcher, and then run around a series of bases. In both games, runners have an opportunity to steal bases. Equipment for baseball and softball alike includes balls, bats, and gloves used to catch the speeding balls. Similarities One distinction between baseball and softball is the picthing style. The rules of baseball allow pitchers to throw any way they choose, while softball pitchers must throw using an underhand motion. Baseball players may steal bases whenever the ball is live, whereas softball players cannot steal once the pitcher takes the mound. The equipment is different as well. Baseballs, for example, are smaller and harder than softballs. Baseball bats can be up to 6-inches longer than those used in softball, and they must be constructed of wood. However softball bats may be aluminum, composite materials, or wood. Differences Conclusion In summary, while baseball and softball share many traits, both the rules and equipment used in softball are designed to allow less experienced players to enjoy the game more safely. No wonder both sports enjoy widespread poularity.

Group Work • As you watch the video, note the similarities and differences between the two characters. • Create a double-bubble diagram comparing and contrasting the two characters. The Ant and the Cricket

Compare and Contrast always working insect never working Ant Cricket thinks summer is a time to gather food Strong beliefs about summer activities thinks summer is a time to sing and play has plenty of food to share must survive a harsh winter no food, must beg for some

Writing Extension • Write one paragraph comparing and contrasting the ant and the cricket. • If you are on the right side of the room, write a point by point paragraph. • If you are in the middle of the room, write a whole to whole paragraph. • If you are on the left side of the room, write a similarities to differences paragraph.

Review Point by Point The ant and the cricket had strong ideas about what they should do in the summertime, but those ideas could not have been more different.Both were insects who lived where food was plentiful in the summer. The ant stayed busy all summer gathering food for the coming winter. The cricket, however, thought winter was a long way off, so it spent the summer playing. When winter came, the ant was prepared and had plenty of food to eat. However, the cricket had no food and had to beg the ant for some to keep from starving to death. In the end, it was the ant’s determination to work hard all summer that kept both insects alive to see the next one. Topic Sentence Point #1: Class of Animal (Setting) Point #2: Attitude about work and play Point #3: Winter living conditions Summary

Review Whole to Whole The ant and the cricket had strong ideas about what they should do in the summertime, but those ideas could not have been more different.The ant was an insect who lived where food was plentiful in the summer. She stayed busy all summer gathering food for the coming winter. When winter came, she was prepared and had plenty to eat. The cricket was also an insect who lived where summertime offered plenty of good things to eat. However, the cricket thought winter was a long way off, so he spent the summer playing. When winter came the cricket had no food and had to beg the ant for some to keep from starving to death. In the end, it was the ant’s determination to work hard all summer that kept both insects alive to see the next one. Topic Sentence Subject #1: Ant Subject #2: Cricket Summary

Review Similarities-Differences The ant and the cricket lived near one another in a field that was lush with food in the summertime, but they chose different paths with different results. Both were insects, and both had strong opinions about what an insect should be concerned with during the warm summer months. The ant stayed busy all summer gathering food for the coming winter, while the cricket did not worry about winter at all, preferring to enjoy his music all summer long. When winter came, the ant was prepared and had plenty of food to eat. However, the cricket had no food and had to beg the ant for some to keep from starving to death. In the end, it was the ant’s determination to work hard all summer that kept both insects alive to see the next one. Topic Sentence Similarities Differences Summary

Now You Try It • Read this different version of the fable. • Use a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the video with the text version. • Compare and contrast the following: • Characters • Setting • Conflict • Plot • How do the differences impact your understanding of the fable?

The Grasshopper and the Ant All summer long, the grasshopper hopped about, singing his happy-go-lucky song. All summer long, the ant scurried about, finding seeds to haul back to his storehouse. One day the grasshopper asked the ant why he never stopped working. Said the grasshopper, smugly, “You are missing the most beautiful part of life—these long and lovely summer days.” The ant paused, then said, “Long and lovely summer days do not last forever.” Then he hustled back to work. Months passed. The days became short and cold; the nights, long and colder. Each day the grasshopper searched desperately for bits of food, but often went hungry. One day, the grasshopper happened to be shivering nearby when the ant popped out to check on the weather. The grasshopper begged the ant to spare him a bit of food. The ant looked at the grasshopper. He recalled the grasshopper saying that the ant was missing the most beautiful part of life. Finally, the ant said, “I happen to think this is the most beautiful part of life, when I feel safe, knowing I have made wise plans for the winter.” Then the ant went back into his cozy den, and the grasshopper realized what a fool he had been.

Compare and Contrast Characters: Antagonist is cricket Climax: Ant shares his food with grasshopper video text Characters: • Two insects • Protagonist is an ant Setting: • Plentiful summer, then harsh winter arrives Conflict: Protagonist plans ahead and works throughout summer, while the antagonist plays around. Characters: Antagonist is a grasshopper Climax: Ant does not share his food with grasshopper

The Grasshopper and the Ant All summer long, the grasshopper hopped about, singing his happy-go-lucky song. All summer long, the ant scurried about, finding seeds to haul back to his storehouse. One day the grasshopper asked the ant why he never stopped working. Said the grasshopper, smugly, “You are missing the most beautiful part of life—these long and lovely summer days.” The ant paused, then said, “Long and lovely summer days do not last forever.” Then he hustled back to work. Months passed. The days became short and cold; the nights, long and colder. Each day the grasshopper searched desperately for bits of food, but often went hungry. One day, the grasshopper happened to be shivering nearby when the ant popped out to check on the weather. The grasshopper begged the ant to spare him a bit of food. The ant looked at the grasshopper. He recalled the grasshopper saying that the ant was missing the most beautiful part of life. Finally, the ant said, “I happen to think this is the most beautiful part of life, when I feel safe, knowing I have made wise plans for the winter.” Then the ant went back into his cozy den, and the grasshopper realized what a fool he had been. The Grasshopper and the Ant All summer long, the grasshopper hopped about, singing his happy-go-lucky song. All summer long, the ant scurried about, finding seeds to haul back to his storehouse. One day the grasshopper asked the ant why he never stopped working. Said the grasshopper, smugly, “You are missing the most beautiful part of life—these long and lovely summer days.” The ant paused, then said, “Long and lovely summer days do not last forever.” Then he hustled back to work. Months passed. The days became short and cold; the nights, long and colder. Each day the grasshopper searched desperately for bits of food, but often went hungry. One day, the grasshopper happened to be shivering nearby when the ant popped out to check on the weather. The grasshopper begged the ant to spare him a bit of food. The ant looked at the grasshopper. He recalled the grasshopper saying that the ant was missing the most beautiful part of life. Finally, the ant said, “I happen to think this is the most beautiful part of life, when I feel safe, knowing I have made wise plans for the winter.” Then the ant went back into his cozy den, and the grasshopper realized what a fool he had been.

Compare & Contrast