East European Research –– 101

1. East European Research –– 101 Thomas K. Edlund thom_edlund@byu.edu familyhistory.byuedu/instruction/edlund.html

2. Leaving the United States of America Census records (national and state) Information varies from census to census 1870 census . This census contains two fields that would indicate this status; the column for birthplace and a field to be checked indicating “male citizen eligible to vote” The 1880 census did not contain any information to indicate citizenship status, only the place of birth for the individual and his/her parents The 1900 through 1920 census provided a citizenship status field 1900 census showing 13) place of birth 14) place of birth of father 15) place of birth of mother 16) Year of immigration to U.S. 17) Number of Years in U.S. 18) Naturalization.

3. Leaving the United States of America (cont.) Arrival records: Baggage Lists Philadelphia, 1800-1819 Passenger Lists 1820- Steerage Act of 1819 Customs passenger lists: country to which the passenger owed allegiance Immigration Act of 1882 Country to which passenger is a citizen (first attempt to restrict immigration) Immigration Acts of 1891, 1893 Place of birth, marital status, mental status (additional restrictions resulting in migration through Canada) Naturalization Act of 1906 Physical characteristics, whether a polygamist

4. Leaving the United States of America (cont.) Naturalization Records Naturalization Act of 1790 First attempt to establish standard conditions for naturalization. Includes renunciation of allegiance Naturalization Act of 1795 Required “Declaration of Intent” to become a citizen at least three years before filing the “Petition for Citizenship” required that the applicant renounce allegiance to any other foreign power and also to renounce all claims to any hereditary title or order of nobility Petition Naturalization Act of 1906 Established the INS. Copies now sent to bureau (C-files)

5. Leaving the United States of America (cont.) Naturalization Records contents name age occupation personal description date and place of birth current citizenship current address port of embarkation and entry name of the ship (or other means of conveyance) date of arrival in the U.S. if married, name, birth date and place of the spouse if children, names, birth dates, birth places and residences of each √ √

6. European Maps and Gazetteers Take information from immigration records and census data Locate national origin of migration Need to pay attention to the fact that historic national origin might not equate to modern nomenclature Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Congress Poland, etc. were part of Russia Greater Poland after 1795 was Austria, Germany and Russia Modern Croatia was in Hungary and Austria; after WWII some areas belonged to Italy It is imperative that you locate the modern country of origin within contemporary, and then historic, national jurisdictions. After you do this, you may find the locality in a period gazetteer and map

7. Central and East European gazetteers Localities in Central and East Europe were part of three large empires that cover most of Europe • Austria: Bosnia, Croatia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine • German: Germany, France, Poland, Russia • Russia: Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine

8. European Empires in 1900

9. Russia then and now Its is essential to understand the historical geography of the area you are researching Political and ecclesiastical jurisdiction oscillated radically over time

10. Jurisdiction changed internally over time Russian Imperial Structure • State of Province (Guberniya) • County (Uyezd) / Gorod (City) • District (Volost) • Village/Town/Hamlet Farm (Selo or Derevne) Soviet Structure • State (Oblast) • Regions (Raion) / City (Gorod) • Village/Town/Hamlet (Derevne)

11. Gazetteers for the Austrian Empire Gemeindelexikon der im Reichsrate vertretenen Königreiche und Länder Allgemeines Geographisch-Statistisches Lexikon aller österreichischen Staaten A Magyar Szent Korona Országainak Helységnévtára. (Horvát-Szlavonországok)

12. Gazetteers for the German Empire Gemeindelexikon für das Königreich Preußen Meyers Orts- und Verkehrs-Lexikon des Deutschen Reichs

13. Gazetteers for the Russian Empire Spiski naselennykh mest Rossiiski Imperii Russisches geographisches Namenbuch Geografichesko-statisticheskīĭ slovar' Rossiĭskoĭ imperīi

14. Central and East European maps East Europe 1:250,000 [Series N501]. United States. Army Maps Service, 1956-1959. 219 maps available on microfilm [GS 1183629] Indexed in: Index to Names on AMS 1:250,000 Maps of Eastern Europe (Series N501). Available on microfiche [GS 6001727-8] Generalkarte von Mitteleuropa. Bundesamt für Eich- und Vermessungswesen, 1889-1967. 249 maps avialable on microfilm [GS 1181580] Karte des europäischen Rußland. Reichsamt für Landesaufnahme, 1939. 121 maps available on microfilm [GS 1344079] Militär-Landesaufname und Spezialkarte der österreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie. Österreich. Militärgeographisches Institut, 1879-1928. ca. 600 maps available on microfilm [GS 1045395] Voenno-topograficheskoĭ karta Rossiī. Rossiia. Armiia, 1869-1945. Available on microfilm [GS 1344037-8]

15. Three Questions • What jurisdictions created records? • What types of records were created and what information do they contain? • Where are the records located today and how does one acquire information from them? It is imperative that you familiarize yourself with the history of the country of origin, beginning with the advent of writing and proceeding to the present

16. The research process Once you identify a locality of interest, it is necessary to inventory the records created by ecclesiastical and civil authors that document that area. Two types of access are available to you to accomplish this: The Family History Library Catalog Allows for subject, author, title, and keyword searching. Each of these functions can yield results, and must be used to be complete in your efforts Archival finding aids General lists of archives Example: Samara city Example: War Archive Vienna

17. Collection Name Opis no. Beginning date Item description Number of pages Delo (item) Archives use an opis to describe their material

18. Record types of interest Civil records: Taxation records Census records Military records Civil registration Passport applications Corporate author = Government department or agency Österreich. Armee. Artillerie Regiment 39 Corporate author = Religious department or agency Ecclesiastical records: Metrical books Consistorial transcripts Status animarum dukhovnaya kniga Visitations (western Orthodox) Extracts Rimokatolička crkva. Župa Bela

19. Record type example: military records • Central Command • Individual units Record groups Commissions 1466-1866 Nobility Grants 1636-1753 Vital Certificates Wills 1639-1771 Pension and Assistance Records Army Rank and Regiment Schematics 1583-1849 Payment Books 1753-1819 Marriage Bonds 1750-1918 Military School Records Military Court Records Muster Rolls 1740-1820 Foundation Books 1820-1918 Service Records 1823-1918 Records of the Navy 1760-1918 Parish Registers of Individual Units

20. Record type example: military records (cont.) Only the Army Infantry could muster. Individual regiments were assigned specific areas in which they could levy troops To find military records on microfilm documenting the careers of soldiers from Venice, search the FHLC under: Osterreich. Armee. Infanterie Regiment 016

21. Leverage information to other record types Country, province, county, populated point and family name to a census

22. Census return analysis Born here, or is not here, where Estate, position or occupation Province, county, city State peasant Viatka province, No county

23. Census return analysis (cont.) Where does he usually live. Here, an if not here, where Registered here, or is not here, where (for those required to register Province, county, city Here Here

24. Document Analysis: Revision List РевизскаяСказка Минскойгуберніи Пинск a гоуезднагогорода

25. Document Analysis: ревизскиесказки (cont.) 8th Revision, 25 April 1834 Perm province, peasant estate, Osinsk county, Verkhnaya Ershevka

26. Gender: Male (мужескій) Female (женскій) Date of revision Age at current revision Age at last revision

27. Andrey Fedorov Korotnov (+) ─ ? Ivan (+) ─ Katerina (54) Dmitrey (27) ─ Avdot’ya (30) Aver’yan (25) ─ ? Avdot’ya (30) Sergin (+) Stepan (8) Nikolaĭ (5) Ivan (3) Andreĭ (2) Paraskov’ya (1)

28. Leverage information to other record types Dates and locality from revision lists and census returns lead to metrical registration, which is arrange by author (parish/synagogue), date, event

29. Additional required skills Grammar and vocabulary of language(s) Paleography Calendars and dating systems Online databases and other information sources