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4.01C What is a Nutrient?

Learn about the six classifications of nutrients, including water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Discover their key functions and sources to maintain a balanced diet.

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4.01C What is a Nutrient?

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  1. A nutrient is a chemical substance in food that helps maintain the body. You need over 50 nutrients, which can be divided into six groups. 4.01C What is a Nutrient? • Water • Carbohydrates • Lipids (Fats) • Proteins • Vitamins • Minerals 4.01C Nutrients 1

  2. The Six Classifications of Nutrients • Water • Carbohydrates • Fats • Protein • Vitamins • Minerals Sugars Starches Cellulose 4.01C Nutrients 2

  3. These Nutrients Have Calories • Proteins • Carbohydrates • Fats 4.01C Nutrients 3

  4. Definition of a Calorie: • The unit used to measure the energy value of food. 4.01C Nutrients 4

  5. Calories per gram: • Protein 1 Gram = 4 calories • Carbohydrates 1 Gram = 4 calories • Fat 1 Gram = 9 calories 4.01C Nutrients 5

  6. Variables which affect nutrient needs: 1. Age 2. Gender 3. Activity level 4. Climate 5. Health 6. State of nutrition 4.01C Nutrients 6

  7. Key Nutrient: Water 4.01C Nutrients 7

  8. Function • Aids digestion and cell growth and maintenance • Facilitates chemical reactions • Lubricates joints and cells • Regulates body temperature 4.01C Nutrients 8

  9. Sources • Liquids • Food • Breakdown of energy nutrients 4.01C Nutrients 9

  10. Key Nutrient: Carbohydrates 4.01C Nutrients 10

  11. Function • Supplies energy • Provides fiber • Help the body digest fats 4.01C Nutrients 11

  12. Sources • Sugars: honey, jam, molasses, candy, table sugar • Fiber: fruits, vegetables, whole grains • Starch: breads, cereals, pasta 4.01C Nutrients 12

  13. Key Nutrient: Fats 4.01C Nutrients 13

  14. Function • Supply energy • Carry fat-soluble vitamins • Insulate the body • Protect organs • Provide essential fatty acids 4.01C Nutrients 14

  15. Sources • Types of Fats • Saturated: dairy products, meats, lard, coconut and palm oils • Unsaturated: fish, nuts, vegetable oils 4.01C Nutrients 15

  16. Cholesterol • The fat-like substance found in body cells. This substance clogs arteries. 4.01C Nutrients 16

  17. Key Nutrient: Proteins 4.01C Nutrients 17

  18. Functions • Builds and repairs muscles and cell tissues • Helps the body make important substances • Regulates body processes • Supplies energy 4.01C Nutrients 18

  19. Sources • Complete proteins: • dairy products, eggs, fish, meat and poultry. • Incomplete proteins: • beans, grains and nuts. 4.01C Nutrients 19

  20. Key Nutrient: Vitamins 4.01C Nutrients 20

  21. Function Vitamins are divided into two main groups. • Fat-soluble vitamins • dissolve in fats • are stored in fatty tissues of the body • Water-soluble vitamins • dissolve in water • are not stored in the body 4.01C Nutrients 21

  22. Fat-Soluble Vitamins 4.01C Nutrients 22

  23. Water-Soluble Vitamins 4.01C Nutrients 23

  24. Key Nutrient: Minerals 4.01C Nutrients 24

  25. Minerals 4.01C Nutrients 25

  26. Food For Thought Avoid excesses of some vitamins and minerals. To promote good nutrition and maintain good health: • Eat a variety of foods from the food guide pyramid. • Drink plenty of water • Daily exercise • Seek the advice of a physician or dietician before taking supplements 4.01C Nutrients 26

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