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General Linear Cameras with Finite Aperture. Andrew Adams and Marc Levoy Stanford University. Ray Space. Slices of Ray Space. Pushbroom Cross Slit General Linear Cameras. Yu and McMillan ‘04. Román et al. ‘04. Projections of Ray Space. Plenoptic Cameras Camera Arrays
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General Linear Cameras with Finite Aperture Andrew Adams and Marc Levoy Stanford University
Slices of Ray Space • Pushbroom • Cross Slit • General Linear Cameras Yu and McMillan ‘04 Román et al. ‘04
Projections of Ray Space • Plenoptic Cameras • Camera Arrays • Regular Cameras Ng et al. ‘04 Leica Apo-Summicron-M Wilburn et al. ‘05
What is this paper? • An intuitive reformulation of general linear cameras in terms of eigenvectors
What is this paper? • An intuitive reformulation of general linear cameras in terms of eigenvectors • An analogous description of focus
What is this paper? • An intuitive reformulation of general linear cameras in terms of eigenvectors • An analogous description of focus • A theoretical framework for understanding and characterizing linear slices and integral projections of ray space
Slices of Ray Space • Perspective View • Image(x, y) = L(x, y, 0, 0)
Slices of Ray Space • Orthographic View • Image(x, y) = L(x, y, x, y)
Slices of Ray Space • Image(x, y) = L(x, y, P(x, y)) • P determines perspective • Let’s assume P is linear
Slices of Ray Space • Rays meet when: ((1-z)P + zI) is low rank • Substitute b = z/(z-1): ((1-z)P + zI) = (1-z)(P – bI) • Rays meet when: (P – bI) is low rank
Slices of Ray Space • 0 < b1 = b2 < 1
Slices of Ray Space • b1 = b2 < 0
Slices of Ray Space • b1 = b2 = 1
Slices of Ray Space • b1 = b2 > 1
Slices of Ray Space • b1 != b2
Slices of Ray Space • b1 != b2 = 1
Slices of Ray Space • b1 = b2 != 1, deficient eigenspace
Slices of Ray Space • b1 = b2 = 1, deficient eigenspace
Slices of Ray Space • b1, b2 complex
Slices of Ray Space Real Eigenvalues Complex Conjugate Eigenvalues
Slices of Ray Space Real Eigenvalues Equal Eigenvalues Complex Conjugate Eigenvalues
Slices of Ray Space Real Eigenvalues Equal Eigenvalues Equal Eigenvalues, 2D Eigenspace Complex Conjugate Eigenvalues
Slices of Ray Space One slit at infinity Real Eigenvalues Equal Eigenvalues Equal Eigenvalues, 2D Eigenspace Complex Conjugate Eigenvalues
Projections of Ray Space • Rays Integrated at (x, y) = (0, 0): F
Projections of Ray Space • Rays meet when: ((1-z)I + zF) is low rank • Substitute b = (z-1)/z: ((1-z)I + zF) = z(F – bI) • Rays meet when: (F – bI) is low rank
Projections of Ray Space • 0 < b1 = b2 < 1
Projections of Ray Space • 0 < b1 = b2 < 1
Projections of Ray Space • b1 = b2 < 0
Projections of Ray Space • b1 = b2 < 0
Projections of Ray Space • b1 = b2 = 1
Projections of Ray Space • b1 = b2 = 1
Projections of Ray Space • b1 = b2 > 1
Projections of Ray Space • b1 != b2
Projections of Ray Space • b1 != b2
Projections of Ray Space • b1 != b2
Projections of Ray Space • b1 != b2 = 1
Projections of Ray Space • b1 != b2 = 1
Projections of Ray Space • b1 != b2 = 1
Projections of Ray Space • b1 = b2 != 1, deficient eigenspace
Projections of Ray Space • b1 = b2 != 1, deficient eigenspace
Projections of Ray Space • b1 = b2 = 1, deficient eigenspace
Projections of Ray Space • b1 = b2 = 1, deficient eigenspace