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DO YELLOWJACKET TRAPS REDUCE STINGING RISKS?

DO YELLOWJACKET TRAPS REDUCE STINGING RISKS?. Lynn Braband. NYS Community IPM Program of Cornell University. Stinging Insects (especially Vespula and Dolichovespula spp.).  Most important outdoor pest at Maine schools inducing highest per cent of

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DO YELLOWJACKET TRAPS REDUCE STINGING RISKS?

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  1. DO YELLOWJACKET TRAPS REDUCE STINGING RISKS? Lynn Braband NYS Community IPM Program of Cornell University

  2. Stinging Insects (especially Vespula and Dolichovespula spp.) Most important outdoor pest at Maine schools inducing highest per cent of pesticide treatments (Murray 2000). Second most frequently reported pest by NYS schools (Braband et al. 2002). Common hazard at late summer/early fall outdoor festivals.

  3. Yellowjacket container traps  Large numbers of yellowjackets can be captured.  Is stinging risk reduced?  Labor intensive  Research comparing types of traps (Kovacs et al. 2005)  Research comparing lures/baits (Wegner and Jordan 2005)

  4. Experimental testing of stinging risk reduction  Assumption: fewer yellowjackets, smaller risk  Paired plots  Pilot study: replication over time  Expanded study: replication of time and space  Integrated with applied work

  5. Experimental approach vs. applied approach  Experimental: control or account for major variables not testing  Testing: peripheral trapping  Applied: “real world”. Mish-mash of variables  Field experiments: in between

  6. Yellowjacket Trapping Plot Design

  7. Pilot Study  One set of paired plots  Two-week trials repeated over time  August - October  2001: Geneva (4 trials)  2002: Geneva (5 trials)  2003: Canadaigua (4 trials)

  8. Yellowjacket Trapping Study Yellowjackets (Vespula spp.) Bald-faced Hornet (Dolichovespula maculata) Paper Wasps (especially Polistes dominulus) European Hornet (Vespa crabro) Others (potpourii)

  9. Yellowjackets Caught per Trap in Peripheral Trapping Trials, 2001. (Each trial lasted 2 weeks. Start dates: Trial One- 8/23/01, Trial Two-9/14/01, Trial Three-9/27/01, Trial Four-10/12/01) 100.00 80.00 60.00 40.00 20.00 0.00 Trial One Trial Two Trial Three Trial Four Peripheral Traps Center Traps with Peripheral Trapping Center Traps with No Peripheral Trapping

  10. Yellowjackets Caught per Trap in Periphreal Trapping Trials, 2002 (Trial one 8/20-8/30, Trial Two 9/3-9/13, Trial Three 9/17- 9/27, Trial Four 10/1-10/24, Trial Five 10/15-10/24) 300.0 250.0 200.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0 Trial One Trial Two Trial Three Trial Four Trial Five Peripheral Traps Center Traps with Peripheral Trapping Center Traps with No Peripheral Trapping

  11. Yellowjackets Caught per Trap in Peripheral Trapping Trials, 2003. (Trial One 8/12-8/22, Trial Two 8/26-9/5, Trial 3 Three 9/9-9/23, Trial Four 9/26-10/7) 250.0 200.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0 Trial One Trial Two Trial Three Trial Four Peripheral Traps Center Traps with Peripheral Trapping Center Traps with No Peripheral Trapping

  12. Average Yellow Jackets per Trap 300.0 250.0 200.0 Center No Periphery Center with Periphery Periphery Traps 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0 Year-2001 Year-2002 Year-2003

  13. 2006 Study  Pest Management Foundation funding  Four sets of paired plots  Geneva (2 sets: Crittenden, Loomis)  Canandaigua/Engels (1 set)  Ithaca (1 set)  Five trials for each set  Preliminary analysis

  14. Yellowjackets captured, 2006  Vespula germanica (German yellowjacket)  V. flavopilosa (hybrid yellowjacket)  V. maculifrons (eastern yellowjacket)  V. vidua

  15. Capture Trend Averages - Crittendon 2006 300 250 200 periphery center with periphery center with no periphery 150 100 50 0 after 4 days after 8 days after 14 days

  16. Capture Trend Averages - Loomis 2006 600 500 400 periphery center with periphery center with no periphery 300 200 100 0 after 4 days after 8 days after 14 days

  17. Capture Trend Averages - Engels 2006 200 180 160 140 120 periphery center with periphery center with no periphery 100 80 60 40 20 0 after 4 days after 8 days after 14 days

  18. Capture Trend Averages - Ithaca 2006 250 200 150 periphery center with periphery center with no periphery 100 50 0 after 4 days after 8 days after 14 days

  19. Total Number of Yellowjackets Caught in the Periphreal Trapping Trials Relative to the Start of the Trials -2001 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 3 days into trial 7 days into trial 10 days into trial

  20. Total Number of Yellowjacket Caught in the Periphreal Trapping Trials Relative to the Start of the Trials over Three Year Period 350 300 250 2001 2002 2003 200 150 100 50 0 3 days into trial 7 days into trial 10 days into trial

  21. 2004 and 2005 studies Experimented with research design changes Trend for increased captures as progress through trial

  22. Total Captures 3500 3000 2500 Critt Engels Ithaca Loomis 2000 1500 1000 500 0 4 days into trial 8 days into trial 14 days into trial

  23. Small scale study One set of paired plots (40 ft by 40 ft) Approximately 20 ft from periphery to center “Lawn” set-up

  24. Small scale study Location of plot (vicinity to road) probably more important In peripheral trapped plot, consistently more yellowjackets in center than periphery No “protection” at this size No time trends (plots 100 ft apart)

  25. Yellowjacket Trapping at Emerson Park, Cayuga Co., NY (Bruce Natale, Cayuga Co. Planning Office) YEAR NUMBER OF STINGING INSECTS TRAPPED FIRST AID FOR STINGS 1995 ---- Numerous 1996 674 2 – 4 1997 467 2 – 4 1998 360 1 – 3 1999 298 0 2000 1835 4 - 6

  26. Yellowjacket Trapping at Clothesline Art Festival, Rochester, NY (Peter Castronovo, University of Rochester) YEAR NUMBER OF STINGING INSECTS TRAPPED FIRST AID FOR STINGS 2001 ---- Numerous 2002 1250 0 2003 1400 30

  27. Yellowjacket Trapping at School Playgrounds 2000 and 2001 Livonia CSD (Livingston Co., NY) and Bethlehem CSD (Albany Co., NY) Compared managed sites and unmanaged sites; Surveyed nurses and teachers 9884 stinging insects (98% yellowjackets) Reduced risk?

  28. CONCLUSIONS  Best use: already exists a strong attractant (concession stands)  Not recommended if no attractant (school playgrounds)  Distance from “protected” area probably important  Festivals: start trapping one week before  Traps need to be regularly serviced

  29. Future Analysis  Confirm and expand upon current analysis  Relative impacts of variables: plot location, trap location, trial, weather  Bald-faced hornets  Paper wasps

  30. Future Work?  Optimum distance of peripheral traps from each other and “protected” site

  31. Acknowledgements Funding: Pest Management Foundation, NYS IPM Program Data collection and analysis: Debra Marvin (NYS IPM Program) Experimental design input: Mike Hoffmann (Cornell University), Douglas Johnson (USGS), Warren Lamboy (USDA), John Barnard (NYS Agricultural Experiment Station) Private land access: Jim Engels, Bob King, Mike and Helen McKinnon Yellowjacket identification: Carolyn Klass (Cornell University)

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