Researching for a Debate

1. Researching for a Debate

2. What is a debate? • A debate is, simply put, an argument. • But rather than being a shouting match between two sides, a debate has strict rules of conduct, utilizing sophisticated techniques. • You may be put in a position where you must argue the opposite of what you believe in. This is an important part of the art of debating.

3. Exploring the Topic • Define the topic • “layman’s” terms • Be aware of the scope of the debate • What is included, what is not included • Get a clear understanding of your position (Pro vs. Con) • If in doubt, ask your teacher for clarification

4. Parents Families Society Kids Coming up with Keywords Children Punish • Discipline • Spank • Time-Out • Guidance Google Hint: ~Discipline will search for the word promotion and its common synonyms define: Discipline will search for definitions and links

5. Brainstorming • Brainstorm ALL possible arguments for & against the topic • Come up with as many arguments as possible to support your claim • Think about possible rebuttal arguments • Use a concept map

6. Importance of Research • Arguments will be based on evidence, facts and statistics. • Debater will become familiar with the topic, which allows for better flow of ideas and better preparation for rebuttal arguments. • Over-research. • Use multiple, diverse sources.

7. Looking for Information • Check the library for: • Books • Periodicals • Government documents • Newspapers • Videos/DVDs • Human expertise

8. Looking for Information • Check the Internet for: • Online databases • Current information (online newspapers, articles, studies. . .) • Blogs, Wikis, and websites of concerned organizations and societies.

9. Searching tips • Use “debate” language • Versus, for against, argument • Be clear & specific • Correct spelling is important • Phrase searching • “social promotion” • Leave out and, the, a , of . . . • Use the * wildcard (e.g. child* for child, children ; punish* for punish, punishing, punishment etc.

10. Going Beyond Google • WVHS Library has licensed several databases that provide access to full text articles and current information: (accessible from home as well if you have the passwords) http://destiny.wvcsd.org/common/servlet/presenthomeform.do?l2m=Home&tm=Home&l2m=Home

11. Evaluate your sources • Think critically about the information you find. Remember that your opponent will be as well. • Ask yourself some of these questions…

12. Accuracy • Does the source seem correct? Do you need to cross check the information with a second source? • Is it peer-reviewed?

13. Currency • Is this source up to date? How old is too old?

14. Objectivity • Is this source opinion or fact? Is it unnecessarily biased?

15. Purpose • What is the purpose of this source? Is it trying to inform, to sell, to promote?

16. Authority • Who is the author / publisher of this source? • Is she/he a well-known researcher in the field? Is the journal accepted as authoritative by researchers?

17. Get Organized to Debate • Take lots of notes • Use index cards or paper that can easily be reorganized • Keep the notes short • Add personal comments • Include facts and statistics • Acknowledge your sources for credibility http://webster.commnet.edu/mla/notes.shtml

18. Get Organized to Debate • Develop a thesis statement to guide your debate • Formulate a plan for an introduction, presentation of evidence and conclusion

19. Thesis Statement A thesis statement is the basic argument advanced by a speaker or writer who then attempts to prove it; the subject or major argument of a speech or composition ww2.aps.edu/~apsedumain/CurriculumInstruction/glossary.htm A thesis statement: • states the topic/ main idea of the debate • shows the purpose of the debate • shows the direction of your argument • is captivating

20. Thesis examples • It is better to spank children. weak example • Studies have shown that spanking children is an effective means of behavioural modification and that if used properly, leads to a better disciplined and more socially productive adult. stronger example

21. Introduction • Your point must have a basic, clear introduction. • You can open with a general thought or anecdote, but directly connect the intro to your thesis statement. • Start by being strong and confident.

22. Evidence • Gather at least three pieces of evidence to support your claim.  • Have information on each “sub topic” prepared ahead of time. 

23. Conclusion • Conclude your debate by disproving the opponent’s point.  • Reaffirm your position by repeating the highlights of your evidence. • Restate your thesis.

24. Rebuttal • Do your research to be well-prepared for contra arguments. • Take notes of the points to rebut. • Concentrate on the important points and use logic to show why the other side is wrong. • Attack each argument that the opposition presents in turn.

25. Debate Tips • Search the web for debating videos. • Have notes prepared, but do not let your debate become an oral presentation of a written essay.  • Practice speaking aloud in front of a mirror or other people. • Understand both sides of the debate so that you are prepared to contradict the other side. • Be ready to let go of small points. Concentrate on debating the main topics and prepared evidence.

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