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Wisdom Literature

Wisdom Literature. Wisdom Literature. Job Psalms Proverbs Ecclesiastes Song of Songs. Job. Job - Outline. Prologue Job 1-2 The Friend’s Dialogue Job 3-31 Elihu’s Monologue Job 32-37 The Lord’s Monologue Job 38-41 Can you explain Nature? Job 38-39

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Wisdom Literature

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  1. Wisdom Literature

  2. Wisdom Literature • Job • Psalms • Proverbs • Ecclesiastes • Song of Songs

  3. Job

  4. Job - Outline • Prologue Job 1-2 • The Friend’s Dialogue Job 3-31 • Elihu’s Monologue Job 32-37 • The Lord’s Monologue Job 38-41 • Can you explain Nature? Job 38-39 • Can you control Nature? Job 40-41 • Then, Why Question Lord? • Epilogue Job 42

  5. Job – Theology / Themes • 1. The universe is God-centered, God-governed, and God-revealing. It is not centered in or governed by human beings. • 2. Theology of Suffering. Theology of Theodicy. • Suffering is not necessarily result of sin in sufferer’s life. • Suffering is within the purposes of God. • Furthermore, suffering is often beyond our complete understanding. • Suffering can even have redemptive results purposes. (e.g., Job’s new comprehension of God, 42: 5-6) • Wisdom must be lived out reflectively, hammered out particularly on the anvil of one’s own suffering and that of others. • 3. Divine retribution--cannot wholly account for the ways of God or our own situations. • 4. God is a person not a machine, impersonal “force,” or magic. Therefore, relationship takes precidence over answers. • 5. God does not always explain himself--not accountable to humans, though He is intimately related to us.

  6. Job – Theology / Themes • 3. Wisdom must be lived out reflectively, hammered out particularly on the anvil of one’s own suffering and that of others. • 4. Divine retribution--cannot wholly account for the ways of God or our own situations. • 5. God is a person not a machine, impersonal “force,” or magic. Therefore, relationship takes precedence over answers.

  7. Job – Theology / Themes • 6. God does not always explain himself--not accountable to humans, though He is intimately related to us.

  8. The Book of Psalms

  9. Book of Psalms Where Does it Fall in the Bible? Hebrew BibleEnglish Bible Law Pentateuch Prophets Historical Book Writings Writings Prophets

  10. Book of Psalms What is the book of Psalms? Prayer Book Individual writers Incorporated into Temple life / Jesus’ life Church Life / Our Life

  11. Book of Psalms What does the Book of Psalms teach us about Prayer? 1st Word is always God’s Prayer is a response God’s word is primary Prayer is answering language

  12. Studying the Book of Psalms Structure of the Psalter Book I: Psalms 1-41 Book II: Psalms 42-72 Book III: Psalms 73-89 Book IV: Psalms 90-106 Book V: Psalms 107-150 Each ends with a doxology Entire book climaxes in 150

  13. Studying the Book of Psalms • Musical notations • Selah (71 x’s in Psalms; see Ps 3) • 2. Parallelism • Synonymous (comparing) • Antithetic (contrasting)

  14. Studying the Book of Psalms Synonymous Parallelism (Ps 1) Blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked or stand in the way of sinners or sit in the seat of mockers

  15. Studying the Book of Psalms Antithetical Parallelism(Ps 37:21) The wicked borrows and can not pay back but the righteous is generous and gives

  16. Studying the Book of Psalms • 3. Other Literary Devices • Acrostics (Ps 25, 34, 119) • e.g. Ps 119 • 22 stanzas of 8 verses, each line begins with a different letter of the Hebrew alphabet

  17. Studying the Book of Psalms • Superscription/Psalm Titles • 134 Psalms have superscription in Hebrew text • Not part of original text but do date back to antiquity • Titles describe character of Psalm (e.g., Tehillah Ps. 145) • Titles describe use by worshipping community (Ps. 92) • Titles relate authorship (all but 50) • Titles describe Psalm’s original setting (e.g., Ps. 51)

  18. Studying the Book of Psalms • 5. Types of Psalms • Thanksgiving (Ps. 36, Jonah 2) • Wisdom (Ps 1, 73) • Royal (Ps 2, 110) • Imprecatory (Ps 35, 69, 137) • Lament (Ps 3, 4, 6) • Messianic (Ps 8, 22)

  19. Studying the Book of Psalms • 6. Authorship of Psalms • David (73) • Moses (1; Ps. 90) • Solomon (2; Ps. 72, 127) • Asaph (12; Ps. 50, 73-83) • Korah sons (10; Ps. 42, 44-45, 47-49, 84-85, 87-88) • Heman (1; Ps. 88) • Ethan (1; Ps. 89)

  20. Summary of Psalms 1. Psalms as Israel’s Expression of Faith Individual and Temple Man’s word to God God’s Word to Man

  21. Summary of Psalms 2. Psalms as Our Expression of Faith Prayer Personal and communal

  22. Summary of Psalms • 3. Psalms connects OurFaith with Theirs(links OT to NT) • Through the Psalms, the Apostles established • Jesus’ Suffering (Ps 22, 35, 41, 55, 69, 109) • Jesus’ Messianic Claims (Ps 2, 72, 89, 110) • Of the 360 quotes and allusions of the OT in the NT, 112 are from the Psalms.

  23. Book of Proverbs

  24. Proverbs in brief Author(s) Chapter 1-24 Solomon (See 1:1, 10:1) Chapter 25-29 Probably also written by Solomon, collected by the “men of Hezekiah” (715-686 B.C.) Chapter 30 Agur Chapter 31 King Lemuel

  25. Proverbs in brief • Proverbs as Principles • Proverbs are principles for life not promises from God (See Proverbs 22:6) • 2. Proverbs contrasted with Psalms • Psalms: Deal with Man’s relationship and worship with God • Proverbs: Deal with Man’s relationship with men.

  26. Ecclesiastes in brief • Author • Solomon? • 1:1 The words of the Teacher, son of David, king in Jerusalem • Problems with Solomon as Author • Book never names Solomon • Author describes oppression in the Kingdom (3:16; 4:1-3; 5:8-9). Solomon would have used his influence to implement justice. • Hebrew is of much later date that 930 B.C.

  27. Ecclesiastes in brief • Life is Meaningless • Look for meaning in wealth, wisdom, women, and you will be disappointed • 2. Fear God • Meaning in found in relationship to God • 3. Ecclesiastes contrasted with Proverbs • Proverbs: Applies wisdom for practical benefits of godly-life • Eccles: Applies wisdom for philosophical purpose of understanding the meaning of life.

  28. Song of Songs

  29. Ways to Interpret Song of Songs 1. Literal interpretation - a celebration of sexual intimacy in marriage Guards against prudishness (sexless love) and promiscuity (loveless sex) 2. Spiritual interpretations – allegory or a reflection of the love between The Lord/Israel; Christ/Church; Jesus/Individual Believer

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