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University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire

University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire. Evaluating the USDA Fresh Fruit &Vegetable Program. Blake Barnes, Amber Jamelske, Bryan Reinhold, Kevin Reinhold and Liz Reinke Lori Bica and Eric Jamelske Economics & Psychology Departments University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire

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University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire

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  1. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Evaluating the USDA Fresh Fruit &Vegetable Program Blake Barnes, Amber Jamelske, Bryan Reinhold, Kevin Reinhold and Liz Reinke Lori Bica and Eric Jamelske Economics & Psychology Departments University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Chippewa Valley Center for Economic Research & Development

  2. Overview • Introduction & Background • USDA Fresh Fruit & Vegetable Program • 1st Try at Evaluating Program • A 2nd Chance • 2008-09 Evaluation Results • 2009-10 Research Plans • Questions and Discussion

  3. Introduction • Rising childhood obesity (CDC, Surgeon General, USDHHS). • Inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption. • F&V intake has been shown to be effective in weight management and also lower risk of disease (CDC, Surgeon General, USDHHS). • USDA Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP) was created to improve nutrition and help combat childhood obesity (2002).

  4. The Fresh Fruit & Vegetable Program

  5. The Fresh Fruit & Vegetable Program In WI • 2006-07 • -WI added as pilot • -25 schools • -$1 million • -$67.70 per student • 2007-08 • -2006-07 money left over • 2008-09 • -56 schools • -$870,996 • -$50.97 per student • -program becomes national • -US Farm Bill • 2009-10 • -73 schools • -$1.35 million • -$50.20 per student

  6. 2006-07 Evaluation Process (1st Try) • Pre-program survey • Post-program survey I & Post-program survey II • Questions on student knowledge of and attitudes toward fruits and vegetables as well as F/V consumption. • Average daily F/V intake (across 3 days) • Intervention schools (25) & matched control schools (15) • before and after experiment

  7. 2006-07 Evaluation Results (1st Try) • Students participating in the program showed an increased willingness to try new fruit and vegetable items served in school. • Unfortunately we were not able to say anything about the program impact on F/V consumption. • Largely due to flawed survey design and implementation. • too many schools, not enough manpower

  8. 2008-09 Evaluation Process (2nd Chance) • 4 Eau Claire schools • All elementary schools, 2 program and 2 control (not 40) • Hands on survey administration • Walk students through each question • New survey design (same survey timing, pre-post1-post2, 3 total) • Day In The Life Questionnaire • Average daily incidence of F/V intake (3 days) • Not caloric intake or number of servings F/V

  9. Fruit & Vegetable Snack Distribution • Free F/V morning snack in the classroom • School 1: Four days per week • watermelon, cucumber, apple, peach, none • School 2: Three days per week • none, grapes, carrots, apple, none

  10. Full Sample Demographics N = 346

  11. Pre-Test (N = 346)

  12. Pre-Test (N = 346)

  13. Sample Lunch Menu

  14. Pre-Test: Daily Fruit and Vegetable Intake • -School 1: watermelon (92%), cucumber (73%), apple (81%), peach, none • -School 2: none, grapes (84%), carrots (62%), apple, none Post-Test: Daily Fruit and Vegetable Intake

  15. Post Test Morning Snack Comparison • Free F/V morning snack (3/4 days per week) • School 1: watermelon (92%) • School 2: none

  16. Change in F&V Intake Regression • Control Variables • lunch type, race, gender, grade

  17. What FV Snacks Were Provided?

  18. The FFVP Works! • Strong ↑ FV intake of participating students by providing free access to during the morning snack period. • No evidence of ↑ FV intake without free access. • If students are provided with free FV….. THEY WILL EAT THEM!

  19. 2009-10 Research Design • 4 New schools, 2 surveys (pre and post) • Normal intervention and intensive intervention (incentives) • Matched control schools • Focus on F/V intake analysis • Study incentives

  20. Tracking Student Snack Behavior

  21. Conclusion • Very important and timely project. • Hopeful that our newest evaluation process will yield even more meaningful and valuable results. • Give schools the tools to increase F/V consumption • Other WI schools may collect similar data. • Other states may also use this research protocol.

  22. Mango Gazpacho

  23. More Information • F as in Fat • http://healthyamericans.org/reports/obesity2009/ • USDA Fresh Fruit & Vegetable Program • http://www.fns.usda.gov/cga/FactSheets/FFVP_Quick_Facts.htm • WI Fresh Fruit & Vegetable Program • http://dpi.wi.gov/fns/ffvp.html • Centers For Disease Control & Prevention • http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/fruitsvegetables/index.html • Produce For Better Health • http://www.fruitsandveggiesmorematters.org/

  24. Questions? • Eric Jamelske & Lori Bica • jamelsem@uwec.edu, bicala@uwec.edu

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