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Spreadsheet vs Database

Spreadsheet vs Database. When do we use them?. Spreadsheet review. Why do we use a spreadsheet?. Spreadsheet review. Enter data Do calculations on data Examples: expenses, profit/loss. Expenses. Gradesheet. Database. Store information long-term Search information. An example….

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Spreadsheet vs Database

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  1. Spreadsheet vs Database • When do we use them?

  2. Spreadsheet review • Why do we use a spreadsheet?

  3. Spreadsheet review • Enter data • Do calculations on data • Examples: expenses, profit/loss

  4. Expenses

  5. Gradesheet

  6. Database • Store information long-term • Search information

  7. An example… • What sort of information does Ren Da Fu Zhong need to keep? • Think of at least 10 pieces of information!

  8. RDFZ stores information on… • Students: • Name, address, ID number, parents, grades, classes, teachers, payment info, absences, extra activities • Teachers: • Name, address, ID number, classes taught, students taught, grades given, bank information, payment information

  9. RDFZ stores information on… • Other employees: • Name, job, hours worked/week, pay scale, bank information, duties/responsibilities • Inventories: • How many classrooms, how many desks, chairs, overhead projectors, scanners, computers…

  10. RDFZ stores information on… • Lots of stuff! • Can all of this fit on one spreadsheet? • No! • This is when we use a database.

  11. Uses of a database • Store data • Backup data • Add/Modify data • Query data (ask questions) • Generate reports (print data in an easy-to-read format)

  12. Examples of databases • Can you think of any?

  13. Your music

  14. Your games

  15. Your web pages

  16. Your life

  17. Warning! • Databases are very different from word processors, spreadsheets, or presentation software. • You CANNOT just start typing. • A database must be DESIGNED before you start adding data. • Why?

  18. Why? • Avoid duplication (putting in the same data many times) • Logical organization of data

  19. The parts of a database • Do you remember: • Columns? • Rows? • Cells? • These have different names in a database… 

  20. Table: one page

  21. We have 3 fields: ID, title, and date Notice – every field has the same data type! This is required! Column = Field

  22. Remember these from Excel? Data Type review

  23. Row = Record • Here we have 4 records • Each record has all the information from one entry.

  24. Another example • Here we have 3 records • A record has all the info on one entry

  25. Cell: Data Value • How many data values are in this table?

  26. Primary Key • Here, the “Video Collection” field is the primary key • EVERY table MUST have a primary key – a unique value

  27. Primary Key Examples

  28. Designing a Database • Before we enter data, we must design the table • Things to think about: • What fields do we need? • What data type does each field need? • Which field can become the primary key?

  29. Example: RDFZ • What information will RDFZ store about students? • What data type should each be? • Which field will make a good primary key?

  30. Example: Taobao business • We are running a business on TaoBao. We are selling clothing on the internet. We want to make a database of all the orders that we receive. • What information must we store? • What data type should each field be? • What should be the primary key?

  31. Example: a new home • We are real estate agents, and need to build a database of all apartments in the area. • What information must we store? • What data type should each field be? • What should be the primary key?

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