Organization Theory: Exploring the Past, Managing the Future

1. 呂璇 • 澎湖人.高雄人 • 求學經歷 義守大學應用數學系 交通大學運管所碩士班 • 王lab • 興趣:旅遊

2. Chapter One Organizations and Organization Theory 任課老師:任維廉 教授 報告人:呂璇

3. 1.Organization Theory in Action • Current Challenges • Globalization • Intense Competition • Ethics and Social Responsibility • Speed of Responsiveness • The Digital Workplace • Diversity • Organization theory helps us explain what happened in the past, as well as what may happen in the future, so that we can manage organizations more effectively.

4. 2.What is an Organization? • Social entities that are goal-directed • Designed as deliberately structured and coordinated activity systems • Linked to the external environment • Includes large multinational corporations, family owned businesses as well as nonprofits

5. Importance of Organizations • Create value for owners, customers and employees • Bring together resources to achieve desired goals and outcomes • Produce goods and services efficiently • Facilitate innovation • Use modern manufacturing and information technologies • Adapt to and influence a changing environment • Accommodate ongoing challenges of diversity, ethics, and the motivation and coordination of employees

6. Contextual Dimensions Size Organizational technology Environment Goals and strategy Culture Structural Dimensions Formalization Specialization Hierarchy of authority Centralization Professionalism Personnel Ratios 3.Dimensions of Organization Design

7. Interacting Contextual and Structural Dimensions of Organization Design

8. 4.Performance and Effectiveness Outcomes • Efficiency – amount of resources used to achieve the organization’s goals. • Effectiveness – the degree to which an organization achieves its goals. • Stakeholder Approach – balancing the needs of groups in and outside of the organization that has a stake in the organization’s performance.

9. Major Stakeholder Groups and What they Expect

10. 5.The Evolution of Organization Theory and Design • Historical Perspectives • Scientific management • Administrative principles • Bureaucracy organizations • Hawthorne Studies • Don’t Forget the Environment • Contingency theory

11. Entrepreneurial Machine Professional Diversified Adhocracy 6.Mitzberg’s Organizational Types

12. Contemporary Ideas • Today’s organizations are still imprinted with hierarchy, bureaucracy and formalization • As organizations become large and complex, the orderly and predictable role of managers in the industrial age must change • Chaos theory states that relationships in complex systems are nonlinear

13. 7.Efficient Performance Versus The Learning Organization • Organizations require adaptability. Many organizations are focused on building learning organizations which promotes communication and collaboration • From Vertical to Horizontal Structure • From Routine Tasks to Empowered Roles • From Formal Control Systems to Shared Information • From Rigid to Adaptive Culture • From Competitive to Collaborative Strategy

14. Two Organization Design Approaches

15. Thank for your listening.